Pathways among Self-esteem, Marital Instability, and Depression: A Personality-Relationship Transactional Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 0192513X2096316
Author(s):  
Wei Tong ◽  
Jichao Jia ◽  
Xiaomin Li ◽  
Qiong He ◽  
Nan Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Marital Relationship ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Marital Instability ◽  
Indirect Pathway ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Transaction Model

Guided by the dynamic-transaction model of health, the current study investigated how the interplay between self-esteem and marital instability affects future depressive symptoms. Based on longitudinal data, the present study demonstrated that higher self-esteem was associated with lower marital instability, thus decreasing the likelihood of depressive symptoms. At the same time, an unstable marital relationship was related to lower levels of self-esteem, which in turn increased depressive symptoms. Thus, the results of the current study provided preliminary evidence regarding the effects of the personality-relationship transaction on depressive symptoms. In addition, the prospective associations between personality-relationship transaction and depressive symptoms was not parallel for husbands and wives. For husbands, the indirect pathway from marital instability to their own depressive symptoms via self-esteem was significant. For wives, the indirect pathway from self-esteem to their own depressive symptoms via marital instability was significant. Theoretical implications and future directions for research are discussed.

scholarly journals A Sequential Path Model Testing: Emotional Intelligence, Resilient Coping and Self-Esteem as Predictors of Depressive Symptoms during Unemployment

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
María Angeles Peláez-Fernández ◽  
Lourdes Rey ◽  
Natalio Extremera
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Job Search ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Path Model ◽  
Southern Europe ◽  
Path Analyses ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

The unemployment rate has dramatically increased in southern Europe in the last decade. Although it is well-known that unemployment impairs mental health, the specific roles of personal resources like emotional intelligence (EI) and potential underlying mechanisms remain unclear. Prior studies have shown that resilience and self-esteem are mediators in the link between EI and mental health. The present study aims to bridge these gaps by testing a sequential path model. Specifically, we propose that EI is associated with lower depressive symptoms, which is explained by higher resilient coping strategies and a resulting increased self-esteem among unemployed individuals. A sample of Spanish unemployed persons completed measures of EI, resilience, self-esteem and depression. The results showed that higher levels of EI were positively associated with resilience and self-esteem and negatively related to depressive symptoms. Path analyses showed that resilience and self-esteem mediated the relation between EI and depression in sequence. These findings suggest that EI plays a key role in promoting mental health and provide preliminary evidence regarding potential mechanisms through which EI contributes to mental health during unemployment. Implications for assessing the absence of these positive resources in developing effective job search programs geared toward promoting mental health and re-employment are discussed.

scholarly journals The motivational primacy of environmental coherence : self-derogation and the experience of meaning in life

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Samantha J. Heintzelman
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sense Of Coherence ◽  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Daily Activities ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
The World ◽  
Human Tendency

Although the human tendency to make self-serving attributions is well-documented, not all behaviors and cognitions are primarily self-serving. Victims blame themselves for uncontrollable circumstances and individuals derogate themselves to maintain a sense that the world is just. Callan and colleagues (2014) found that random negative outcomes result in lowered self-esteem, increased perceptions that one deserves bad outcomes, and spurred self-detrimental behaviors. How might these self-defeating processes be explained? I examined whether such processes might serve to maintain a broader sense of coherence that allows the experience of life as meaningful. Participants (N = 1199) wrote about past bad or good breaks, or daily activities, and then rated self-esteem, deservingness of bad outcomes, and meaning in life and coherence. I found no support for the prediction that self-esteem would negatively relate (or deservingness of bad outcome beliefs would positively relate) to meaning in life following reminders of bad breaks. Some evidence emerged suggesting that self-esteem was less strongly related to coherence in the good breaks condition compared to controls. Exploratory analyses examined the role of depression in processes involved in the experience of life as meaningful. The manipulation had stronger effects on meaning in life in participants experiencing depressive symptoms compared to those who were not. Furthermore, self-esteem was more strongly related to meaning in life in individuals experiencing some depression compared to the non-depressed participants, especially in the bad breaks condition. Implications for this work regarding the study of meaning in life and future directions regarding this research question are discussed.

scholarly journals International Students in the U.S.: Social and Psychological Adjustment

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Jackson ◽  
Sukanya Ray ◽  
Danica Bybell
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
International Students ◽  
Acculturative Stress ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Sociocultural Adjustment

In this study, we examined the role of self-esteem, hope, optimism, coping, acculturative stress, and social support on international students’ depressive symptoms and sociocultural adjustment. Seventy international students completed a self-report online survey. The most notable finding was that the international students used adaptive and maladaptive coping techniques at similar rates. Greater use of coping techniques, higher acculturative stress and less social support were associated with more depressive symptoms and more difficulty with sociocultural adjustment. Lower self-esteem, less hope, and less optimism were associated with more depressive symptoms, but not sociocultural difficulty. Clinical implications and future directions are also discussed.

Pathways From ADHD Symptoms to Suicidal Ideation During College Years: A Longitudinal Study on the i-Share Cohort

2020 ◽  
pp. 108705472091524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julie Arsandaux ◽  
Massimiliano Orri ◽  
Marie Tournier ◽  
Antoine Gbessemehlan ◽  
Sylvana Coté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Indirect Pathway

Objective: To estimate the association between ADHD symptoms and suicidal ideation in college students, and to test mediation by depressive symptoms or self-esteem. Method: Based on the i-Share cohort (prospective cohort of 2,331 college students in France). Self-reported measures included ADHD symptoms at baseline, self-esteem and depressive symptoms at 3 months, and suicidal ideation at 1-year follow-up. We conducted path analysis to estimate total, direct, and indirect effect. Results: Participants with high ADHD symptoms were more likely to report suicidal ideation 1 year later ( p < .0001). Indirect effects through depressive symptoms ( p < .0001) and self-esteem ( p < .0001) explained 44% and 25% of this association, respectively. An indirect pathway via a combination of self-esteem, then depressive symptoms, was also identified ( p < .0001), explaining 19% of the total effect. The direct effect was not significant ( p = .524). Conclusion: ADHD symptoms seem to have no direct but indirect effect through both self-esteem and depressive symptoms on suicidal ideation.

Building Emotional Intelligence for Student Success: A Pilot Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1445-1461
Author(s):  
Amee P. Shah ◽  
Mary Lou Galantino
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Emotional Regulation ◽  
Communication Apprehension ◽  
Communication Competence ◽  
Emotional Awareness ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Empowerment Model ◽  
Dyad Interaction ◽  
Relational Management

Purpose Nationwide, upward trends exist in student issues with anxiety, stress, depression, and lowered classroom performance. As emotional awareness and emotional regulation skills are typically not addressed in professional discipline-specific courses, students experience challenges in their academic performance. This pilot research explored the effect of brief targeted classroom practices within an empowerment-based framework on domains of emotional intelligence. Method Twenty-two students in an undergraduate speech-language pathology class received a 13-week, biweekly, 15-min session of empowerment-based worksheet exercises to develop increased self-esteem, emotional awareness and regulation, and communication. Assessments of self-esteem, emotional intelligence, communication competence, and communication apprehension were conducted using validated scales, namely, the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale ( Rosenberg, 1965 ), the Quick Emotional Intelligence Self-Assessment ( Mohapel, 2015 ), the Self-Perceived Communication Competence Scale ( McCroskey & McCroskey, 2013 ), and the Personal Report of Communication Apprehension ( McCroskey, 1982 ), respectively. Midsemester and semester-end student reflections were collected. Results Paired t tests were significant in self-esteem and emotional quotient, including subdomains of emotional awareness, emotional management, social emotional awareness, and relational management. Significance was noted in communication competence in the subdomains of dyad interaction, stranger interaction, and acquaintance. Students' reflection showed significant improvement in empowerment and self-rated improvements in confidence, communication, connections with peers, and trust with instructor. Conclusion Preliminary evidence demonstrates positive outcomes with integration of intentional classroom exercises to build emotional intelligence (including emotional awareness and regulation), self-esteem, and communication. This empowerment model may assist faculty in developing effective pedagogical strategies to build students' self-resiliency.

Analysis of Self-Concept in Older Adults in Different Contexts

2004 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manuel de Gracia Blanco ◽  
Josep Garre Olmo ◽  
María Marcó Arbonès ◽  
Pilar Monreal Bosch
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
External Validity ◽  
Aging Process ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Self Perceptions ◽  
Discriminatory Capacity

Summary: Self-concept is a construct consisting of a group of specific self-perceptions that are hierarchically organized. Age-associated changes of self-concept are related to the individual's perception of the changes occurring throughout the aging process. The authors examined external validity and internal consistency of an instrument that has been developed to assess self-concept in older adults and examined self-concept's characteristics in two different contexts. Results confirm the multidimensionality of the scale and show a satisfactory external validity, indicating good discriminatory capacity. Findings support the hypothesis that older people who live in a nursing home have a poor self-esteem, self-concept, and psychological well-being and have a greater presence of depressive symptoms than people who live in their own home.

Some Good News

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Daniel Batson
Keyword(s):  
Meaning In Life ◽  
Close Relationships ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Preliminary Evidence ◽  
Empathic Concern ◽  
Good News ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Political Conflicts ◽  
Conflict Situations ◽  
Business Negotiations

Empathy-induced altruism provides benefits for (a) the person in need, (b) other similar people, and (c) the person feeling empathic concern. Specifically, there is evidence that it can produce the following: more and better help for those in need; less aggression toward them; less derogation and blaming of victims of injustice; increased cooperation in conflict situations (business negotiations, political conflicts, and tensions between students in school); less negative attitudes toward stigmatized groups; increased willingness to help these groups; more sensitive and responsive care in close relationships; increased happiness and self-esteem; less stress; more meaning in life; and greater longevity. The list of benefits of empathy-induced altruism for which there is at least preliminary evidence is impressive. Although not a panacea, it can be a powerful force for good.

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