Indian Model of Executive Burnout

Burnout is described as a state of depletion of a person's resources and energy resulting in apathetic and impassive behaviour towards others, having dysfunctional repercussions on the individual and adverse effects on organizations. Though an enormous amount of research is available on “stress” in both Western and Indian contexts, there is very little research on “burnout” in the Indian workplaces. For this study, important considerations included evolving an exclusive construct of “executive burnout” in the industrial context which does not exist and also developing the construct of burnout in the Indian context. The Western construct of burnout using Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) developed in 1982 has largely been based on people occupations (like nurses and teachers) and later extended to non-service occupations. When tested by the author on the Indian sample of executives, it revealed the following: There is a difference in the dimension of diminished personal accomplishment which was not valid on the Indian sample. Those suffering from burnout did not have low personal accomplishment; on the contrary, high achieving executives were mostly found to suffer from burnout. Some dimensions, viz., ambiguity; dissatisfaction and powerlessness; inadequacy; and physical exhaustion, which were empirically found vital for executives in the Indian context, were not covered by MBI. With technological advancements, workplaces have undergone drastic changes and many executives work in situations which require very little people contact, implying that the construct of executive burnout is qualitatively different and needs to be evolved for better understanding of this pivotal problem. The author's professional interactions with executives from a variety of industry and a study of mental health professionals in India revealed that the problem of burnout has been acute and on the increase. This study identifies the determinants of burnout among Indian executives and thus evolves an Indian model of executive burnout to help the executives/organizations in taking preventive measures to mitigate this problem. Reliable tools are used on a representative sample of middle level executives from manufacturing and service industry representing both public and private sectors. Basic statistics, Pearson's correlation, factor analysis, t-test, and hierarchical regression test the hypotheses. The analysis of data reveal the following: Emotional intelligence mediates and leads to personal effectiveness which moderates the onset of burnout. Stress personality and personal inadequacy are personality-related predictors. Role expectation conflict, role stagnation, self-role distance, role overload, role erosion, resource inadequacy, inter-role distance, and role ambiguity are role- related predictors of burnout among executives in India. The author (2005) has found that burnout can be prevented with early detection, timely intervention, and enhancement of emotional intelligence.

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The role of extracurricular activities and lectures in mitigating medical student burnout

Journal of Osteopathic Medicine ◽

10.1515/jom-2020-0311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Jennifer C. Sepede ◽

Joanna Petrides ◽

Philip B. Collins ◽

Meredith C. Jones ◽

Nicole Cantor ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Medical Students ◽

Extracurricular Activities ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Leadership Positions ◽

Student Body ◽

Individual Level ◽

Rowan University ◽

Survey Results ◽

The Individual

Abstract Context Strong evidence throughout the literature highlights burnout as a significant and increasing problem among medical students, impacting students’ ability to effectively care for and empathize with patients. Objectives To examine how involvement in extracurricular activities and attendance at burnout lectures can impact burnout among medical students. Methods An anonymous digital survey including the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) was sent to all students (n=765) at Rowan University School of Osteopathic Medicine. The survey included questions regarding the number of burnout/wellness lectures respondents had attended, the number of clubs in which the respondents participated, the number of hours spent in these clubs, and any leadership positions held by the respondents. Results Of the 765 students enrolled, 597 completed the survey. Results indicated that women participated in significantly more clubs than men (t[456]=−4.30; p<0.001). Men had higher scores on the depersonalization subscale of the MBI than women (t[463)=2.98; p<0.01]. There were no gender differences in emotional exhaustion or personal accomplishment. Linear regression analyses including gender and club participation as predictors of each of the burnout subscales indicated a significant interaction between gender and number of clubs (β=0.34; p<0.05), in that more club participation was associated with higher depersonalization scores for women, but lower depersonalization scores for men. The number of wellness/burnout prevention lectures attended was not predictive of scores on any of the burnout subscales. Conclusions Our results indicate the importance of understanding what drives burnout on the individual level and adapting interventions to suit the needs of individual students, rather than the student body as a whole.

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Self-Reported Emotional Intelligence, Burnout and Engagement among Staff in Services for People with Intellectual Disabilities

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.95.2.386-390 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 95 (2) ◽

pp. 386-390 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Auxiliadora Durán ◽

Natalio Extremera ◽

Lourdes Rey

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Well Being ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Work Related ◽

Significant Relationships ◽

People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽

Mood Scale ◽

The Relationship

This study examined the relationship among dimensions of self-reported Emotional Intelligence, Engagement and Burnout, using the Trait Meta-Mood Scale, Maslach Burnout Inventory and Utrecht Work Engagement Scale in a sample of Spanish professionals who work at institutions for people with intellectual disabilities. The results showed that Emotional Clarity was significantly associated with Personal Accomplishment ( r = .25) and Dedication ( r = .25). Further, Repair to moods was significantly correlated with all Engagement dimensions (.20 Vigor, .30 Dedication, .36 Absorption) and with Personal Accomplishment (.31). These findings extend previous research with college students in which Clarity and Repair to moods subscales were relevant predictors of well-being indexes and interpersonal functioning and suggest that the Trait Meta-Mood Scale subscales also show significant relationships with emotional functioning and work-related variables in a professional sample.

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Predictors of stigma in a sample of mental health professionals: Network and moderator analysis on gender, years of experience, personality traits, and levels of burnout

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1192/j.eurpsy.2019.14 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marco Solmi ◽

Umberto Granziol ◽

Andrea Danieli ◽

Alberto Frasson ◽

Leonardo Meneghetti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Personality Traits ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Emotional Stability ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Personal Recovery ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Moderator Analysis

Abstract Background. Stigma is one of the most important barriers to help-seeking and to personal recovery for people suffering from mental disorders. Stigmatizing attitudes are present among mental health professionals with negative effects on the quality of health care. Methods. Network and moderator analysis were used to identify what path determines stigma, considering demographic and professional variables, personality traits, and burnout dimensions in a sample of mental health professionals (n = 318) from six Community Mental Health Services. The survey included the Attribution Questionnaire-9, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Ten-Item Personality Inventory. Results. The personality trait of openness to new experiences resulted to determine lower levels of stigma. Burnout (personal accomplishment) interacted with emotional stability in predicting stigma, and specifically, for subjects with lower emotional stability lower levels of personal accomplishment were associated with higher levels of stigma. Conclusions. Some personality traits may be accompanied by better empathic and communication skills, and may have a protective role against stigma. Moreover, burnout can increase stigma, in particular in subjects with specific personality traits. Assessing personality and burnout levels could help in identifying mental health professionals at higher risk of developing stigma. Future studies should determine whether targeted interventions in mental health professionals at risk of developing stigma may be effective in stigma prevention.

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In Pursuit of Work Performance: Testing the Contribution of Emotional Intelligence and Burnout

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17155373 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (15) ◽

pp. 5373

Author(s):

Martin Sanchez-Gomez ◽

Edgar Breso

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Work Performance ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Performance Testing ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Multiple Mediation ◽

Mediation Analyses ◽

The Individual ◽

The Relationship

Previous research has highlighted the connection between emotional intelligence (EI) and work performance. However, the role of job burnout in this context remains relatively unexplored. This study aimed to examine the mediator role of burnout in the relationship between EI and work performance in a multioccupational sample of 1197 Spanish professionals (58.6% women). The participants completed the Wong and Law Emotional Intelligence Scale, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Individual Work Performance Questionnaire. As expected, the results demonstrated a positive relationship between EI and performance, and a negative relationship with burnout, which has a mediator effect in the relationship between EI and work performance. Professionals with high levels of IE and low burnout reported the highest performance. Multiple mediation analyses showed that employees’ EI was indirectly connected to work performance via professional efficacy and exhaustion, even when controlling the effects of sociodemographic variables. The same pattern was found when multiple mediations were conducted for each EI dimension. These findings demonstrate the importance of burnout in understanding work performance and emphasize the role of EI as a protective variable which can prevent the development or chronic progression of workers’ burnout.

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Burnout and Workplace Deviance among Flight Attendants in Taiwan

Psychological Reports ◽

10.2466/pr0.101.2.457-468 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 101 (2) ◽

pp. 457-468 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Su-Chiun Liang ◽

An-Tien Hsieh

Keyword(s):

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Deviant Behavior ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Well Being ◽

Workplace Deviance ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Flight Attendants ◽

Hierarchical Regression ◽

Voluntary Behavior

The relationship between burnout and workplace deviance, identified as a component of job performance, was examined. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory which has three dimensions, Emotional Exhaustion, Depersonalization, and Reduced Personal Accomplishment. Workplace deviance was defined as voluntary behavior that violates significant organizational norms and threatens the well-being of an organization, its members, or both. This was assessed with the Workplace Deviance Scale, measuring the extent to which the participants had engaged in workplace deviant behavior such as taking property from work without permission, making fun of someone at work, or cursing at someone at work. Anonymous questionnaires with stamped envelopes were distributed to a sample of 1,470 Taiwanese flight attendants at the Arrival Hall of Taiwan Taoyuan International Airport. A response rate of 22.45% was obtained. After cases with missing data ( n = 27) had been eliminated, the sample totaled 303, 17 men and 286 women. The average age was 28.7 yr. ( SD = 4.6). Results of hierarchical regression showed that Depersonalization scores were significantly predictive of Workplace Deviance scores but not Emotional Exhaustion and Reduced Personal Accomplishment scores. Possible reasons and implications of these findings were discussed.

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Burnout in mental health professionals: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prevalence and determinants

European Psychiatry ◽

10.1016/j.eurpsy.2018.06.003 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 74-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 63

Author(s):

Karen O’Connor ◽

Deirdre Muller Neff ◽

Steve Pitman

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Systematic Review ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Health Professionals ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Original Research ◽

Increased Risk

AbstractThis study aimed to estimate the level of burnout in mental health professionals and to identify specific determinants of burnout in this population. A systematic search of MEDLINE/PubMed, PsychINFO/Ovid, Embase, CINAHL/EBSCO and Web of Science was conducted for original research published between 1997 and 2017. Sixty-two studies were identified as meeting the study criteria for the systematic review. Data on the means, standard deviations, and prevalence of the dimensions of burnout were extracted from 33 studies and included in the meta-analysis (n = 9409). The overall estimated pooled prevalence for emotional exhaustion was 40% (CI 31%–48%) for depersonalisation was 22% (CI 15%–29%) and for low levels of personal accomplishment was 19% (CI 13%–25%). The random effects estimate of the mean scores on the Maslach Burnout Inventory indicate that the average mental health professional has high levels of emotional exhaustion [mean 21.11 (95% CI 19.98, 22.24)], moderate levels of depersonalisation [mean 6.76 (95% CI 6.11, 7.42)] but retains reasonable levels of personal accomplishment [mean 34.60 (95% CI 32.99, 36.21)]. Increasing age was found to be associated with an increased risk of depersonalisation but also a heightened sense of personal accomplishment. Work-related factors such as workload and relationships at work, are key determinants for burnout, while role clarity, a sense of professional autonomy, a sense of being fairly treated, and access to regular clinical supervision appear to be protective. Staff working in community mental health teams may be more vulnerable to burnout than those working in some specialist community teams, e.g., assertive outreach, crisis teams.

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Burnout syndrome among health care workers in the tertiary psychiatric facility in Serbia

European Journal of Public Health ◽

10.1093/eurpub/ckaa166.1054 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽

Author(s):

Z Terzic-Supic ◽

G Trajkovic ◽

K Camagic ◽

J Todorovic ◽

V Djordjevic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Care ◽

Beck Depression Inventory ◽

Mental Health Professionals ◽

Health Care Workers ◽

Health Care Professionals ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Burnout Syndrome ◽

Psychiatric Facility ◽

Care Workers

Abstract Background Recent studies reported there is a high prevalence of burnout syndrome in healthcare workers and particularly among mental health professionals. The aim of this study was to examine the burnout syndrome in the tertiary level psychiatric hospital and potential factors associated with it. Methods This study was conducted as a cross sectional study, during September 2017 in Clinic for psychiatric disorders “Dr Laza Lazarevic” Belgrade, Serbia. The study included 159 health care professionals. Instrument used consisted of section on socio-demographic characteristics, linguistically adapted Serbian versions of Maslach Burnout Inventory - General Survey (MBI-GS) with three subscales (emotional exhaustion-EE, depersonalization- DP, low personal accomplishment-PA) and Beck's Depression Inventory (BDI). Results The mean age of the participants was 42.46±10.2 years (the youngest participant was 20 years old, and the oldest was 65 years old). In the overall sample, almost 70% of respondents were educated nurse-technicians. The physicians had the highest values on the EE and DP scale and the lowest values on PA scale: physicians- EE scale: 24.86 ± 15.27, DP scale: 4.29 ± 5.77, PA scale: 37.19 ± 9.77 vs. nurses: EE scale: 17.70 ± 13.58, DP scale: 4.07 ± 6.15, PA scale: 32.56 ± 16.62 vs. health associates: EE scale: 15.54 ± 5.85, DP scale: 3.18 ± 3.43, PA scale: 37.00 ± 6.53. The score on EE-subscale was associated with the years of age (ß=0.310, p = 0.037) and score on Beck's depression inventory (ß=0.828, p < 0.001). The score on DP scale was associated with the score on Beck depression inventory (ß=0.339, p < 0.001). The score on PA scale was associated with the score on Beck depression inventory (ß=0.363, p < 0.001). Conclusions Physicians are the category of employees in psychiatry with the highest severity of burnout syndrome at work, and the degree of development of this syndrome depends on age and degree of depression. Key messages Physicians are the most vulnerable to the burnout syndrome among health care workers at psychiatry. All three domains of burnout are associated with the scores on Beck depression inventory.

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Psychological Burnout among Professionals Working with Children with Motor Disabilities

Psychology in Russia State of Art ◽

10.11621/pir.2021.0106 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 69-85

Author(s):

Taghreed Al-Ali ◽

Mutasem M. Akour ◽

Enas Al-Masri ◽

Annie Abu Hanna Mizaghobian ◽

Soua’d Ghaith

Keyword(s):

Cerebral Palsy ◽

Emotional Exhaustion ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Two Dimensions ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Years Of Experience ◽

Motor Disabilities ◽

Number Of Children ◽

The Individual

Background. Psychological burnout is a state of psychological and physical fatigue that shows the effect of work stress on the individual and negatively affects his/her attitudes towards work. The current study was motivated by the assumption that people who work directly with students with special needs are at the forefront of professions that can create feelings of frustration, and thus may be vulnerable to psychological burnout. Objective. To identify the level of psychological burnout among professionals working with children with motor disabilities, and how these levels differ according to gender, workplace, years of experience, and the number of children the employees treat. Design. The sample comprised 195 staff members at the Al-Hussein Society for the rehabilitation of the Physically Challenged and the Cerebral Palsy Foundation in Amman, Jordan. The researchers used the Maslach Burnout Inventory, which consists of three dimensions: emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and the lack of a sense of personal accomplishment. Results. We found a low level of psychological burnout among those who work with children with motor disabilities. The level of psychological burnout was low for two dimensions: lack of a sense of personal accomplishment and depersonalization, whereas it was average for emotional exhaustion. The results showed statistically significant differences in the degrees of psychological burnout in its three dimensions according to the employee’s workplace, with higher levels at the Cerebral Palsy Foundation. However, no statistically significant differences were found among the participants due to gender, years of experience, or the number of children they treat. Conclusion. The low levels of psychological burnout among professionals who work with children with motor disabilities might be due to the psychological and professional support they receive from their institutions.

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Personality and Emotional Intelligence in Teacher Burnout

The Spanish Journal of Psychology ◽

10.5209/rev_sjop.2012.v15.n1.37314 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 15 (1) ◽

pp. 227-236 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Reza Pishghadam ◽

Samaneh Sahebjam

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Teacher Burnout ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personality Types ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Three Dimensions ◽

Emotional Quotient Inventory ◽

Neo Five Factor Inventory ◽

The Relationship ◽

The City

This paper aims to investigate the relationship between teacher's personality types, emotional intelligence and burnout and to predict the burnout levels of 147 teachers in the city of Mashhad (Iran). To this end, we have used three inventories: Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), NEO Five Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI), and Emotional Quotient Inventory (EQ-I). We used Homogeneity Analysis and Multiple Linear Regression to analyze the data. The results exhibited a significant relationship between personality types and emotional intelligence and the three dimensions of burnout. It was indicated that the best predictors for emotional exhaustion were neuroticism and extroversion, for depersonalization were intrapersonal scale of emotional intelligence and agreeableness, and for personal accomplishment were interpersonal scale and conscientiousness. Finally, the results were discussed in the context of teacher burnout.

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Trait Emotional Intelligence and Its Correlates with the Level of Burnout Syndrome among First-year Resident Physicians in Oman

10.21203/rs.3.rs-34483/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Salim Al Huseini ◽

Mohammed Al Alawi ◽

Naser Al-Balushi ◽

Hamed Al Sinawi ◽

Hassan Mirza ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Intelligence ◽

Marital Status ◽

Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽

Personal Accomplishment ◽

Burnout Syndrome ◽

First Year ◽

Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽

Occupational Burnout ◽

Cross Sectional

Abstract Background:Existing literature is replete of the magnitude of occupational burnout among physicians and the role of emotional intelligence in moderating poor coping among physicians. However, these domains have not been explored in physicians in the Arabian Gulf countries. The study aims to quantify the rate of the presence of occupational burnout and trait emotional intelligence, the relationship between trait emotional intelligence and domains of occupational burnout, and demographic factors associated with occupational burnout.Methods:This was a cross-sectional, observational study conducted between June to August 2018 among first-year residents in Oman. The outcome measure included indices of composite and subscale (emotional exhaustion-EE, depersonalization -DP and personal accomplishment -PA) of Abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventory (aMBI) and a composite score of Trait Emotional Intelligence Questionnaire (TEI) and its subscales (Self-control, Sociability, and Emotionality).Results:The overall rate of high burnout was 25.8.%, with 57.5% residents reporting high levels of EE, 50.8% high DP, and 49.2% reporting a low sense of PA. Age was significantly associated with DP and PA (P < 0.003) and (P < 0.0001) respectively. Marital status was the only variable associated with EE (p = 0.001). EE was significantly lower in single residents compared with married (P = 0.001). The global mean (± SD) of the TEI was 4.77. A statistically significant relationship was between PA and EI (r = 0.203, P = 0.026). The role of age and marital status were also significant.Conclusion:Among first-year medical trainees in Oman, the prevalence of burnout was 25.8%. This collaborates the trend in the existing literature that occupational burnout is common among tomorrow’s doctors. From this cross-cultural population, TEI did not impact the variation in aMBI, therefore, suggesting orthogonality of such domains.

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