Mapping Logistical Capitalism

2021 ◽  
pp. 026327642199042
Author(s):  
Eugene Brennan

This review article engages with a rich field of scholarship on logistics that has gathered momentum over the past decade, focusing on two new publications by Laleh Khalili and Martín Arboleda. It contextualizes how and why logistics is bound up with the militarization of contemporary political and social life. I argue that the later 20th century rise of logistics can be better understood as both a response to and symptom of capitalist crisis and I situate this scholarship on war and logistics in relationship to Giovanni Arrighi’s account of crisis and ‘unravelling hegemony’. I also show how logistics provides essential critical and visual resources that contribute to efforts to map global capitalism and to debates on totality and class composition in contemporary critical theory. Finally, contemporary events such as the ongoing Coronavirus crisis and the reemergence of Black Lives Matter are considered in light of this analysis with reference to the centrality of logistics to racial capitalism.

Author(s):  
Olga Rvacheva ◽  
Pierre Labrunie

Introduction. The paper deals with studying the formation of culture elements during the Cossacks revival process in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The cultural pattern of a community is always changing. Cultural practices and traditions of the past get integrated into the modern social conditions, while new values and rituals assume the character of traditional ones. The topicality of the subject derives from the fact that the Cossack culture was subject to a dramatic transformation in the 20th century, while many elements of the culture were wiped out. The transmission of the cultural tradition was interrupted. The Cossacks revival in the late 20th century supposed a return to traditional historical forms. However, this task proved difficult because of the break in the transmission of the ethnic culture. The formation of the present-day Cossack cultural system supposed the selection of some elements of culture from the past and their integration into the new conditions as well as the creation of new forms of culture that would contribute to the cultural identification of the Cossacks. Methods and materials. Historiography has predominantly described the traditional forms of the Cossack culture. The issues of cultural construction were touched upon only occasionally. This paper applies the historical and chronological, historicalgenetic methods as well as the conception of socio-cultural construction. Analysis. During the Cossacks revival process its participants demonstrated a sharp increase of interest in the traditional forms of culture. The attempts at their integration into the present-day conditions led to the deformation of cultural forms. They lost their authenticity and transformed themselves into secondary forms of culture, thus cultural patterns of the modern Cossacks got changed. At the same time, new cultural traditions and norms were “invented”. Their function was to fix Cossacks identity and to show that the Cossacks do exist in the social life of the country. The adaptation of the traditions and historical elements of the Cossack socio-cultural system had its peculiarities. The traditions and elements were taken from different epochs and formed an arbitrary composition of different cultural phenomena. Traditions played an important role in the Cossacks revival process because they acted as cultural identification markers for the Cossack community. For that reason even new cultural practices were given the appearance of traditions. Results. In the late 20th – early 21st centuries the restoration of the Cossack culture was actually its construction. A number of trends can be traced in the process. They developed concurrently and contributed to the creation of new cultural milieu.


2019 ◽  
pp. 159-162
Author(s):  
Dana Seitler

How should we think about the link between aesthetics and politics in the twenty-first century? Has the conjunction that seemed so forcefully to tie aesthetics, culture, and politics together over the past two centuries dissolved due to neoliberal changes in social life and the processes of advanced global capitalism? The idea that cultural forms and practices are a site at which political realities, hopes, challenges, and anxieties are not merely expressed (whether directly or symptomatically) but constitute a space in which politics are engendered has informed my treatment of art and culture and their social function throughout this study, but not only mine. Starting with the formulation of the connection between the beautiful and freedom in ...


2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Anne Greice Soares La Regina

Resumo: O presente artigo, trabalho de pesquisa bibliográfica com viés qualitativo, empreende um recorte histórico das discussões em torno da metaficção historiográfica e da metabiografia num período que compreende o final do século XX. Esta investigação busca demonstrar o modo pelo qual estas narrativas se configuraram como respostas da arte e da cultura a fenômenos complexos, determinados pela crise do regime modernista de historicidade que encontrou ressonância também nas concepções pós-modernistas que, por sua vez, retomaram as discussões acerca das contradições do próprio modernismo e recuperaram o debate acerca da dicotomia entre altas artes e cultura de massa. A conjuntura pós-modernista se afigura ainda hoje também como espaço no qual se instauram debates sobre questões que emergem de uma sociedade fortemente marcada pelo capitalismo global e pelas tecnologias da comunicação que, produzindo uma sobrecarga de informações, gera a necessidade premente de frear este desgaste do tempo, organizar e apreender o passado, de onde surgem os discursos sobre a memória e todas as interpretações do tempo. Este apelo à releitura acaba por produzir uma poética da [re]criação que se alimenta dos resíduos culturais do passado. Como lastros teóricos das análises propostas sobre a metaficção, privilegia-se, sobretudo, o pensamento de Linda Hutcheon sobre as poéticas pós-modernistas em conjunção com o conceito de historiofagia de Walter Moser, bem como com as transformações no pensamento historiográfico promovido por Les Annales e desenvolvido pelo micro-história.Palavras-chave: metaficção historiográfica; metabiografia; poéticas pós-modernistas; Les Annales; micro-história.Abstract: This article is a bibliographic research with a qualitative bias on historiographical metafiction and metabiography in the last two decades of the 20th century, aiming to explain how these narratives arose as responses of art and culture to complex phenomena, determined by a crisis of the modernist regime of historicity that meets resonance also in the postmodernist conceptions that resume discussions about the contradictions of modernism itself and recover the debate about the dichotomy between high arts and mass culture. The postmodernist conjuncture also appears as a space in which debates on issues that emerge from a society strongly marked by global capitalism and communication technologies are established and, producing an information overload, generate the need to organize and apprehend the past, from where the speeches about memory and all interpretations of time arise. This appeal to re-reading ends up producing a poetics of [re]creation that feeds on the cultural residues of the past. As theoretical backbones of the proposed analyses of metafiction, Linda Hutcheon’s work about postmodernist poetics in conjunction with Walter Moser’s concept of historiography is privileged, as well as with the transformations in the historiographic thought promoted by Les Annales and developed by microhistory.Keywords: historiographical metafiction; metabiography; postmodernist poetics; Les Annales; microhistory.


2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  

For almost 20 years after the end of World War II, many Japanese women were challenged by a dark secondary hyper pigmentation on their faces. The causation of this condition was unknown and incurable at the time. However this symptom became curable after a number of new cosmetic allergens were discovered through patch tests and as an aftermath, various cosmetics and soaps that eliminated all these allergens were put into production to be used exclusively for these patients. An international research project conducted by seven countries was set out to find out the new allergens and discover non-allergic cosmetic materials. Due to these efforts, two disastrous cosmetic primary sensitizers were banned and this helped to decrease allergic cosmetic dermatitis. Towards the end of the 20th century, the rate of positives among cosmetic sensitizers decreased to levels of 5% - 8% and have since maintained its rates into the 21th century. Currently, metal ions such as the likes of nickel have been identified as being the most common allergens found in cosmetics and cosmetic instruments. They often produce rosacea-like facial dermatitis and therefore allergen controlled soaps and cosmetics have been proved to be useful in recovering normal skin conditions.


2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-23
Author(s):  
Viara Gyurova

Since the beginning of the last decade of the past 20th century, Bulgaria has entered a new, complex stage of its development, with many reforms. Education and teacher training reforms are influenced by the global and European trends, as well as by the national changes (political, economical, social, and technological). The author analyses the main characteristics of the changed teacher training system and teacher qualification and development system. Some of the challenges and directions of the transformation and future development of the teacher education and qualification in Bulgaria are discussed.


1963 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 424-442
Author(s):  
Jamila Akhtar

This review of the Literacy and Education Bklletin1 of the 1961 Census is fourth in the series of review articles published in this journal2. The Bulletin under review forms a part of the interim report on the characteristics of the population of Pakistan. It gives information on the number of illiterate and literate persons by age and sex for rural and urban areas on division and district basis; illiterate and literate.population in selected cities and towns; and the educational levels attained by the literate population by age and sex for divisions and districts. Relevant statistical notes and statements precede the tables in the Bulletin. The objective of this review is to describe the meaningfulness and significance of literacy statistics. To this end, a distinction is made between formal and functional levels of literacy. Comparisons of the 1951 and 1961 census figures are undertaken to indicate the progress of literacy and education during the past decade with reference to the effect of intercensal rate of population growth on such progress. Certain questions regarding the reliability of data are raised, which emphasize the need for caution in the interpretation of literacy statistics.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (11-1) ◽  
pp. 263-279
Author(s):  
Alexander Kodintsev ◽  
Danil Rybin

The study analyzes historical researches on the life and work of the outstanding Russian lawyer A. F. Koni. It is noted that several directions in the study of the personality of this figure can be distinguished. It is concluded that systematic study of the legacy of Koni in the context of the era, taking into account the accumulated knowledge, coupled with archival materials will recreate the real face of the remarkable humanist figure of Russia in the past era.


Author(s):  
Mohamed Ibrahim Elzagheid

: Nucleosides and their analogues have been in use for many years and have become essential for treating patients with viral infections. Many additional nucleoside drugs have been approved over the past decades. This strongly demonstrates how important these compounds are and the crucial role they play. Given that a significant amount of research and literature has been documented regarding nucleoside analogues, this review article mainly focuses the discussion on nucleosides and nucleoside analogous that have proven to play significant role or be emerging in the treatment of known viral infections. This covers the names, structures, applications, toxicity, and mode of action of relevant nucleoside analogues.


Author(s):  
Ayesha Jalil ◽  
Yaxin O Yang ◽  
Zhendong Chen ◽  
Rongxuan Jia ◽  
Tianhao Bi ◽  
...  

: Hypervalent iodine reagents are a class of non-metallic oxidants have been widely used in the construction of several sorts of bond formations. This surging interest in hypervalent iodine reagents is essentially due to their very useful oxidizing properties, combined with their benign environmental character and commercial availability from the past few decades ago. Furthermore, these hypervalent iodine reagents have been used in the construction of many significant building blocks and privileged scaffolds of bioactive natural products. The purpose of writing this review article is to explore all the transformations in which carbon-oxygen bond formation occurred by using hypervalent iodine reagents under metal-free conditions


2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Bagnell ◽  
T. DeVries

AbstractThe historical evolution of Earth’s energy imbalance can be quantified by changes in the global ocean heat content. However, historical reconstructions of ocean heat content often neglect a large volume of the deep ocean, due to sparse observations of ocean temperatures below 2000 m. Here, we provide a global reconstruction of historical changes in full-depth ocean heat content based on interpolated subsurface temperature data using an autoregressive artificial neural network, providing estimates of total ocean warming for the period 1946-2019. We find that cooling of the deep ocean and a small heat gain in the upper ocean led to no robust trend in global ocean heat content from 1960-1990, implying a roughly balanced Earth energy budget within −0.16 to 0.06 W m−2 over most of the latter half of the 20th century. However, the past three decades have seen a rapid acceleration in ocean warming, with the entire ocean warming from top to bottom at a rate of 0.63 ± 0.13 W m−2. These results suggest a delayed onset of a positive Earth energy imbalance relative to previous estimates, although large uncertainties remain.


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