A novel endovenous scaffold for the treatment of chronic venous obstruction in a porcine model: Histological and ultrastructural assessment

2018 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 336-346
Author(s):  
Paolo Zamboni ◽  
Alessia Giaquinta ◽  
Erika Rimondi ◽  
Massimo Pedriali ◽  
Eugenio Scanziani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Porcine Model ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Venous Obstruction ◽  
Jugular Veins ◽  
Transmission Microscopy ◽  
Chronic Venous Obstruction ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Venous Wall ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Objective To investigate the biological effects of a novel endovenous scaffold in a porcine model. Methods Petalo is a compliant venous scaffold implanted into the internal jugular veins of 12 healthy pigs. The pigs were sacrificed at one, two, three, and six months, respectively. Microscopic investigations were performed at two blinded laboratories. Results Neo-intima formation progressively covering up the stent metallic bars was observed. The inflammatory response of the venous wall showed a peak after three months by the implant, followed by marked reduction after six months. The device induced a significant ( p < 0.01) increase of the thickness respect to the control regions, but was comparable in sections obtained after three and six months. Conclusions The implant of Petalo compliant venous scaffold in the venous wall of this porcine model is characterized by neointima formation and by an inflammatory reaction which tends to decrease after six months. Our data point against the induction of smooth muscle cells proliferation and migration as confirmed by electronic transmission microscopy analyses.

scholarly journals The Parotoid Gland Secretion from Peruvian Toad Rhinella horribilis (Wiegmann, 1833): Chemical Composition and Effect on the Proliferation and Migration of Lung Cancer Cells

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann ◽  
Jean Paulo de Andrade ◽  
Marilú Roxana Soto-Vasquez ◽  
Paul Alan Arkin Alvarado-García ◽  
Charlotte Palominos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
A549 Cells ◽  
Bioactive Substances ◽  
M Phase ◽  
Ic50 Values ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Induced Apoptosis ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Since Rhinella sp. toads produce bioactive substances, some species have been used in traditional medicine and magical practices by ancient cultures in Peru. During several decades, the Rhinella horribilis toad was confused with the invasive toad Rhinella marina, a species documented with extensive toxinological studies. In contrast, the chemical composition and biological effects of the parotoid gland secretions (PGS) remain still unknown for R. horribilis. In this work, we determine for the first time 55 compounds from the PGS of R. horribilis, which were identified using HPLC-MS/MS. The crude extract inhibited the proliferation of A549 cancer cells with IC50 values of 0.031 ± 0.007 and 0.015 ± 0.001 µg/mL at 24 and 48 h of exposure, respectively. Moreover, it inhibited the clonogenic capacity, increased ROS levels, and prevented the etoposide-induced apoptosis, suggesting that the effect of R. horribilis poison secretion was by cell cycle blocking before of G2/M-phase checkpoint. Fraction B was the most active and strongly inhibited cancer cell migration. Our results indicate that the PGS of R. horribilis are composed of alkaloids, bufadienolides, and argininyl diacids derivatives, inhibiting the proliferation and migration of A549 cells.

scholarly journals Proinsulin Binds with High Affinity the Insulin Receptor Isoform A and Predominantly Activates the Mitogenic Pathway

Endocrinology ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 153 (5) ◽  
pp. 2152-2163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Malaguarnera ◽  
Antonella Sacco ◽  
Concetta Voci ◽  
Giuseppe Pandini ◽  
Riccardo Vigneri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Receptor ◽  
Metabolic Activity ◽  
Human Cancer ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Similar Degree ◽  
Human Cancer Cell Lines ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
Igf I ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Proinsulin is generally regarded as an inactive prohormone because of its low metabolic activity. However, proinsulin appears to regulate embryo development in animal models. In this study, we evaluated whether proinsulin may differentially bind to and activate the two insulin receptor (IR) isoforms (IR-A and IR-B), because IR-A is a relatively low-specificity receptor that is prevalent in fetal and cancer cells and is able to mediate the growth effects of IGF-II. Mouse R− fibroblasts devoid of IGF-I receptor (IGF-IR) and stably transfected with cDNA encoding either human IR-A or IR-B (R− /IR-A and R− /IR-B cells) were used. Three human cancer cell lines were also studied. We found that proinsulin stimulated phosphorylation of IR-A with an EC50 of 4.5 ± 0.6 nm and displaced [125I]insulin from IR-A with a similar EC50. In contrast, proinsulin EC50 values for stimulation of IR-B phosphorylation and for [125I]insulin displacement from IR-B were approximately 7-fold higher. Proinsulin did not bind or activate IGF-IR or IR/IGF-IR hybrids. Via IR-A, proinsulin activated the ERK/p70S6K pathway to a similar degree as insulin but elicited a weaker Akt response. Despite its low metabolic activity, proinsulin was almost equipotent as insulin in inducing cell proliferation and migration in cells expressing various IR-A levels. In conclusion, proinsulin is a selective IR-A ligand and may induce biological effects through this IR isoform.

scholarly journals Soyabean glyceollins: biological effects and relevance to human health

2011 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 166-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo Jung Kim ◽  
Ji-Sun Lim ◽  
Woo-Keun Kim ◽  
Jong-Sang Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Breast Cancer Cells ◽  
De Novo ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Physical Damage ◽  
Aortic Smooth Muscle ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

Glyceollins, one family of phytoalexins, are de novo synthesised from daidzein in the soyabean upon exposure to some types of fungus. The efficiency of glyceollin production appears to be influenced by soyabean variety, fungal species, and the degree of physical damage to the soyabean. The compounds have been shown to have strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, and to inhibit the proliferation and migration of human aortic smooth muscle cells, suggesting their potential to prevent atherosclerosis. It has also been reported that glyceollins have inhibited the growth of prostate and breast cancer cells in xenograft animal models, which is probably due to their anti-oestrogenic activity. In essence, glyceollins deserve further animal and clinical studies to confirm their health benefits.

scholarly journals BOP1 Knockdown Attenuates Neointimal Hyperplasia by Activating p53 and Inhibiting Nascent Protein Synthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Fangyuan Jia ◽  
Qi Wu ◽  
Zhiwei Wang ◽  
Min Zhang ◽  
Shun Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Stress Response ◽  
Ribosome Biogenesis ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Neointimal Hyperplasia ◽  
Neointimal Formation ◽  
Vsmc Proliferation ◽  
Stress Response Pathway ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

The rate of ribosome biogenesis plays a vital role in cell cycle progression and proliferation and is strongly connected with coronary restenosis and atherosclerosis. Blocking of proliferation 1 (BOP1) has been found as an evolutionarily conserved gene and a pivotal regulator of ribosome biogenesis and cell proliferation. However, little is known about its role in neointimal formation and its relationship with vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation and migration. The present study mainly explores the effect of BOP1 on VSMCs, the progression of neointimal hyperplasia, and the pathogenic mechanism. The expression of BOP1 was found to be significantly elevated during neointimal formation in human coronary samples and the rat balloon injury model. BOP1 knockdown inspires the nucleolus stress, which subsequently activates the p53-dependent stress response pathway, and inhibits the nascent protein synthesis, which subsequently inhibits the proliferation and migration of VSMCs. Knockdown ribosomal protein L11 (RPL11) by transfecting with siRNA or inhibiting p53 by pifithrin-α (PFT-α) partly reserved the biological effects induced by BOP1 knockdown. The present study revealed that BOP1 deletion attenuates VSMC proliferation and migration by activating the p53-dependent nucleolus stress response pathway and inhibits the synthesis of nascent proteins. BOP1 may become a novel biological target for neointimal hyperplasia.

Role of microenvironment on proliferation and migration of an SDHB silenced murine Pheochromocytoma cell line

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serena Martinelli ◽  
Vanessa D'Antongiovanni ◽  
Susan Richter ◽  
Letizia Canu ◽  
Tonino Ercolino ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Pheochromocytoma Cell ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

ARFGAP3 an androgen target gene promotes prostate cancer cell proliferation and migration.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lungwani Muungo
Keyword(s):  
Cell Proliferation ◽  
Cancer Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Adaptor Protein ◽  
Cancer Cell Proliferation ◽  
Lncap Cells ◽  
Gtpase Activating Protein ◽  
Cell Proliferation And Migration ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Proliferation And Migration

ADP ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 (ARFGAP3) is a GTPase-activating protein that associates with the Golgiapparatus and regulates the vesicular trafficking pathway. In the present study, we examined the contribution of ARFGAP3 toprostate cancer cell biology. We showed that ARFGAP3 expression was induced by 100 nM of dihydrotestosterone (DHT) atboth the mRNA and protein levels in androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells. We generated stable transfectants of LNCaP cells withFLAG-tagged ARFGAP3 or a control empty vector and showed that ARFGAP3 overexpression promoted cell proliferation andmigration compared with control cells. We found that ARFGAP3 interacted with paxillin, a focal adhesion adaptor protein thatis important for cell mobility and migration. Small interfering RNA (siRNA)-mediated knockdown of ARFGAP3 showed thatARFGAP3 siRNA markedly reduced LNCaP cell growth. Androgen receptor (AR)-dependent transactivation activity on prostatespecificantigen (PSA) enhancer was synergistically promoted by exogenous ARFGAP3 and paxillin expression, as shown byluciferase assay in LNCaP cells. Thus, our results suggest that ARFGAP3 is a novel androgen-regulated gene that can promoteprostate cancer cell proliferation and migration in collaboration with paxillin.

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