Associations Between Coping Strategies and Depressive Symptoms in Adolescence: A Longitudinal Perspective

2020 ◽  
pp. 027243162097853
Author(s):  
Karlijn W. J. de Jonge-Heesen ◽  
Sanne P. A. Rasing ◽  
Ad A. Vermulst ◽  
Yuli R. Tak ◽  
Rutger C. M. E. Engels ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
School Students ◽  
Reverse Relationship ◽  
Bidirectional Associations ◽  
Over Time

Adolescent depression is a major concern for public health and is associated with negative consequences and outcomes. Identifying adolescent characteristics that might relate to the risk for developing depression is crucial. This study investigated bidirectional associations between coping strategies and depressive symptoms over time. The participants were 1,341 secondary school students from the Netherlands ([Formula: see text] = 13.91, SD = 0.55, 47.5% girls) who completed self-report questionnaires at six waves over 2.5 years. Cross-lagged models were used to investigate the associations between coping strategies and depressive symptoms. Coping strategies did not predict depressive symptoms over time. However, there was an indication of the reverse relationship. When adolescents experienced elevated depressive symptoms, they used fewer adaptive techniques to target stress. Gender differences were found in the use of avoidance. The inconsistencies of these findings with earlier studies are discussed and provide new directions for future research on working mechanisms underlying depression prevention programs.

Does Homework “Matter” in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Adolescent Depression?

2012 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-404 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne D. Simons ◽  
C. Nathan Marti ◽  
Paul Rohde ◽  
Cara C. Lewis ◽  
John Curry ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Clinical Improvement ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Homework Completion ◽  
Over Time

Objective: Examine the degree to which homework completion is associated with various indices of clinical improvement in adolescents with depression treated with cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) either as a monotherapy and in combination with antidepressant medication. Method: This study used data from the Treatment of Adolescents with Depression Study (TADS), which compared the efficacy of CBT, fluoxetine (FLX), the combination of CBT and FLX (COMB), and a pill placebo (PBO; TADS Team, 2003, 2004, 2005). Current analyses included only TADS participants in the CBT (n = 111) or COMB (n = 107) conditions. Analyses focused on the relations between partial and full homework completion and a dichotomized measure of clinical response, evaluator and self-report ratings of depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and suicidality. Results: Homework completion significantly predicted clinical improvement, decrease in self-reported hopelessness, suicidality, and depression—but not in evaluator-rated depressive symptoms—in adolescents treated with CBT only. These relationships were almost completely absent in the COMB condition. The only significant COMB finding was that partially completed homework was related to decrease in hopelessness over time. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the ability of therapists and clients to collaboratively develop and complete between-session assignments is associated with response to CBT, self-report of severity of depressive symptoms, hopelessness, and suicidality and may be integral to optimizing the effects of CBT when delivered as a monotherapy.

scholarly journals Cybervictimisation and depressive symptoms among adolescents: A moderated mediation model

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Teresa Chamizo-Nieto ◽  
Lourdes Rey
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Cognitive Coping ◽  
Cognitive Emotion Regulation ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Moderated Mediation Model ◽  
Frequent Use

AbstractRecently, there has been an increase in the problem of cyberbullying all over the world, which implies important negative consequences for adolescent victims’ mental health, such as depression. There are few research studies that analyse the role of gratitude and cognitive coping strategies for the consequences of cybervictimisation. To date, there are few studies examining the influence of both these resources in a cyberbullying context. Therefore, the objectives of this research were to analyse the mediating role of maladaptive cognitive emotion regulation strategies (CERS) in the relationship between cybervictimisation and depressive symptoms, and to explore the potential moderating role of gratitude among the study variables. A sample of 1156 students between 12 and 18 years (54.33% females) filled out self-report questionnaires measuring cybervictimisation (ECIPQ), cognitive coping strategies (CERQ-SA), depressive symptoms (DASS-21) and gratitude (GQ-5). The outcomes showed that maladaptive CERS partially mediated the relation between cybervictimisation and depressive symptoms. Furthermore, gratitude buffered the relation between maladaptive CERS and depressive symptoms. These findings provide evidence for the buffering role of gratitude in a more frequent use of maladaptive CERS and depressive symptoms in cybervictimisation. The limitations and implications of the study are discussed.

Determining Emotional Tone and Verbal Behavior in Patients With Tinnitus and Hyperacusis: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 660-672
Author(s):  
Suzanne H. Kimball ◽  
Toby Hamilton ◽  
Erin Benear ◽  
Jonathan Baldwin
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Verbal Behavior ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Mixed Methods Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Anxiety And Depression ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Emotional Tone ◽  
Explanatory Mixed Methods ◽  
Quantitative Results

Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the emotional tone and verbal behavior of social media users who self-identified as having tinnitus and/or hyperacusis that caused self-described negative consequences on daily life or health. Research Design and Method An explanatory mixed-methods design was utilized. Two hundred “initial” and 200 “reply” Facebook posts were collected from members of a tinnitus group and a hyperacusis group. Data were analyzed via the LIWC 2015 software program and compared to typical bloggers. As this was an explanatory mixed-methods study, we used qualitative thematic analyses to explain, interpret, and illustrate the quantitative results. Results Overall, quantitative results indicated lower overall emotional tone for all categories (tinnitus and hyperacusis, initial and reply), which was mostly influenced by higher negative emotion. Higher levels of authenticity or truth were found in the hyperacusis sample but not in the tinnitus sample. Lower levels of clout (social standing) were indicated in all groups, and a lower level of analytical thinking style (concepts and complex categories rather than narratives) was found in the hyperacusis sample. Additional analysis of the language indicated higher levels of sadness and anxiety in all groups and lower levels of anger, particularly for initial replies. These data support prior findings indicating higher levels of anxiety and depression in this patient population based on the actual words in blog posts and not from self-report questionnaires. Qualitative results identified 3 major themes from both the tinnitus and hyperacusis texts: suffering, negative emotional tone, and coping strategies. Conclusions Results from this study suggest support for the predominant clinical view that patients with tinnitus and hyperacusis have higher levels of anxiety and depression than the general population. The extent of the suffering described and patterns of coping strategies suggest clinical practice patterns and the need for research in implementing improved practice plans.

Changes in Middle School Students’ Motivation Toward Physical Education Over One School Year

2009 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 378-399 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zan Gao ◽  
Amelia M. Lee ◽  
Melinda A. Solmon ◽  
Tao Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Middle School ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Middle School Students ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Educational Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Task Values ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Over Time

This study investigated the relationships and mean-level changes of middle school students’ motivation (expectancy-related beliefs, task values, self-efficacy, and outcome expectancy) toward physical education over time, and how gender affected students’ motivation. Participants (N = 206) completed questionnaires over a 1-year period: once in the sixth and seventh grades and again in the seventh and eighth grades. Results yielded that self-efficacy and task values were positive predictors of students’ intention across cohorts. The mean levels of self-efficacy decreased over time for students in Cohort 1 (across sixth and seventh grades). However, results revealed a consistent decline in the mean levels of other motivational variables for both cohorts. No gender differences emerged for the variables. The findings are discussed in regard to the implications for educational practice, and future research areas are presented.

scholarly journals Longitudinal Relationships Between Subjective Cognitive Decline and Objective Memory: Depressive Symptoms Mediate Between-Person Associations

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Nikki L. Hill ◽  
Sakshi Bhargava ◽  
Emily Bratlee-Whitaker ◽  
Jennifer R. Turner ◽  
Monique J. Brown ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Subjective Cognitive Decline ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Over Time

Background: Subjective cognitive decline (SCD) may be an early indicator of cognitive impairment, but depressive symptoms can confound this relationship. Associations may be influenced by differences between individuals (i.e., between-persons) or how each individual changes in their experiences over time (i.e., within-persons). Objective: We examined depressive symptoms as a mediator of the between- and within-person associations of SCD and objective memory in older adults. Methods: Coordinated analyses were conducted across four datasets drawn from large longitudinal studies. Samples (range: n = 1,889 to n = 15,841) included participants 65 years of age or older with no dementia at baseline. We used multilevel structural equation modeling to examine the mediation of SCD and objective memory through depressive symptoms, as well as direct relationships among SCD, objective memory, and depressive symptoms. Results: Older adults who were more likely to report SCD had lower objective memory on average (between-person associations), and depressive symptoms partially mediated this relationship in three of four datasets. However, changes in depressive symptoms did not mediate the relationship between reports of SCD and declines in objective memory in three of four datasets (within-person associations). Conclusion: Individual differences in depressive symptoms, and not changes in an individual’s depressive symptoms over time, partially explain the link between SCD and objective memory. Older adults with SCD and depressive symptoms may be at greater risk for poor cognitive outcomes. Future research should explore how perceived changes in memory affect other aspects of psychological well-being, and how these relationships influence cognitive decline and Alzheimer’s disease risk.

scholarly journals Coping Patterns Among Primary Informal Dementia Caregivers in Singapore and Its Impact on Caregivers—Implications of a Latent Class Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi Yuan ◽  
Peizhi Wang ◽  
Tee Hng Tan ◽  
Fiona Devi ◽  
Daniel Poremski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Latent Class Analysis ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Personal Characteristics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Class Analysis ◽  
Dementia Caregivers ◽  
Design And Methods ◽  
Coping Patterns

Abstract Background and Objectives Existing studies typically explore the factor structure of coping strategies among dementia caregivers. However, this approach overlooks the fact that caregivers often use different coping strategies simultaneously. This study aims to explore the coping patterns of primary informal dementia caregivers in Singapore, examine their significant correlates, and investigate whether different patterns would affect the depressive symptoms of caregivers. Research Design and Methods Two hundred eighty-one primary informal caregivers of persons with dementia (PWD) were assessed. Coping strategies were measured by the Brief Coping Orientation to Problem Experienced inventory. A latent class analysis was performed to explore caregivers’ coping patterns, followed by logistic regressions to identify the significant correlates and the relationships between coping patterns and caregiver depression. Results The latent class analysis suggested a three-class solution that was featured by the frequency and variety of coping strategies used by caregivers—high coping (36.3%), medium coping (37.7%), and low coping (26.0%). Factors influencing the coping patterns of our sample were mainly related to caregivers’ individual resources such as personal characteristics and caregiving stressors like PWD’s problematic behaviors and caregiving burden. Compared to caregivers in the low coping group, those in the medium coping group had significantly higher risks of potential depression. Discussion and Implications The current study confirmed that there are distinct coping patterns among primary informal dementia caregivers, and caregivers with the low coping pattern had fewer depressive symptoms. Future research is needed to explore if coping patterns from our sample are generalizable to dementia caregivers elsewhere.

Emotion regulation and depressive symptoms during adolescence: A functionalist perspective

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 183-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roger Kobak ◽  
Rayanne Ferenz-Gillies
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Intimate Relationships ◽  
Adolescent Depression ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
The Family ◽  
Increase Risk

AbstractThis paper uses a functionalist view of emotion to consider family factors that create risk for depressive symptoms in adolescents. Two adolescent siblings and their mothers were assessed for emotion regulation during autonomy-related communication tasks, whereas their mother's attachment- and intimacy-related functioning was assessed through interview and self-report. The results indicate that older teens' failure to establish autonomous stances during communication and their mothers' dissatisfaction with intimate relationships increase risk for teenagers reporting depressive symptoms. Further, mothers' preoccupation attachment-related issues was found to be associated with less autonomous communication from older teenagers. Implications of these findings and future directions for investigating the family factors associated with adolescent depression are discussed.

Work-Related Skills Awareness in High-School Students with Diabilities

2002 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michele E. Capella ◽  
Richard T. Roessler ◽  
Karl M. Hemmerla
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
Students With Disabilities ◽  
Employment Outcomes ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
School Students ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Expert Ratings

This study investigated the work-related skills awareness levels of high school students with disabilities by comparing expert ratings and student self-report ratings. This issue is considered important because (a) evidence indicates that lack of awareness is associated with poor employment outcomes and (b) young persons with disabilities are known to experience employment difficulties. Substantial deficits in awareness were found, with the majority of students overestimating their abilities, as hypothesized. In addition, students perceived by adult raters as having greater employability assets tended to be more accurate in their work-related skills awareness. Suggestions for interventions and future research needed in this area are included.

scholarly journals Joint Trajectories of Spousal Social Support and Depressive Symptoms in Older Age

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 760-782 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai Stafford ◽  
Toni C. Antonucci ◽  
Paola Zaninotto
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Bidirectional Associations ◽  
Negative Support ◽  
Positive Support ◽  
Over Time

Objective: We describe changes in depressive symptoms and positive and negative social support from the spouse/partner in a representative sample of older people in England. Method: Men and women aged 50+ ( N = 7,171) from the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing reported social support and depressive symptoms (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale) on up to five occasions between 2002-2003 and 2010-2011. Parallel process latent growth models estimated their bidirectional associations, adjusted for gender, wealth, education, and limiting illness. Results: In age- and gender-adjusted models, positive spousal support decreased and negative support increased over time, especially among women. Greater increases over time in depressive symptoms were seen in those with lower positive support or higher negative support at baseline. More baseline depressive symptoms predicted greater declines in positive support and greater increases in negative support from the spouse. Discussion: Improving older couple’s relationship quality may help reduce depressive symptoms.

Personal Identity in College and the Work Context: Developmental Trajectories and Psychosocial Functioning

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Koen Luyckx ◽  
Theo A. Klimstra ◽  
Seth J. Schwartz ◽  
Bart Duriez
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Identity Formation ◽  
Personal Identity ◽  
Community Integration ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Identity Status ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Over Time

Personal identity formation represents a core developmental challenge for adolescents and young adults. Because much of the identity literature focuses on college students, it is necessary to conduct a detailed inquiry into the ways in which specific commitment and exploration processes develop over time for college students and for employed individuals. Two samples (456 college students and 318 employed individuals) were used to identify identity status trajectories over time and to examine external correlates of these trajectories (i.e. depressive symptoms, self–esteem, identity centrality, community integration, and sense of adulthood). Similar identity trajectories emerged in both college students and employed individuals. Four of these trajectories corresponded to Marcia's identity statuses. In addition, apart from the ‘classical’ or troubled diffusion trajectory, a carefree diffusion trajectory was also obtained. Whereas individuals on an identity–achieved pathway fared best in terms of the outcome measures, individuals in the troubled diffusion trajectory fared worst in terms of self–esteem, depressive symptoms, and community integration over time. Implications and suggestions for future research are discussed. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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