Nephropathy Induced by Intramuscularly Administered Glycerol and Contrast Media in Rats

Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT, sodium, and phosphate) were followed for 14 days after intravenous injection of either diatrizoate, iohexol, ioxilan, or saline in 24 Wistar rats with a glomerular and tubular dysfunction induced by intramuscularly (i.m.) administered glycerol. Another 6 rats exposed to neither glycerol nor contrast media served as controls. The effect of ioxilan and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate and iohexol increased it significantly. The contrast media had no further inhibitory effect on the reabsorption of glucose. Iohexol caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes, ioxilan of NAG and LDH, whereas diatrizoate only increased the excretion of LDH. The sodium excretion was further increased by ioxilan and diatrizoate, whereas none of the contrast media affected the phosphaturia. Both ioxilan and iohexol caused a round cell response around the tubules shown by light microscopy whereas diatrizoate caused no further changes. It is concluded that diatrizoate and iohexol increase glomerular dysfunction induced by glycerol i.m.; all three contrast media cause some further increase in the tubular dysfunction. Neither diatrizoate, iohexol nor ioxilan prolong nephropathy induced by glycerol i.m. determined by the chemical analyses. The histologic finding indicates a direct toxic effect of non-ionic low osmolar contrast media in this animal model of nephropathy.

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Nephrotoxicity of Cyclosporin a and Contrast Media

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/028418518903000615 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 30 (6) ◽

pp. 647-653 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

H. S. Thomsen ◽

S. Larsen ◽

P. Skaarup ◽

L. Hemmingsen ◽

H. Dieperink ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Weight ◽

Contrast Media ◽

Light Microscopy ◽

Cyclosporin A ◽

Contrast Medium ◽

Intravenous Injection ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Peroral Administration ◽

Albumin Excretion

Urine profiles (albumin, glucose, NAG, LDH, GGT and sodium) were followed for 22 h or 8 days after intravenous injection of diatrizoate, iohexol or saline in 30 adult Wistar rats in which nephrotoxicity was induced by daily peroral administration of 25 mg/kg body weight cyclosporin A over a 14-day period. Another 10 rats which had the vehicle of the cyclosporin A solution (placebo) and saline injected intravenously served as controls. The effect of iohexol and saline on the albumin excretion was similar, whereas diatrizoate increased it significantly. Both contrast media caused significantly increased excretion of all three enzymes. The contrast media had no effect on the excretion of glucose and sodium. Except for the fact that the excretion of NAG was significantly higher following iohexol than following diatrizoate 24 to 46 h after injection no significant differences between the two media were found from 24 h after injection among the rats given cyclosporin A. No contrast medium related changes were found by light microscopy of the kidneys. Neither iohexol nor diatrizoate potentiate acute cyclosporin A nephrotoxcity.

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Comparative neurotoxicity of iobitridol with iohexol by intracisternal administration in Wistar rats

Semina Ciências Agrárias ◽

10.5433/1679-0359.2017v38n1p221 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 38 (1) ◽

pp. 221

Author(s):

Fabíola Peixoto da Silva Mello ◽

Rafael Stedile ◽

Aline Da Silva Gouvêa ◽

Clarissa Boemler Hollenbach ◽

Eduardo Conceição de Oliveira ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Body Weight ◽

Contrast Media ◽

Contrast Agent ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Control Group ◽

Iodinated Contrast ◽

Iodinated Contrast Agent ◽

Food And Water Intake ◽

Fluid Control

Iobitridol is a tri-iodinated contrast agent, and neurotoxicologic studies of the intracisternal administration are scarce and inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to compare the neurotoxicity of iobitridol with iohexol, by intracisternal administration in Wistar rats, for a pre-clinical evaluation of its use as a myelographic agent. The animals, a total of 75, were divided into three experimental groups, iobitridol, iohexol and cerebral artificial fluid (control group), with 25 animals per group. Then, these were divided into five subgroups of five animals each, and given doses of 200, 400, 600, 800 and 1000 mg kg-1, while the control group received the equivalent volumes of contrast media tested. The animals were evaluated after 5, 15, 30, 60, 120, 180 and 240 min of intracisternal administration of these substances, for signs of depression and excitement, tactile palmar grasp, flexor, extensor, palpebral, papillary and pinna reflexes, surface righting and placing reactions, and with an auditory startle test. The evaluations were assessed daily for seven days with these parameters and their body weight, food, and water intake were also measured. There were no statistically significant differences between groups tested with respect to any of the evaluated parameters. In other words, in this animal model, the iobitridol demonstrated a low neurotoxicologic potential, comparable to that observed with iohexol. Further study with dogs and cats, as an alternative, is suggested.

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Low Serum Levels of Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 in Gunn Rats: A Hyperbilirubinemia Animal Model of Schizophrenic Symptoms

CNS & Neurological Disorders - Drug Targets ◽

10.2174/1871527319999200729153907 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 19 (7) ◽

pp. 503-508

Author(s):

Maiko Hayashida ◽

Sadayuki Hashioka ◽

Kenji Hayashida ◽

Shoko Miura ◽

Keiko Tsuchie ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Growth Factor ◽

Fibroblast Growth Factor ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Serum Levels ◽

Significant Negative Correlation ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Normal Strain ◽

Fibroblast Growth ◽

Gunn Rats

Background: Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2 (also referred to as basic FGF) is a multifunctional growth factor that plays a pivotal role in the pro-survival, pro-migration and pro-differentiation of neurons. Method: Because alterations in FGF2 levels are suggested to contribute to the pathogenesis schizophrenia, we investigated serum levels of FGF2 in the Gunn rat, a hyperbilirubinemia animal model of schizophrenic symptoms. Results: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay showed that the serum levels of FGF2 in Gunn rats were 5.09 ± 0.236 pg/mL, while those in the normal strain Wistar rats were 11.90 ± 2.142 pg/mL. The serum FGF2 levels in Gunn rats were significantly lower than those in Wistar rats. We also measured serum levels of unconjugated bilirubin (UCB) and found a significant negative correlation between UCB and FGF2 at serum levels in all the rats studied. Conclusion: Since it is known that FGF2 regulates dopaminergic neurons and have anti-neuroinflammatory effects, our finding suggests that low FGF2 levels may contribute to the pathogenesis of schizophrenia, in which disbalanced dopamin-ergic signaling and neuroinflammation are supposed to play certain roles.

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The inhibitory effect of 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide (4-HPR) on metastasis of prostate adenocarinoma-III cells in Lobund-Wistar rats

Cancer Letters ◽

10.1016/0304-3835(91)90181-g ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 159-163 ◽

Cited By ~ 31

Author(s):

M. Pollard ◽

P.H. Luckert

Keyword(s):

Wistar Rats ◽

Inhibitory Effect

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Determination of the L-ascorbic acid requirements in Wistar osteogenic disorder Shionogi rats for prolonged carcinogenesis experiments

Laboratory Animals ◽

10.1258/002367796780739826 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 30 (4) ◽

pp. 337-346 ◽

Cited By ~ 10

Author(s):

S. W. Y. Chan ◽

P. C. Reade

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Drinking Water ◽

Normal Level ◽

Physical Condition ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Supplement Group ◽

Palatal Mucosa

Wistar Shionogi rats of the ( od/od) substrain with the osteogenic disorder are unable to synthesize L-ascorbic acid ( L-AA) and appear to be an appropriate animal model for studying the effect of L-AA in carcinogenesis. To determine the minimal L-AA requirements of these animals for prolonged survival in a satisfactory physical condition during experimentation, four concentrations of L-AA (0.33 g/l, 0.67 g/l, 1.67 g/l and 3.33 g/l) were administered via drinking water to four groups of animals ( n=2). Their water intake per cage was recorded three times weekly and the plasma L-AA levels were determined at the start, after 2, 4, 8 and 12 weeks and at the termination of the experiment. To simulate the procedures to be undertaken in oral mucosal carcinogenesis experiments, the animals were gently restrained and a designated amount of sterile NaCl was applied to the palatal mucosa three times a week for 26 weeks. The L-AA supplement group with the lowest concentration (0.33 g/l L-AA) achieved mean plasma levels of 7 ± 1.38 μM, approximately one-eighth that of the normal level (mean plasma L-AA level in outbred Wistar rats was found to be 58 ± 3 μM) whilst those in the higher supplement group (3.33 g/l L-AA) achieved a mean of 18 ± 1.25 μM. All of the animals employed in the present study survived for 26 weeks and showed no clinical signs of L-AA deficiency during this period.

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Contrasting Roles of Ang II and ACEA in the Regulation of IL10 and IL1β Gene Expression in Primary SHR Astroglial Cultures

Molecules ◽

10.3390/molecules26103012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 26 (10) ◽

pp. 3012

Author(s):

Dhanush Haspula ◽

Michelle A. Clark

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Wistar Rats ◽

Gene Signature ◽

Brain Regions ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Ang Ii ◽

Cannabinoid Type 1 Receptor ◽

Il10 Gene ◽

Cerebellar Astrocytes

Angiotensin (Ang) II is well-known to have potent pro-oxidant and pro-inflammatory effects in the brain. Extensive crosstalk between the primary Ang II receptor, Ang type 1 receptor (AT1R), and the cannabinoid type 1 receptor (CB1R) has been demonstrated by various groups in the last decade. Since activation of glial CB1R has been demonstrated to play a key role in the resolution of inflammatory states, we investigated the role of Ang II (100 nM) and/or ACEA (10 nM), a potent CB1R-specific agonist in the regulation of inflammatory markers in astrocytes from spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar rats. Astrocytes were cultured from brainstems and cerebellums of SHR and Wistar rats and assayed for IL1β and IL10 gene expression and secreted fraction, in treated and non-treated cells, by employing qPCR and ELISA, respectively. mRNA expression of both IL10 and IL1β were significantly elevated in untreated brainstem and cerebellar astrocytes isolated from SHR when compared to Wistar astrocytes. No changes were observed in the secreted fraction. While ACEA-treatment resulted in a significant increase in IL10 gene expression in Wistar brainstem astrocytes (Log2FC ≥ 1, p < 0.05), its effect in SHR brainstem astrocytes was diminished. Ang II treatment resulted in a strong inhibitory effect on IL10 gene expression in astrocytes from both brain regions of SHR and Wistar rats (Log2FC ≤ −1, p < 0.05), and an increase in IL1β gene expression in brainstem astrocytes from both strains (Log2FC ≥ 1, p < 0.05). Co-treatment of Ang II and ACEA resulted in neutralization of Ang II-mediated effect in Wistar brainstem and cerebellar astrocytes, but not SHR astrocytes. Neither Ang II nor ACEA resulted in any significant changes in IL10 or IL1β secreted proteins. These data suggest that Ang II and ACEA have opposing roles in the regulation of inflammatory gene signature in astrocytes isolated from SHR and Wistar rats. This however does not translate into changes in their secreted fractions.

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Sex differences in the antithrombotic effects of aspirin

Blood ◽

10.1182/blood.v52.5.1073.1073 ◽

1978 ◽

Vol 52 (5) ◽

pp. 1073-1076 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

JG Kelton ◽

J Hirsh ◽

CJ Carter ◽

MR Buchanan

Keyword(s):

Clinical Trials ◽

Animal Model ◽

Arterial Thrombosis ◽

Sodium Salicylate ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Prostaglandin Synthesis ◽

Antithrombotic Effect ◽

Antithrombotic Agent ◽

Male And Female ◽

Antithrombotic Effects

Abstract Aspirin inhibits platelet function by acetylating platelet cyclooxygenase. Recent clinical trials indicate that aspirin is a promising antithrombotic agent against both venous and arterial thrombosis, but somewhat surprisingly this protective effect appears to be limited to males. To examine the potential sex-related differences in response to aspirin, we developed an animal model for quantitating fibrin accretion into an injury-induced thrombus and used it to study the effects of aspirin on thrombus size in male and female rabbits. Platelet prostaglandin synthesis was estimated by assay of platelet malondialdehyde and was significantly decreased in both male and female rabbits following treatment with 10 mg/kg aspirin (p less than 0.001). This inhibitory effect was not different for platelets from male and female rabbits. Thrombus size was significantly decreased in aspirin- treated male rabbits when compared to controls (p less than 0.05), but this aspirin effect was not apparent in female rabbits or rabbits of either sex treated with 10 mg/kg sodium salicylate. These findings support the results of clinical trials that were obtained by retrospective subgroup analysis. The reason for the sex difference is not known, but the findings raise an important issue in relationship to this mechanism of the antithrombotic effect of aspirin.

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Inhibitory Effect of Angelica keiskei Extract in an Atopic Dermatitis Animal Model

Korean Journal of Food Preservation ◽

10.11002/kjfp.2012.19.5.792 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 19 (5) ◽

pp. 792-798 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Min-A Kim ◽

Hyeong-U Son ◽

Dong-Yoon Nam ◽

Yong-Su Cha ◽

Yong-Kyu Shin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Animal Model ◽

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Angelica Keiskei

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Granulocyte Adherence is Inhibited by Radiographic Contrast Media in Vitro

Acta Radiologica ◽

10.1177/028418519203300419 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 33 (4) ◽

pp. 379-383 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

F. Rasmussen ◽

S. Antonsen ◽

J. Georgsen

Keyword(s):

Contrast Media ◽

Whole Blood ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Autologous Plasma ◽

Radiographic Contrast ◽

Radiographic Contrast Media ◽

Meglumine Diatrizoate ◽

High Concentrations

Different amounts of diatrizoate, ioxaglate, iohexol, iodixanol, NaCl 1000 mOsm/kg, mannitol 1098 mOsm/kg, and meglumine (meglumine concentrations corresponding to the content in the diatrizoate solutions) were added to either whole blood or a suspension of granulocytes in autologous plasma, and the adherence to nylon fibers was determined. At high concentrations all the investigated contrast media (CM) inhibited granulocyte adherence. The degree of inhibition was significantly greater when the ionic CM diatrizoate and ioxaglate were used, as compared with the nonionic media. Meglumine solutions at high concentrations also inhibited adherence but significantly less than diatrizoate solutions containing the same amount of meglumine. Diatrizoate showed the greatest inhibitory effect on granulocyte adherence, and significant inhibition could be detected even with a 1.25% solution.

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