Energy management education and occupation-related outcomes in adults with chronic diseases: A scoping review

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 (9) ◽  
pp. 561-575
Author(s):  
Janine F Farragher ◽  
Sarbjit V Jassal ◽  
Sara McEwen ◽  
Helene J Polatajko
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Energy Management ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Occupational Performance ◽  
Group Setting ◽  
The Impact

Introduction Fatigue is a pervasive symptom of chronic disease that often interferes with occupational performance. Our objective was to describe what is known about energy management education and occupation-related outcomes in adults with chronic diseases. Methods Seven electronic databases were searched for relevant literature published before August 2019. Eligible articles were full-text, available in English, and studied energy management education in adults with a chronic disease. The first author assessed article eligibility with validation from a second reviewer, extracted characteristics of included studies, and described them using descriptive statistics. A narrative synthesis of findings was conducted for each chronic disease population. Results Forty-four studies addressed eight different chronic disease populations. The most common program delivery format was face-to-face in a group setting (42%), 39% of programs were informed by a learning theory, and their median cumulative length was 8 hours. Positive outcomes were associated with a specific, group-based energy management program in people with multiple sclerosis. The evidence on other energy management programs and in other chronic disease populations was more limited and inconclusive. Conclusions Further research is needed to understand the impact of energy management education in chronic disease populations beyond multiple sclerosis, and its impact on occupational performance.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program on Health Literacy: A Pre-Post Study Using a Multi-Dimensional Health Literacy Instrument

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danielle Marie Muscat ◽  
Wenbo Song ◽  
Erin Cvejic ◽  
Jie Hua Cecilia Ting ◽  
Joanne Medlin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Diverse Area ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
The Impact

This study assessed the impact of the Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) on different domains of health literacy using a pre-post study design. Participants aged over 16 years and with one or more self-reported chronic diseases were recruited for the CDSMP in western Sydney (a highly diverse area of New South Wales, Australia) between October 2014 and September 2018. Health literacy was assessed pre- and immediately post-intervention using the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), with differences in mean scores for each HLQ domain analysed using paired sample t-tests. A total of 486 participants were recruited into the CDSMP. Of those, 316 (65.0%) completed both pre- and post-intervention surveys and were included in the analysis. The median age of the participants was 68 years, the majority were female (62.5%), and most were born in a country other than Australia (80.6%). There were statistically significant (P < 0.001) improvements across all nine domains of the HLQ. This is the first study evaluating the potential impact of the CDSMP on improving different domains of health literacy amongst a diverse sample of participants with chronic diseases using a multi-dimensional instrument. The absence of a control population in this study warrants caution when interpreting the results.

scholarly journals The impact of chronic disease and disability on the elderly

1999 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 9-14
Author(s):  
C. J. Eales
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Health Care Systems ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Care Systems ◽  
And Function ◽  
The Impact

Health care systems for elderly people should aim to delay the onset of illness, reducing the final period of infirmity and illness to the shortest possible time. The most effective way to achieve this is by health education and preventative medicine to maintain mobility and function. Changes in life style even in late life may result in improved health, effectively decreasing the incidence of chronic diseases associated with advancing age. This paper presents the problems experienced by elderly persons with chronic diseases and disabilities with indications for meaningful therapeutic interventions.

scholarly journals Randomized trial of a teleconference-delivered fatigue management program for people with multiple sclerosis

2011 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 1130-1140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcia Finlayson ◽  
Katharine Preissner ◽  
Chi Cho ◽  
Matthew Plow
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Wait List ◽  
Impact Fatigue ◽  
Wait List Control ◽  
Fatigue Management ◽  
Fatigue Severity

Background: Previous studies support the efficacy and effectiveness of face-to-face group-based fatigue management education for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). Nevertheless, many people are unable to access these programs due to environmental barriers. Objectives: To test the efficacy and effectiveness of a group-based, teleconference-delivered fatigue management program for people with MS. Methods: A randomly allocated two-group time series design with a wait-list control group was used. In total 190 participants were allocated (94 intervention, 96 wait-list control). Primary outcomes (fatigue impact, fatigue severity, health-related quality of life (HRQOL)) were measured before, immediately after, at 6 weeks, 3 months, and 6 months post. Secondary outcome (self-efficacy) was measured at the same points. Effectiveness (intent-to-treat) and efficacy (per protocol) analyses were conducted. Results: The program was more effective and efficacious than control for reducing fatigue impact but not fatigue severity. Before and after comparisons with the pooled sample demonstrated efficacy and effectiveness for fatigue impact, fatigue severity, and 6 of 8 HRQOL dimensions. Changes were maintained for 6 months with small to moderate effect sizes. Conclusion: The results offer strong support for the viability of teleconference-delivered fatigue management education for enabling people with MS to manage this disabling symptom.

scholarly journals Impact of the chronic disease self-management program (CDSMP) on self-perceived frailty condition: the EU-EFFICHRONIC project

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 204062232110567
Author(s):  
Sabrina Zora ◽  
Carlo Custodero ◽  
Yves-Marie Pers ◽  
Verushka Valsecchi ◽  
Alberto Cella ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Short Form ◽  
Prognostic Index ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Management Program ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Management

Introduction: The Chronic Disease Self-Management Program (CDSMP) improves self-efficacy and health outcomes in people with chronic diseases. In the context of the EFFICHRONIC project, we evaluated the efficacy of CDSMP in relieving frailty, as assessed by the self-administered version of Multidimensional Prognostic Index (SELFY-MPI), identifying also potential predictors of better response over 6-month follow-up. Methods: The SELFY-MPI explores mobility, basal and instrumental activities of daily living (Barthel mobility, ADL, IADL), cognition (Test Your Memory-TYM Test), nutrition (Mini Nutritional Assessment-Short Form-MNA-SF), comorbidities, medications, and socio-economic conditions (social-familiar evaluation scale-SFES). Participants were stratified in three groups according to the 6-month change of SELFY-MPI: those who improved after CDSMP (Δ SELFY-MPI < 0), those who remained unchanged (Δ SELFY-MPI = 0), and those who worsened (Δ SELFY-MPI > 0). Multivariable logistic regression was modeled to identify predictors of SELFY-MPI improvement. Results: Among 270 participants (mean age = 61.45 years, range = 26–93 years; females = 78.1%) a benefit from CDSMP intervention, in terms of decrease in the SELFY-MPI score, was observed in 32.6% of subjects. SELFY-MPI improvement was found in participants with higher number of comorbidities (1–2 chronic diseases: adjusted odd ratio (aOR)=2.38, 95% confidence interval (CI) =1.01, 5.58; ⩾ 3 chronic diseases: aOR = 3.34, 95% CI = 1.25, 8.90 vs no chronic disease), poorer cognitive performance (TYM ⩽ 42: aOR = 2.41, 95% CI = 1.12, 5.19 vs TYM > 42) or higher risk of malnutrition (MNA-SF ⩽ 11: aOR = 6.11, 95% CI = 3.15, 11.83 vs MNA-SF > 11). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the CDSMP intervention contributes to decreasing the self-perceived severity of frailty (SELFY-MPI score) in more vulnerable participants with several chronic diseases and lower cognitive performance and nutritional status.

Investigating the attitude of patients with chronic diseases about using mobile health

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Abbasi ◽  
Sahar Zare ◽  
Leila Ahmadian
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Mobile Health ◽  
Asthmatic Patient ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Asthmatic Patients ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
Mhealth Technology ◽  
Willingness To Use

BackgroundMobile health (mHealth) due to its popularity and accessibility can be widely applied in different health areas such as the management of chronic diseases. However, its success depends on the acceptance of their users. Therefore, the aim of this study was to survey the attitudes of patients with chronic disease toward mHealth technology and their willingness to use it.MethodsThis study was conducted within a 2-year period (2016–2018) to determine and compare the attitude and willingness of patients with asthma, diabetes, and multiple sclerosis (MS) toward using mHealth technology in a province in Iran.ResultsIn total, 222 patients participated in this study. More than 93 percent of the patients with diabetes and MS, and 65 percent of the asthmatic patients preferred using mHealth services rather than consulting a physician (p < .0001). About 98, 94, and 49 percent of the MS, diabetic, and asthmatic patients, respectively felt comfortable if their health conditions checked by physicians through mHealth technology (p < .0001).ConclusionsOur results showed that the majority of the patients felt comfortable and preferred using mHealth technology rather than consulting the physicians. The attitudes of diabetic and MS patients toward mHealth technology were rather more positive compared to asthmatic patient attitude. These results may be helpful for the developers of mHealth technology, and researchers who design mHelath interventions for patients with chronic disease.

The Use and Evaluations of IT in Chronic Disease Management

2011 ◽  
pp. 1075-1092
Author(s):  
Julia Adler-Milstein ◽  
Ariel Linden
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Disease Management ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Chronic Disease Management ◽  
Program Effectiveness ◽  
Management Program ◽  
Evaluation Strategies ◽  
Broad Array ◽  
The Impact

This chapter describes the broad array of information technologies currently used in programs that manage individuals with chronic diseases and discusses evaluation strategies to assess the impact of implementing programs that incorporate such technologies. More specifically, it describes the three components of a chronic disease management program and then details the technologies commonly used in each component. Three evaluation designs well-suited to measure DM program effectiveness are also discussed. The intent of this chapter is to educate readers on the range of approaches to incorporating information technology into chronic disease management and the most appropriate evaluation designs that will strengthen the understanding of which approaches are most successful.

scholarly journals 140. Variations in Rates of Antimicrobial Use in Primary Care, in Relation to the Presence of Chronic Diseases, Québec, Canada, 2014-2017

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S183-S183
Author(s):  
Elise Fortin ◽  
Caroline Sirois ◽  
Caroline Quach ◽  
Marc Simard ◽  
Sonia Jean ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Chronic Respiratory Diseases ◽  
The Public ◽  
Narrow Spectrum ◽  
Defined Daily Doses ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Chronic diseases may increase one’s risk of infection and ensuing complications, which in turn may lower clinicians’ tolerance threshold for antimicrobial prescription, while potential drug interactions may limit therapeutic options. Objective of the study was to measure the impact of chronic diseases on the rates of antimicrobial use in the Province of Québec. Methods Individuals covered by the public drug insurance plan between April 2014 and March 2017 were included in our cohort to describe rates of antimicrobial dispensing per 1,000 person-years, per age group (0-17 years old, 18-64 years old and 65 years old or over) and category of chronic disease (respiratory, cardiovascular, diabetes, mental disorder, none of these). For 2014-2017, ratios of extended-to-narrow spectrum antimicrobials were computed and multivariate Poisson regression was used to measure the impact of categories of chronic diseases on rates of total antimicrobial dispensing (in prescriptions and defined daily doses). Results A total of 1 259 833 children-years, 5 281 026 person-years between 18 and 64 years and 3 841 359 person-years 65 years or older were included in the study. Ratios of extended-to-narrow spectrum antimicrobials varied from 3.1 (adults 18-64 years old with no chronic disease) to 14.6 (children with no chronic disease); ratios for individuals with chronic diseases were lower in children but higher in adults. Adults with chronic respiratory diseases were twice more exposed to antimicrobials (increase of 109%) than those with none of the studied diseases (62% increase in children). In adults, antimicrobial use was also 48% higher in presence of a mental disorder (22% in children), 40% higher with diabetes (102% in children) and 31% higher with a cardiovascular disease (no data in children). These differences were all statistically significant (α = 0,05). Conclusion In Québec, antimicrobial dispensation was more frequent for individuals with at least one chronic disease. This raises the question of how much antimicrobial use can be reduced or improved to limit the selection of resistant bacteria. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

scholarly journals Could Sotrovimab, a monoclonal antibody, be helpful in COVID-19 symptoms in cats and ferrets?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sayıner Serkan
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibody ◽  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Impact

Although the types of coronaviruses seen in animals differ, recent studies have also shown that they are affected by COVID-19, known as SARS-CoV-2. The impact of COVID-19 on animals is a factor that should be followed carefully, especially since different variants appear in humans every day and this disease is transmitted from human to animal. Thanks to vaccination, animals are less affected by different types of coronaviruses. Cats and ferrets are especially affected much more in COVID-19, causing damage to the lungs and other organs. Recently, it has been shown that the use of monoclonal antibodies, especially in the early stages of COVID-19, by people with chronic diseases, positively affects the course of the disease, reduces the frequency of hospitalization and the possibility of falling into intensive care. Sotrovimab is a pan-sarbecovirus monoclonal antibody, and 12-13 studies to date have shown that individuals with chronic disease are less affected when given in the early stages of the disease when the symptoms are mild. We also think that if especially old cats and ferrets are treated with Sotrovimab in the early stages of the disease when they contract COVID-19, it will positively affect the prognosis of the disease.

scholarly journals A multidimensional Mendelian randomization study on the impact of gut dysbiosis on chronic diseases and human longevity

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eloi Gagnon ◽  
Patricia Mitchell ◽  
Hasanga D Manikpurage ◽  
Erik Abner ◽  
Nele Taba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Disease ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Chronic Diseases ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Mendelian Randomization ◽  
Human Model ◽  
Human Longevity ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Gut Dysbiosis ◽  
The Impact

Alterations of the gut microbiota, often referred to as gut dysbiosis, have been associated with several chronic diseases and longevity in pre-clinical models as well as in observational studies. Whether these relationships underlie causal associations in humans remains to be established. We aimed to determine whether gut dysbiosis influences the risk of chronic diseases and longevity using a comprehensive 2-Sample Mendelian randomization (2SMR) approach. We included as exposures inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) as a human model of gut dysbiosis, 11 gut-associated metabolites and pathways and 48 microbial taxa. Study outcomes included eight chronic diseases previously linked with gut dysbiosis using observational studies (Alzheimer's disease, depression, type 2 diabetes, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, coronary artery disease (CAD), stroke, osteoporosis and chronic kidney disease) as well as parental longevity and life expectancy. Neither IBD, nor gut-associated metabolites were causally associated with chronic disease or lifespan. After multiple testing correction for 582 tests, no microbial taxa-chronic disease associations remained significant. After robustness analyses and multivariate MR to correct for body mass index and alcohol intake on all 42 nominally significant causal relationships, four associations remained. Altogether, results of this multidimensional Mendelian randomization study suggest that gut dysbiosis has little impact on chronic diseases and human longevity and that previous documented associations may not underly causal relationships. Studies with larger sample sizes and more optimal taxonomic discrimination may ultimately be required to determine whether the human gut microbiota plays a causal role in the etiology of chronic diseases and longevity.

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