Establishing Face and Content Validity of a Survey to Assess Users’ Perceptions of Automated Vehicles

Fully automated vehicles hold promise for providing numerous societal benefits, including drastically reducing road fatalities. However, we know little about the adoption practices of individuals related to automated vehicles. To assess transportation users’ perceptions of automated vehicles, a 40-item survey was designed using guidance from several technology acceptance models. A focus group was used to assess face validity to ensure the items appeared credible and understandable to the layperson. Seven subject-matter experts rated items for their relevance to provide a content validity index for each item and for the overall survey. The final scale had a scale content validity index rating of 1.00, with 32 of 32 items rated greater than or equal to 0.86 and a scale content validity index of 0.96 (mean content validity index of all items), indicating acceptable content validity. The approach adopted in this study ensured the face and content validity of the survey and enhanced the items’ relevance, concision, and clarity. Future validation is required to assess scale reliability and validity. The paper provides an overview of models used for determining acceptance and adoption of technology and describes in detail the methodology used to establish face and content validity of the questionnaire survey developed for assessing adults’ perceptions of automated vehicles.

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Development and Validation of an Educational Booklet to Improve Occupational Performance of the Primary Caregivers of Individuals With Multiple Sclerosis

Journal of Rehabilitation ◽

10.32598/rj.21.3.3081.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 376-389

Author(s):

Mohammad Taghi Mohseni Takalu ◽

◽

Seyed Ali Hosseini ◽

Hamid Reza Khankeh ◽

Ebrahim Pishyareh ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multiple Sclerosis ◽

Health Education ◽

Content Validity ◽

Primary Caregivers ◽

Face Validity ◽

Binomial Test ◽

Occupational Performance ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

The Face

Objective: Caring for individuals with multiple sclerosis (MS) can affect their caregivers’ occupational performance in various areas such as work, rest/sleep, and social participation. Part of the rehabilitation process is educating caregivers. Primary caregivers need knowledge and information to deliver their caring role. Although face-to-face learning is useful, it can have some limitations. For example, a caregiver should refer to a specific center to receive information and interventions, which is often time-consuming and may trouble them to perform other roles, including their occupational roles. Written health education is used for complementing or strengthening verbal education and maximizing its effectiveness. These materials play an essential role in increasing knowledge, self-management, and commitment to treatment. When health professionals and health services are not available to caregivers, written health education materials can partially answer their questions and needs. It can also help reduce the costs of health care for caregivers. The present study aims to develop and validate the appearance and content of an educational booklet to improve the occupational performance of primary caregivers of individuals with MS (PCIMS). Materials & Methods: This is a methodological study conducted. 1. preparing the content based on grounded theory study of PCIMS and their challenges, and then preparing an initial draft, 2. examining the face validity and content validity of the initial draft according to the opinions of 22 experts in MS, and 3. examining the face validity and content validity of the initial draft according to views of 22 PCIMS. An item-level content validity index (I-CVI) value of ≥0.78 and a scale-level content validity index/average (S-CVI/Ave) value of ≥0.9 were considered as the criteria for having acceptable validity in the second and third phases. The binomial test was also used to test the statistical reliability of the I-CVIs at a significance level of 0.05 and the expected proportion of agreement (test proportion) of 0.8. Results: The minimum I-CVI and S-CVI/Ave values for the items of a scale designed to assess the face validity and content validity of the booklet were respectively reported 0.9 and 0.97, according to the panel of experts. Also, the minimum observed proportion of agreement for items under the binomial test was obtained 0.9, which was higher than the expected proportion of agreement (0.8). I-CVIs values, S-CVI/Ave value and the observed proportion of agreement between PCIMS were equal to 1. For participating experts and PCIMS, the booklet had appropriate validity, and their comments on the appearance and content of the booklet were applied to the final version of the booklet. Conclusion: The developed educational booklet has acceptable face validity and content validity, and specialists can use it for the rehabilitation intervention of PCIMS. Further studies are recommended to investigate the effectiveness of this booklet on improving the quality of life of PCIMS.

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Validity and Reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension

Investigación y Educación en Enfermería ◽

10.17533/udea.iee.v37n3e09 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 37 (3) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Natalia Esquivel Garzón ◽

Luz Patricia Díaz Heredia

Keyword(s):

Treatment Adherence ◽

Content Validity ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Spanish Version ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Cronbach’S Alpha ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Cronbach's Alpha

Objective. To determine the validity and reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension (TAQPH), Spanish version, designed by Chunhua Ma et al.Methods. This study was carried out in the city of Ibagué (Colombia) and the test validation determined validity (face, content, and construct) and reliability. Face and content validity were conducted through expert judgment, using Fleiss’ Kappa Coefficient statistical tests and modified Lawshe’s content validity index. The construct validity and the reliability test had the participation of 220 people with diagnosis of primary hypertension. Reliability was calculated through Cronbach’s alpha statistical test.Results. In the face validity, the instrument reported a Fleiss’ Kappa index was 0.68 in comprehension, 0.76 in clarity, and 0.64 in accuracy, interpreted as a substantial agreement. The content validity index was satisfactory with 0.91; el exploratory factor analysis reported six factors with a total variance explained of 54%. Cronbach’s alpha for the total scale was 0.74.Conclusion. The Spanish version of the TAQPH is a valid and reliable scale to evaluate adherence to treatment in patients with primary hypertension.Descriptors: essential hypertension; treatment adherence and compliance; surveys and questionnaires; psychometrics; validation studies.How to cite this article: Esquivel N, Díaz LP. Validity and Reliability of the Treatment Adherence Questionnaire for Patients with Hypertension. Invest. Educ. Enferm. 2019; 37(3):e09.

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PENGEMBANGAN INSTRUMEN MICROTEACHING BERDASARKAN PEMBELAJARAN ABAD KE-21

Edukasi: Jurnal Pendidikan ◽

10.31571/edukasi.v19i1.2348 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 31

Author(s):

Rahmat Rasmawan

Keyword(s):

Research And Development ◽

Learning Process ◽

Content Validity ◽

Intraclass Correlation ◽

Assessment Instrument ◽

Face Validity ◽

Research Subjects ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Valid Instrument

Abstrak Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengembangkan instrumen Microteaching berkesesuaian dengan keterampilan abad ke-21 yang valid dan reliabel sehingga layak digunakan. Bentuk penelitian yang digunakan adalah Research and Development (R&D) dengan mengikuti alur pengembangan ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). Subjek penelitian yaitu 30 dosen dan 70 mahasiswa. Validitas instrumen menggunakan Content Validity Index dan Face Validity yang menunjukkan bahwa instrumen dinyatakan valid. Reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan koefisien interkelas korelasi pada merancang dan melaksanakan pembelajaran dan diperoleh nilai koefisien interkelas korelasi dengan kategori sangat reliabel. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa instrumen yang dikembangkan valid dan layak digunakan untuk mengukur keterampilan peserta Microteaching dalam merancang dan melaksanakan proses pembelajaran abad ke-21. AbstractThe aim of this research was to develop Microteaching assessment instrument that are compatible with the 21st-century skill that is valid and reliable so that appropriate to use. The design of this research was Research and Development (R&D) which refers to ADDIE (Analyze, Design, Develop, Implement, and Evaluate). The research subjects were 30 lecturers and 70 students. The validity of the instrument using the Content Validity Index and Face Validity showed that the instrument was valid. Instrument reliability was using the intraclass correlation coefficient in designing and implementing the learning process obtained result as very reliable. It can be concluded that the developed instrument was valid to be used in assessing participant’s Microteaching skills in designing and implementing the 21st-century learning process.

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Reliability and validity of the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire in Turkish

Nursing Ethics ◽

10.1177/0969733016642626 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 80-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hatice Ulusoy ◽

Güngör Güler ◽

Gülay Yıldırım ◽

Ecem Demir

Keyword(s):

Nursing Students ◽

Construct Validity ◽

Content Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Professional Values ◽

Factor Analyses ◽

Validity Index ◽

Medicine Research ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Nursing Values

Background: Developing professional values among nursing students is important because values are a significant predictor of the quality care that will be provided, the clients’ recognition, and consequently the nurses’ job satisfaction. The literature analysis showed that there is only one validated tool available in Turkish that examines both the personal and the professional values of nursing students. Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire in Turkish. Design of the study: This study was a Turkish linguistic and cultural adaptation of a research tool. Participants and research context: The sample of this study consisted of 627 undergraduate nursing students from different geographical areas of Turkey. Two questionnaires were used for data collection: a socio-demographic form and the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire. For the Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire, construct validity was examined using factor analyses. Ethical considerations: The study was approved by the Cumhuriyet University Faculty of Medicine Research Ethics Board. Students were informed that participation in the study was entirely voluntary and anonymous. Results: Item content validity index ranged from 0.66 to 1.0, and the total content validity index was 0.94. The Kaiser–Meyer–Olkin measure of sampling was 0.870, and Bartlett’s test of sphericity was statistically significant (x2 = 3108.714, p < 0.001). Construct validity was examined using factor analyses and the six factors were identified. Cronbach’s alpha was used to assess the internal consistency reliability and the value of 0.834 was obtained. Conclusion: Our analyses showed that the Turkish version of Salford-Scott Nursing Values Questionnaire has high validity and reliability.

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Prosthetic and orthotic students’ attitudes toward addressing sexual health in their future profession

Prosthetics and Orthotics International ◽

10.1177/0309364618775444 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 42 (6) ◽

pp. 612-619 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Kristina Areskoug-Josefsson ◽

Fredrik Thidell ◽

Bo Rolander ◽

Nerrolyn Ramstrand

Keyword(s):

Sexual Health ◽

Content Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Assistive Technologies ◽

Health Questionnaire ◽

Health Issues ◽

Validity Index ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Students Attitudes

Background: Prosthetists and orthotists have a responsibility to direct treatment toward enabling their clients to perform desired activities and to facilitate participation of their clients in all areas of life. This may include provision of assistive technologies to help clients meet goals related to participation in sexual activities. To help prosthetic and orthotic students develop competencies in dealing with the sexual health of their future clients, it is necessary to generate knowledge of their own perceived competence and capacity. Objectives: To explore prosthetic and orthotic students’ attitudes and competence toward working with sexual health and to evaluate reliability and validity of the Students’ Attitudes Towards Addressing Sexual Health questionnaire. Study design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: Students enrolled in all three years of an undergraduate prosthetic and orthotic program were requested to complete the Students’ Attitudes Towards Addressing Sexual Health questionnaire ( n = 65). Reliability and validity were evaluated using the content validity index and Cronbach’s alpha. Results: Students felt unprepared to talk about sexual health with future clients and thought that they would be embarrassed if they raised the issue. No differences were identified between students enrolled in each of the three years of the program and few differences were observed between male and female students. The content validity index values were low but improved as the students’ level of education increased. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was acceptable ( α = 0.86). Conclusion: Prosthetic and orthotic students are unprepared to address sexual health issues with their future clients. There is a need to provide students with training related to sexual health issues. Clinical relevance This study indicates the need for additional education of prosthetic and orthotic students in issues related to sexual health and how to address sexual health issues with clients. Results can be used to develop training programs for students and will serve to improve the sexual health of individuals who receive prosthetic and orthotic services.

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Psychometric Properties of the Functional Social Support Domain of Perinatal Infant Care Social Support

Investigación y Educación en Enfermería ◽

10.17533/udea.iee.v38n2e04 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 38 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Español Español ◽

Zayne Milena Roa-Díaz ◽

Carme Ferré-Grau ◽

María Inmaculada De Molina-Fernández

Keyword(s):

Social Support ◽

Psychometric Properties ◽

Content Validity ◽

Infant Care ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity Index ◽

Response Options ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Appraisal Support ◽

Support Domain

Objective. To determine the face, content, constructvalidity, and reliability of the functional social supportdomain of Perinatal Infant Care Social Support (PICSS)translated into Spanish and adapted for first-time mothersof term babies. Methods. Validation study of the functionalsocial support domain of PICSS, which has 22 itemswith response options from 1 to 4; higher scores indicategreater social support. A translation, back-translation, andcultural adaptation process took place along with an expertreview to evaluate face and content validity. In total, 210mothers participated to establish construct validity andthe reliability of the domain. The content validity index andfactor analysis were used to identify the structure of thedomain. Reliability was estimated using Cronbach’s alphacoefficient. Results. Linguistic and cultural adaptationswere performed, along with validation and reliability. Face validity for mothers was the following: high comprehension (94%); and forexperts: high comprehension (95.83%), high clarity (96.53%), and high precision(92.82%). In relevance and pertinence, the content validity index was high (0.97).Construct validation identified two factors that explained 76% of the variance of thedomain evaluated: factor 1 “Supporting presence -emotional and appraisal support”(13 items, 39%) and factor 2 “Practical support -informational and instrumentalsupport-” (9 items, 37%). Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.97. Conclusion. Given the robust psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the functional socialsupport domain of PICSS, this may be used to identify the functional social supportin the mothers.

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Validity and Reliability of the Korean Version of the Anesthesia Surrendering Instrument

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17093065 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (9) ◽

pp. 3065

Author(s):

Hanna Lee ◽

Ji-Soon Kang ◽

Jeong-Won Han

Keyword(s):

Content Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Internal Consistency Reliability ◽

Validity And Reliability ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Korean Version ◽

Item Level ◽

Korean Adult ◽

Study Population

This study examined the reliability and validity of the Korean version of the anesthesia surrendering instrument (ASI), which was originally developed to measure anesthesia surrendering in Swedish adults. The study population consisted of 306 patients who received general anesthesia for abdominal, breast, knee, hip, lower back, or shoulder surgery in ten hospitals across five regions of Korea from June to September 2019. The validity of the content, construct, and criterion used, and the reliability of the ASI were assessed. The results showed that the instrument had appropriate content validity; the item-level content validity index ranged between 0.80 and 1.00, and the scale-level content validity index was 0.90. The construct validity test results confirmed four sub-categories with a total of 26 items, and the internal consistency reliability tests showed Cronbach’s alpha values ranging between 0.71 and 0.88. The study findings confirmed the applicability of this instrument for measuring anesthesia surrendering in Korean adults. These results provide a foundation for future studies on anesthesia surrendering in Korean adult patients.

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Development and Evaluation of Inexpensive Ultrasound Using A-Mode and M-Mode Signals to Identify Lung Depth and Avoid Risk of Pneumothorax in Acupuncture

Journal of Medical and Biological Engineering ◽

10.1007/s40846-020-00584-x ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Ying-Ling Chen ◽

Mark C. Hou ◽

Shun-Chang Chang ◽

Kai-Wen Chuang ◽

Po-Yang Lee ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Patient Safety ◽

Coefficient Of Variation ◽

Content Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Acupuncture Points ◽

Medical Ultrasound ◽

Validity Index ◽

Good Reliability ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Good Identification

Abstract Purpose To increase patient safety, ultrasound detection acupuncture (UDA) has been developed, which can detect a safe depth for acupuncturists to avoid causing pneumothorax. This study aims to develop and evaluate a single-transducer ultrasound for acupuncture (UFA) to promote UDA. Methods Special A-mode and M-mode signals were analyzed to identify the depth of the lung. Six subjects were recruited to test the reliability and validity of UFA on GB21, LV14 and BL43 acupuncture points. Results The result showed UFA’s coefficient of variation was less than 0.2 and no difference in age, gender, and BMI of the subjects statistically, demonstrating excellent reliability. However, the content validity index of 0.51 did not meet expectations. UFA has good reliability, but it cannot reach the level of medical ultrasound. UFA uses A-mode and the seashore sign of M-mode to make a good identification of the lung, and it would be useful in the promotion of UDA.

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Development & Validation of Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS)

Pakistan Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.12669/pjms.37.7.3928 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (7) ◽

Author(s):

Ghazal Awais Butt ◽

Nazia Mumtaz ◽

Ghulam Saqulain

Keyword(s):

Content Validity ◽

Reliability And Validity ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Receptive Language ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Test Items ◽

Creative Commons ◽

Index Value ◽

High Level

Objectives: To develop “Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS)” for Urdu speaking Pakistani children of age 0-6 years. Methods: This exploratory study was done at mainstream schools and day care centers on children with normal language development between the ages of 0-6 years from 1st March 2016 to 31st August 2016, by using convenient sampling technique. Firstly, the items for the questionnaire were constructed from four sources: literature review, experts, parents and direct observation of 384 Children of same age. Secondly the constructed test items were sent to the field experts (SLP’s) for the purpose of improvement. Thirdly, after incorporation of suggestions, the improved items were securitized by Urdu experts and finalized. In the next step, these items were tested for Relevance, Ambiguity, Clarity and Simplicity from field experts. The developed scale was then analyzed for reliability and validity by SPSS Version-18. Results: Study resulted in a 59 items Urdu Receptive Language Scale with each age range having different test items distribution. The mean of the relevance, clarity, simplicity, and ambiguity of test items was 3.89. The Item content validity index value was one for each of the 59 items. The content validity index for the entire scale was also one. The Cronbach’s alpha was 0.948, which indicates a high level of internal consistency. Conclusion: The developed 59 Item Urdu Receptive Language Scale is reliable and valid tool for language assessment of Urdu speaking Pakistani children of 0-6 years age. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.3928 How to cite this:Butt GA, Mumtaz N, Saqulain G. Development & Validation of Urdu Receptive Language Scale (URLS). Pak J Med Sci. 2021;37(7):---------. doi: https://doi.org/10.12669/pjms.37.7.3928 This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Development and Validation of an Information Booklet Aimed at Promoting Mental Health for Pregnant Women with a History of Abuse

Journal of Nepal Health Research Council ◽

10.33314/jnhrc.v17i4.2017 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 456-462

Author(s):

Diksha Sapkota ◽

Kathleen Baird ◽

Amornrat Saito ◽

Shyam Sundar Budhathoki ◽

Rita Pokharel ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Domestic Violence ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Family Violence ◽

Stress Reduction ◽

Content Validity ◽

Face Validity ◽

Validity Index ◽

Content Validity Index ◽

Information Booklet

Background: Mental health needs of victims of domestic and family violence are often overlooked. A booklet was designed to help women update their knowledge and skills in effective coping with domestic and family violence and support them in developing effective stress reduction and problem management techniques. In addition, this booklet is believed to serve as a reference for further use. This paper describes the development process and validation of the information booklet. This booklet was used during an intervention trial conducted in Nepal to educate abused pregnant women.Methods: This methodological study involved three stages: bibliographical survey, development of the booklet, and validation by specialists in the relevant fields and representatives of the target audiences. A total of eight experts, currently working in the field of domestic violence and/or midwifery, and 15 representatives of the target participants were involved in the validation process. A minimum Content Validity Index of 0.78 was considered for content validation, and minimum agreement of 75% for face validation.Results: The booklet presented a global Content Validity Index of 0.92. The overall level of agreement within the target participants was 86.3%, which was higher than the minimum recommended level. Both subject experts and participants positively evaluated the adequacy, coverage and readability of contents of the booklet.Conclusions: The booklet was validated using content and face validity. This validated booklet is expected to be an effective tool for communication that would help pregnant women cope better with domestic and family violence and adopt strategies to remain emotionally healthy.Keywords: Booklet; development; domestic violence; validation studies.

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