Implementation of the AASHTO M 332 Specification: A Case Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 2674 (9) ◽  
pp. 959-971
Author(s):  
Akshay Gundla ◽  
Ramadan Salim ◽  
B. Shane Underwood ◽  
Kamil E. Kaloush
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Study ◽  
Parameter Uncertainty ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
The State ◽  
Asphalt Binders ◽  
Traffic Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Temperature Parameter

Over the past 20 years, changes in asphalt binders, the widespread adoption of polymer modified asphalts, and the need to bump asphalt binder grades to consider traffic conditions have exposed the gaps in the AASHTO M 320 specification, and subsequently led to the AASHTO M 332 specification. The State of Arizona initiated an experimental study to explore the possibility of adopting AASHTO M 332 into its binder specifications. In this paper, the specific challenges, technical implications of some key differences in the current Arizona standard compared with the AASHTO M 332 standard, and the approach taken to overcome the differences are explored and documented. Some of the key issues include the shortcomings of the Jnr difference parameter, uncertainty of the pressurized aging vessel (PAV) temperature to be used, effect on the intermediate temperature parameter, |G*|sin δ, and the prospective distribution of asphalt binder grades if the new specification is adopted. Overall, the AASHTO M 332 specification is promising for the State of Arizona with minor changes recommended to prevent changes in binder formulations and influx of asphalt binders inferior to those currently available.

FUNDAMENTALISM, BUREAUCRATIZATION, AND THE STATE'S CO-OPTATION OF RELIGION: A JORDANIAN CASE STUDY

2006 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 369-393 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Antoun
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Middle East ◽  
The State ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Half Century ◽  
The Past ◽  
Equal Duration ◽  
Past Half Century ◽  
Past Half

In the Middle East over the past half-century, three religious processes have grown together. One, the growth of fundamentalism, has received worldwide attention both by academics and journalists. The others, the bureaucratization of religion and the state co-optation of religion, of equal duration but no less importance, have received much less attention. The bureaucratization of religion focuses on the hierarchicalization of religious specialists and state co-optation of religion focuses on their neutralization as political opponents. Few commentators link the three processes. In Jordan, fundamentalism, the bureaucratization of religion (BOR), and state co-optation of religion (SCR) have become entwined sometimes in mutually supportive and sometimes in antagonistic relations. The following case study will describe and analyze the implications of this mutual entanglement for the relations of state and civil society and for the human beings simultaneously bureaucratized and “fundamentalized.”

Identifying the appropriate time band to determine the minimum night flow: a case study in Kinta Valley, Malaysia

2013 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 328-336
Author(s):  
Mohd Nordin Adlan ◽  
Jaber M. A. Alkasseh ◽  
Hj. Ismail Abustan ◽  
Abu Bakar Mohamad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Water Loss ◽  
The State ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Lower Income ◽  
The Past ◽  
Minimum Night Flow ◽  
Non Revenue Water ◽  
Time Band

The average percentages of non-revenue water (NRW) for Malaysia and for the state of Perak in 2010 were 36.37 and 29.44%, respectively. These average percentages have led to lower income generation. This could create constraints on maintenance and operation of water reticulation systems. In this study, the appropriate time band of minimum night flow (MNF) and the actual water loss or amount of NRW for the district of Kinta in Perak, Malaysia were investigated. Flow and pressure in 361 zones in Perak were monitored for 24 h using PrimeWorks software. From the 361 zones, 30 study zones were randomly selected. The 30 study zones were geographically divided into three groups, with each group having 10 zones. Statistically, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to test the variations in MNF among the three groups. The data of the flow for the 30 zones were screened from 1:00 to 5:00 am for the past 4 years. The frequency of MNF occurrences was analyzed every 15 min. The results show that the majority (84.2%) of the frequencies of MNF occurrences in the 30 study areas occurred from 2:15 to 4:15 am, whereas minimum frequencies were observed at 1:00, 1:15, and 5:00 am.

‘If not for you’. The nation state as an archaeological context

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nathan Schlanger
Keyword(s):  
Public Services ◽  
The State ◽  
Nation State ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Purpose ◽  
Local Levels ◽  
English Heritage

AbstractRather than being bashed around in view of its contents, the nation state – or at least the ‘state’ part of this compound term – needs to be cherished for the context it provides. Without the state, instilling regulations, procedures and common purpose, archaeology will not really thrive. This is confirmed through an exemplary case study, namely the seemingly measured and consensual retrenchment of the state occurring in England over the past 25 years. A brief presentation of the structure of English archaeology serves to highlight the situation of each of its main sectors, commercial contractors, curators at local levels and national bodies. Recent changes at the last level, involving English Heritage Trust and Historic England, highlight the risks posed by state disengagement, by funding withdrawal and by the enforced commercialization of public services.

Minority Rights and the Constitutional Dilemmas of Pakistan

2001 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 417-443
Author(s):  
Javaid Rehman
Keyword(s):  
Political History ◽  
Minority Rights ◽  
The State ◽  
Religious Minorities ◽  
The Past ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Role Of Religion

Rights of religious minorities and the role of religion within the constitutional framework represent two key issues which have dominated Pakistan's fifty-four years of political history. This article analyses Pakistan's constitutional approaches towards its religious minorities. This analysis reveals that the State has been unable to establish a coherent constitutional framework in which to protect its religious minorities. Furthermore, as a consequence of politicisation of religion over the past three decades, Pakistan's religious minorities are increasingly being victimised and persecuted. The article identifies a number of laws and practices through which discrimination has been perpetuated and highlights the existing unfortunate situation of religious minorities within Pakistan.

scholarly journals The Art of Governance and the Political Grammar of Legitimacy: Tales of the State for a Unified Korea

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-66
Author(s):  
Byung-ok Kil
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Real World ◽  
Political Legitimacy ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The State ◽  
The Political ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Of Affairs

This inquiry demonstrates that the political legitimacy of a certain society is historically determined, reflects specific institutional and contextual features, and employs a variety of meanings. These meanings can describe both a state of affairs and a process that ultimately involves justifications for legitimate agents and socio-political structures. This paper attepmpts to understand how the meanings of political legitimacy are conceptualized in society. As a case study, it questions: What are the conditions for the existence of political legitimacy and how have they been constructed? How is political legitimacy endorsed in South Korea today, and how does it differ from the past? This paper applies a deconstructive theory of political legitimacy that exploresa a distinctively modern style, or 'art of governance' that has an all-encompassing, as well as individualized effect upon its constituencies. By this approach, this paper argues that the concept of unification does not have a solid significance in the real world, but rather, it is an imaginary idea imposed by the dominant elite class, which is constantly imposed, reinterpreted and transformed in its political context.

Methodology for the preparation of rescue plans – a Polish case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 313-321 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grzegorz Kunikowski ◽  
Anna Kosieradzka ◽  
Urszula Kąkol
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
The State ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Past ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Analytical Tools

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to present a proposal for the methodology of developing rescue plans and the concepts of applying recommended response schedules in the context of the State Fire Service’s planning responsibilities (preparation) and public administration (reconciliation and approval), according to the legal order in force in Poland. In the proposed concept, recommended schedules are built on the basis of the matches and successes identified according to the criteria, i.e. the best carried out rescue actions from the register of reports. Design/methodology/approach The paper is based on the analysis of existing legal status and policy in Poland as well as the selected relevant academic literature. Findings The result is the formulation of a methodology for drawing up the rescue plans to the extent required by law and proposing a concept for the method of developing and applying recommended response schedules, supporting operational planning and conducting rescue operations. Practical implications The proposed methodology is to support the procedure of drawing up rescue plans by implying and implementing them into IT solutions. The suggested recommended response schedules, based on observations and conclusions from the analysis of the past rescue operations, may present circumstances and sequences of the use of forces and measures that have had beneficial effects in the past. An in-depth analysis of historical data from the conducted rescue operations may also be used to determine time indicators for the response phase. Originality/value The proposed solutions complement the methods currently used by public administration in Poland. The concept can also be inspiring for the State Fire Service (PSP) which has its own analytical tools in the form of a decision support system and registers of rescue operations carried out. The PSP may undertake the practical verification of the presented methodology for preparing rescue plans and recommended response schedules.

scholarly journals DATABASES TO SUPPORT ASSET MANAGEMENT AND SOCIAL REUSE: THE CASE STUDY OF THE REPUBLIC OF NORTH MACEDONIA

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara Vettori ◽  
Boban Misoski
Keyword(s):  
Asset Management ◽  
Current Situation ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
The Past ◽  
Disposal Option ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Proceeds Of Crime ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
The Republic

Over the past decades, many EU and non EU countries have amended their legislative and institutional framework on proceeds of crime confiscation to deprive criminals of their assets more effectively and to better manage and dispose of them. There are still, however, some under-researched issues that could greatly enhance the effectiveness and efficiency of confiscation policies. A first topic is the contribution that databases can give to asset management and disposal; the second one deals with a particular asset disposal option which involves giving criminal proceeds back to the communities affected by crime and promoting their use in line with communal needs: social reuse. This article responds to this question: what is the current situation regarding these two key issues in the Republic of North Macedonia?

scholarly journals Impact of Excise Tax Hike to Stock Value (A Case Study of PT. Hanjaya Mandala Sampoerna, Tbk.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Putu Bagus Adhi Wijaya ◽  
Erman Sumirat
Keyword(s):  
Stock Price ◽  
Intrinsic Value ◽  
The State ◽  
Tax Rate ◽  
Excise Tax ◽  
Cigarette Industry ◽  
The Past ◽  
State Revenue ◽  
Stock Value

Cigarette industry in Indonesia had contributed around 8% to the state revenue in 2018, and this number are expected to increase in 2020 due to higher excise tax rate for cigarette industry which believed can boost the state revenue. However, the cigarette’s excise tax hike that will be effective in January 1st, 2020 will have significant impact to all of the cigarette companies in Indonesia. The biggest cost of goods sold component of cigarette companies were the excise tax expense, thus, a significant increase on excise tax will reduce the company’s profitability. The significant decrease in company’s profitability could affect the company’s stock performance. In order to help the investors how to react to this situation, the intrinsic valuation of the company is required. Evaluating the company’s financial performance in the past five years and conducting absolute or often called intrinsic valuation of HMSP are believed to be important in order to help the investors how to act while the cigarette companies’ stock was all tumbled since the beginning of the year. This study examined absolute valuation of HMSP using the FCFE model. Absolute valuation models were calculated and had suggested that the current stock price of IDR 1,900 of HMSP is undervalued. The intrinsic value calculated from absolute valuation models was IDR 2,242.71. FCFE models show significantly high intrinsic value for HMSP, with potential return above 15%, it should attract the prospective investors to buy the company’s stock.  

scholarly journals Renaming States—A Case Study: Changing the Name of the Hungarian State in 2011. Its Background, Reasons, and Aftermath

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 899-927 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Takács
Keyword(s):  
Public Law ◽  
Authoritarian Regime ◽  
The State ◽  
Political Systems ◽  
Name Change ◽  
The Third ◽  
The Past ◽  
Legal Context ◽  
Hungarian State

Abstract A provision of the Hungarian constitution, adopted in 2011, has renamed the state. The name changed from the Republic of Hungary to Hungary, while the form of the state has remained “republic”. The purpose of this study is to explore the meaning, significance, and several consequences of this provision. The analysis consists of three main parts. The first one gives a general overview of the functions of the names of states. It claims that not only names but also changing or modifying names of states—taking place either by name-giving or by shaping convention—can serve certain functions. The second part focuses on the historical and constitutional details of renaming the Hungarian state, and summarizes the legal context that provided the framework for the 2011 renaming. The third part outlines the arguments for the change, takes a look at the official justification and actual reasons, and reveals some of the consequences of the name change in the past decade. The main contention of the paper is that the renaming of the Hungarian state that took place in 2011 lacked any overt and reasonable justification, and is best explained as an expression of anti-republican sentiment, which indicated, and partly paved the way for the transition into a kind of an authoritarian regime. Finally, the study raises a possible interpretation of the renaming of the Hungarian state in 2011, the point of which is that it adumbrated many later changes in public law and political systems.

The Limitations of the Archive: Lost Ballet Histories and the Case of Madame Mariquita

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 296-310
Author(s):  
Sarah Gutsche-Miller
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Narratives ◽  
The Past ◽  
Documentary Sources ◽  
The Press ◽  
State Archives

Dance historians have long relied on institutional archives when reconstructing the past. Yet archives are notoriously incomplete and biased, promoting certain voices and leaving others out. This article offers a case study of what is lost when we look only at official archives. My focus is on turn-of-the-twentieth-century Paris, a time and place long thought to have been devoid of creative ballet choreography. I begin with a brief inventory of the state archives and compare those records to information recovered from the press, then demonstrate how different historical narratives can be constructed when comparing these two documentary sources. I conclude with an example of how fragmentary archives can skew history through a case study of Madame Mariquita, a once celebrated choreographer who has been left out of canonic history.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document