scholarly journals Vaccination with Trichinella Spirallis Antigens Increases CD8+ Peripheral T Cells and Enhances the TH2 Immune Response in Leishmania Infantum Challenged MICE

2009 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Daoudaki ◽  
A. Diakou ◽  
S. Frydas ◽  
I. Fouzas ◽  
E. Karagounp ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Peripheral T Cells

scholarly journals Is the Prevalence of Leishmania infantum Linked to Breeds in Dogs? Characterization of Seropositive Dogs in Ibiza

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2579
Author(s):  
Maria Edo ◽  
Pablo Jesús Marín-García ◽  
Lola Llobat
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Protozoan Parasite ◽  
Disease Stage ◽  
Doberman Pinscher ◽  
Th2 Immune Response ◽  
Mediterranean Island ◽  
Antibody Titers ◽  
The Relationship

Leishmaniosis is an important zoonotic protozoan disease primarily spread to the Mediterranean region by Leishmania infantum, the predominant protozoan species, which accounts for the majority of cases. Development of disease depends on the immune response of the definitive host and, predictably, their genetic background. Recent studies have revealed breed-typical haplotypes that are susceptible to the spread of the protozoan parasite. The objective of this study was to analyze the prevalence of leishmaniosis on a Mediterranean island and determine the relationship between disease prevalence and breed. In addition, information on seropositive animals was recorded to characterize animals affected by the disease. To study the prevalence, a total of 3141 dogs were analyzed. Of these, the 149 infected animals were examined for age, sex, antibody titer, and disease stage. We observed a prevalence of 4.74%, which varied between breeds (p < 0.05). The Doberman Pinscher and Boxer breeds had the highest prevalence of leishmaniosis. Significant differences were observed between breeds with common ancestors, emphasizing the important genetic component. Finally, regarding the characterization of seropositive animals, the distribution is similar to other studies. We discovered a relationship (p < 0.05) between the number of antibody titers and the clinical disease stage, which was also present in Leishmania infantum, suggesting that the development of the disease depends on the humoral or Th2 immune response with ineffective antibodies.

scholarly journals Rapid proliferation of activated lymph node CD4+ T cells is achieved by greatly curtailing the duration of gap phases in cell cycle progression

2014 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuya Mishima ◽  
Shoko Toda ◽  
Yoshiaki Ando ◽  
Tsukasa Matsunaga ◽  
Manabu Inobe
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Progression ◽  
Cycle Times ◽  
Peripheral T Cells ◽  
G0 Phase

AbstractPeripheral T cells are in G0 phase and do not proliferate. When they encounter an antigen, they enter the cell cycle and proliferate in order to initiate an active immune response. Here, we have determined the first two cell cycle times of a leading population of CD4+ T cells stimulated by PMA plus ionomycin in vitro. The first cell cycle began around 10 h after stimulation and took approximately 16 h. Surprisingly, the second cell cycle was extremely rapid and required only 6 h. T cells might have a unique regulatory mechanism to compensate for the shortage of the gap phases in cell cycle progression. This unique feature might be a basis for a quick immune response against pathogens, as it maximizes the rate of proliferation.

scholarly journals The Role of B Cells in the Development of CD4 Effector T Cells during a Polarized Th2 Immune Response

2007 ◽  
Vol 179 (6) ◽  
pp. 3821-3830 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qian Liu ◽  
Zhugong Liu ◽  
Cristina T. Rozo ◽  
Hossein A. Hamed ◽  
Farhang Alem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
B Cells ◽  
Effector T Cells ◽  
Th2 Immune Response

The depletion of Foxp3+/CD25+ regulatory T cells drives a Th2 immune response and reduces severity in a mouse model of acute pancreatitis.

Pancreatology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. S26
Author(s):  
Juliane Glaubitz ◽  
Anika Wilden ◽  
Cindy van den Brandt ◽  
Frank Ulrich Weiss ◽  
Julia Mayerle ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Acute Pancreatitis ◽  
Regulatory T Cells ◽  
Mouse Model ◽  
Th2 Immune Response

Subsets of CD4 + T cells and their roles in autoimmunity

1993 ◽  
Vol 342 (1299) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
Autoimmune Disease ◽  
Tissue Distribution ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Autoreactive T Cells ◽  
Laboratory Rats ◽  
Self Tolerance ◽  
Peripheral T Cells

The CD4 molecule has a very restricted tissue distribution being found at high levels only on subpopulations of thymocytes and peripheral T cells. This finding implicated the molecule in the specialized actions of these cells and provided the impetus for studies directed at determining the function of the CD4 molecule itself and of those T cells that expressed it. The first part of this paper reviews briefly some of the earlier work in this field in which Alan Williams played such a major role. The paper concludes with an account of more recent findings which reveal that CD4 + T cells are themselves phenotypically heterogeneous and that the different subsets that can be identified mediate markedly different immunological functions. In particular studies with laboratory rats have shown that one subset plays an essential role in the prevention of autoimmunity. This finding indicates that self tolerance cannot be accounted for entirely in terms of the deletion or irreversible inactivation of autoreactive T cells and raises a number of questions about how the immune response to self antigens is actively regulated and how possible deficiencies in this regulation may give rise to autoimmune disease.

scholarly journals Suppression of the Immune Response by Syngeneic Splenocytes Adoptively Transferred to Sublethally Irradiated Mice

Acta Naturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 116-126
Author(s):  
Anastasia A. Kalinina ◽  
Ludmila M. Khromykh ◽  
Dmitry B. Kazansky ◽  
Alexey V. Deikin ◽  
Yulia Yu. Silaeva
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
T Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
Cd8 T Cells ◽  
Adoptive Transfer ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Memory Cells ◽  
Peripheral T Cells ◽  
Major Surface ◽  
Donor Lymphocytes

The peripheral T-cell pool consists of several, functionally distinct populations of CD8+ T cells. CD44 and CD62L are among the major surface markers that allow us to define T-cell populations. The expression of these molecules depends on the functional status of a T lymphocyte. Under lymphopenic conditions, peripheral T cells undergo homeostatic proliferation and acquire the memory-like surface phenotype CD44hiCD62Lhi. However, the data on the functional activity of these cells remains controversial. In this paper, we analyzed the effects of the adoptive transfer of syngeneic splenocytes on the recovery of CD8+ T cells in sublethally irradiated mice. Our data demonstrate that under lymphopenia, donor lymphocytes form a population of memory-like CD8+ T cells with the phenotype CD122+CD5+CD49dhiCXCR3+ that shares the phenotypic characteristics of true memory cells and suppressive CD8+ T cells. Ex vivo experiments showed that after adoptive transfer in irradiated mice, T cells lacked the functions of true effector or memory cells; the allogeneic immune response and immune response to pathogens were greatly suppressed in these mice.

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