Cyberbullying Perpetration by Arab Youth: The Direct and Interactive Role of Individual, Family, and Neighborhood Characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (12) ◽  
pp. 2498-2524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mona Khoury-Kassabri ◽  
Faye Mishna ◽  
Adeem Ahmad Massarwi
Keyword(s):  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Neighborhood Violence ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Individual Family ◽  
Arab Students ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
High Level

This study adopts a social-ecological/contextual perspective to explore Arab youth involvement in cyberbullying perpetration. We explored the association between individual (age, gender, and impulsivity), family (socioeconomic status and parental monitoring), and community (experiencing neighborhood violence) characteristics and cyberbullying perpetration. A moderation model exploring individual, family, and context interactions was tested. A sample of 3,178 Arab students in Grades 7 to 11 completed a structured, anonymous self-report questionnaire. The findings suggest that almost 14% of the participants have cyberbullied others during the last month. Adolescent boys with high impulsivity, low parental monitoring, and who experience a high level of violence in their neighborhood are at especially high risk of cyberbullying perpetration. Parental monitoring moderated the effects of impulsivity and experiencing neighborhood violence on adolescents’ involvement in perpetrating cyberbullying. Furthermore, the results show that impulsive adolescents who experience high levels of neighborhood violence are at higher risk of cyberbullying perpetration than low impulsive children who experience the same levels of neighborhood violence. The results highlight the central role parenting plays in protecting their children from involvement in cyberbullying perpetration by buffering the effects of personal and situational risk factors.

scholarly journals The role of pregnancy acceptability in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine McNamara ◽  
Alixandra Risi ◽  
Amy L. Bird ◽  
Michelle L. Townsend ◽  
Jane S. Herbert
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Mental Health ◽  
Maternal Mental Health ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Physical Quality ◽  
Moderation Model ◽  
Important Time ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Pregnancy is an important time for women’s mental health and marks the foundations of the emerging bond between mother and baby. This study aimed to investigate the role of pregnancy acceptability and intendedness in maternal mental health and bonding during pregnancy. Methods Data were collected from a sample of 116 Australian pregnant women through a series of self-report questionnaires pertaining to mental health and antenatal bonding. Results Women with low pregnancy acceptability reported higher depression, anxiety and total distress, and lower antenatal bonding, physical and environmental quality of life. Women who reported their pregnancy was intended reported higher physical quality of life than those who reported their pregnancy was unintended. The relationship between total distress and antenatal bonding was moderated by women’s degree of pregnancy acceptability (low versus high). For women with low acceptability, higher distress was associated with lower bonding, but there was no such association for women with high pregnancy acceptability. The moderation model examining associations between distress and pregnancy acceptability explained 15% of the variance in antenatal bonding scores. Conclusion Consideration of women’s appraisal of their pregnancy acceptability may provide a valuable framework for identifying individuals who may be at risk for mental health and bonding difficulties.

scholarly journals Social-Ecological Predictors of Opioid Use Among Adolescents With Histories of Substance Use Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lindsey M. Nichols ◽  
Jonathan A. Pedroza ◽  
Christopher M. Fleming ◽  
Kaitlin M. O’Brien ◽  
Emily E. Tanner-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Risk And Protective Factors ◽  
Opioid Misuse ◽  
Opioid Use ◽  
Perceived Availability ◽  
Social Ecological

Adolescent opioid misuse is a public health crisis, particularly among clinical populations of youth with substance misuse histories. Given the negative and often lethal consequences associated with opioid misuse among adolescents, it is essential to identify the risk and protective factors underlying early opioid misuse to inform targeted prevention efforts. Understanding the role of parental risk and protective factors is particularly paramount during the developmental stage of adolescence. Using a social-ecological framework, this study explored the associations between individual, peer, family, community, and school-level risk and protective factors and opioid use among adolescents with histories of substance use disorders (SUDs). Further, we explored the potential moderating role of poor parental monitoring in the associations between the aforementioned risk and protective factors and adolescent opioid use. Participants included 294 adolescents (Mage = 16 years; 45% female) who were recently discharged from substance use treatment, and their parents (n = 323). Results indicated that lifetime opioid use was significantly more likely among adolescents endorsing antisocial traits and those whose parents reported histories of substance abuse. Additionally, adolescents reporting more perceived availability of substances were significantly more likely to report lifetime opioid use compared to those reporting lower perceived availability of substances. Results did not indicate any significant moderation effects of parental monitoring on any associations between risk factors and lifetime opioid use. Findings generally did not support social-ecological indicators of opioid use in this high-risk population of adolescents, signaling that the social-ecological variables tested may not be salient risk factors among adolescents with SUD histories. We discuss these findings in terms of continuing care options for adolescents with SUD histories that target adolescents’ antisocial traits, perceived availability of substances, and parent histories of substance abuse, including practical implications for working with families of adolescents with SUD histories.

scholarly journals The role of family factors and self-regulation: Problem behavior in Georgian adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-155
Author(s):  
Tinatini Bandzeladze ◽  
Luiza Arutiunov ◽  
Pablo Espinosa
Keyword(s):  
Problem Behavior ◽  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
Deviant Behavior ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Family Factors ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Parental Modeling ◽  
The Law ◽  
Behavior Models

The aim of this study is to assess the psychosocial factors of adolescents’ problem behavior. Within this research, the relationships among family structure, parental modeling, parental monitoring, and adolescents’ self-regulation were assessed. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires. The sample consisted of 150 participants aged 14 to 17. Sixty adolescents were in conflict with the law, and the other 90 adolescents who did not have such a contact with the legal system. Results show that more adolescents in conflict with the law live in single-parent families than their peers who do not have a similar experience. At the same time, adolescents living with single parents have a higher mean score of problem behavior and a lower mean score of parental monitoring. Correlational and regression analyses revealed that parents’ problem behavior models and parental monitoring are statistically significant predictors of adolescents’ problem behavior. In the present study, self-regulation was revealed to be a significant correlate of adolescents’ problem behavior, and that family factors mediate the relationship between self-regulation and problem behavior. Results also confirm the importance of an approach for the prevention of deviant behavior focused primarily on family supporting measures.

scholarly journals ANTECEDENTS AND CONSEQUENTS OF PROSPERITY AT WORK: A MEDIATION-MODERATION MODEL

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
VLADIMIR P. NOVAES ◽  
MARIA C. FERREIRA ◽  
HELENIDES MENDONÇA ◽  
CLÁUDIO V. TORRES
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Role Performance ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Moderation Model

ABSTRACT Purpose: To investigate the relationship between participation in decision making and social support at work with role performance at work, as well as the mediator role of work prosperity and the moderator role of self-efficacy. Originality/value: The study contributes to the enhancement of the monological net of the concept of prosperity at work, by testing a model that includes other rather neglected constructs as antecedents and consequents of prosperity at work, and by analyzing the role of a personal asset in these relationships, based on the demands-resources model (JD-R). Design/methodology/approach: This is an empirical study, with a quantitative approach of correlational nature, that tested seven hypotheses. The data were collected with self-report questionnaires, and analyzed with structural equation modelling. Findings: All hypotheses were corroborated and indicated that: participation in the decision making and social support have a positive impact on prosperity at work; prosperity at work has a mediation role in the relation between these variables and role performance at work; self-efficacy moderates the positive relations of participation at work and social support with prosperity at work, increasing these relations. The study has important implications for the literature in the field, contributing to the application of the model of prosperity at work to Brazilian samples. Organizations may benefit from these findings if the policies that enhance prosperity are implemented in the organizational environment, obtaining competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Understanding the Correlates of Face-to-Face and Cyberbullying Victimization Among U.S. Adolescents: A Social-Ecological Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 638-663 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Sung Hong ◽  
Jungup Lee ◽  
Dorothy L. Espelage ◽  
Simon C. Hunter ◽  
Desmond Upton Patton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parental Monitoring ◽  
School Context ◽  
Family Satisfaction ◽  
National Sample ◽  
Family Context ◽  
Family Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Cyberbullying Victimization ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Positive Feelings

Using a national sample of 7,533 U.S. adolescents in grades 6–10, this study compares the social-ecological correlates of face-to-face and cyberbullying victimization. Results indicate that younger age, male sex, hours spent on social media, family socioeconomic status (SES; individual context), parental monitoring (family context), positive feelings about school, and perceived peer support in school (school context) were negatively associated with both forms of victimization. European American race, Hispanic/Latino race (individual), and family satisfaction (family context) were all significantly associated with less face-to-face victimization only, and school pressure (school context) was significantly associated with more face-to-face bullying. Peer groups accepted by parents (family context) were related to less cyberbullying victimization, and calling/texting friends were related to more cyberbullying victimization. Research and practice implications are discussed.

scholarly journals Role of Knowledge, Attitude, on the Adoption of Improved Pearl Millet by Farmers in North-east, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 9100-9105
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Pearl Millet ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Systematic Sampling ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
North East ◽  
High Level ◽  
Adoption Level

In Developing Countries Like Nigeria, An Effective Progression On Appropriate Improved Technologies Is Associated With Its Acceptance Among Farmers. This Study Investigated The Role Of Knowledge, Attitude, With Its Relationship And Influence Towards Adoption Of The Improved Pearl Millet By Farmers In North-East Nigeria. Purposive And Systematic Sampling Technique Was Used In Selecting 477 Pearl Millet Farmers In North-Eastern Nigeria. Respondents Information Were Collected Through Self-Report Questionnaire. Descriptive, Correlation And Regression Analysis Was Used To Analyzed The Data. Findings Revealead That, Respondents Level Of Knowledge Indicates High Level. While, Attitude Recorded Moderate Level. Also, Findings On The Adoption Level Among Respondents Recorded High Level. Furthermore The Outcome On The Relationship Between Knowledge, Attitude Towards Adoption Revealed Positive Relationship At (P<0.01). Also, From The Results Of The Regression Analysis, It Revealed That Knowledge (Β=.283) Contributed Most Towards Adoption. While, Attitude Did Not Contribute Towards Adoption. Hence, The Adj. R2 Of 0.366 Indicates That Knowledge Had Significantly Contributed With 36.6 % Of The Variance Towards Adoption. Thus, The Study Suggest That, Pearl Millet Growers Should Be Encouraged Towards Developing Positive Attitude Towards Improved Pearl Millet Technologies. More So, Stakeholders In Collaboration With Change Agents Are Required To Strictly Focus On Programmes, With The Emphasis Towards Developing Farmers Attitude, Which Could Influence Adoption Of The Improved Pearl Millet And Other Relevant Areas Of Improvement In North-East, And Other Pearl Millet Producing Regions In Nigeria.

Delving into the Social Ecology of Leisure-Time Physical Activity Among Adolescents From South Eastern Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1136-1144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique Garcia Bengoechea ◽  
Francisco Ruiz Juan ◽  
Paula Louise Bush
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Leisure Time ◽  
Leisure Time Physical Activity ◽  
Peer Group ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Social Ecological ◽  
Participation Motives

Background:Worldwide, there is a growing concern with adolescents’ low levels of physical activity (PA). We used a comprehensive social ecological framework to uncover factors associated with leisure-time physical activity (LTPA) among adolescents from southeastern Spain.Methods:A population-based sample of 3249 adolescents aged 12–17 participated in a school-based survey in 2006. Potential correlates of participation in and level of LTPA were assessed through self-report. LTPA levels were also self-reported. We used gender-stratified logistic regression models to examine the associations among the variables of interest.Results:Consistent with a social ecological perspective, analyses revealed several factors, corresponding to different levels of organization (demographic, biological, psychological, behavioral, social) and behavioral settings (family, peer group, school), significantly associated with LTPA. Some of these factors varied as a function of gender and depending on whether the outcome considered was nonparticipation vs. participation in LTPA or high vs. low level of involvement among participants. Overall, the findings highlight the role of health-related participation motives, significant others’ attitudes toward PA, and grade in physical education as correlates of LTPA in this sample.Conclusions:Continued research is necessary to understand the complex interplay of factors and settings associated with adolescent LTPA and the role of gender.

Searching for ‘success’: generation, gender and onward migration in the Iranian diaspora

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-112 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melissa Kelly
Keyword(s):  
Life History ◽  
Young Age ◽  
Onward Migration ◽  
Social Fields ◽  
Transnational Social Fields ◽  
High Level ◽  
Iranian Diaspora

This article uses the concepts of ‘transnational social fields’ and ‘habitus’ to explore the multifaceted role families play in shaping the aspirations of onward migrating youth. The article draws on biographical life history interviews conducted with the children of Iranian migrants who were raised in Sweden but moved to London, UK as adults. The findings of the study suggest that from a young age, all the participants were pressured by their parents to perform well academically, and to achieve high level careers. These goals were easier to achieve in London than in Sweden for several reasons. Interestingly, however, participants’ understandings of what constituted success and their motivations for onward migration were nuanced and varied considerably by gender. The study contributes to an understanding of the role of multi-sited transnational social fields in shaping the aspirations of migrant youths, as well as the strategies taken up by these migrants to achieve their goals.

Decision making power of college girls in relation to clothing

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parul Gill ◽  
Poonam Malik ◽  
Pankaj Gill
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Satisfaction Level ◽  
College Going ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction ◽  
High Level ◽  
Garment Design ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The present study was undertaken to explore the decision making patterns of college girls in relation to clothing and their satisfaction level with these decision making patterns. Thirty under graduate college girls from Panipat city were approached to record their responses regarding decision making in relation to clothing and satisfaction level through a well structured questionnaire. It was found that most of the girls (56.66%) themselves made the decisions about the type of garment (Indian, western or both) they wear and majority of girls (70%) were highly satisfied with this decision making. Parents performed the role of buyers for their college going daughters' garments in most of the cases (63.33%) and the 73.33% girls had high level of satisfaction with this. In most of the cases (60%) the decision about the garment design was made by the girls themselves and they were highly satisfied with it. Keywords: clothing, college, girls, decision making.

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