Structural Labor Precariousness in Peru

2020 ◽  
pp. 089692052093842
Author(s):  
Jan Lust
Keyword(s):  
Structural Condition ◽  
International Division ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Neoliberal Development ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
Precarious Labor ◽  
Business Structure

The role of Peru in the international division of labor is the structural condition for the persistence of labor precariousness in the country. At a more concrete level, labor precariousness is an expression of the economic and business structure of the country. An economic structure heavily dependent on the non-tradable sectors and a business structure dominated by micro business undertakings do not permit the eradication of precarious labor conditions as economic growth hinges on economic progress abroad and precariousness is the source of profit of micro companies. Labor precariousness is not an automatic consequence of Peru’s role in the globalized capitalist world, but rather the social and economic consequence of the neoliberal policies implemented in the 1990s and, in particular, the current neoliberal development model in place.

Abolitionism and the Social Conscience

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Ditchfield
Keyword(s):  
Public Opinion ◽  
Social Reform ◽  
Slave Trade ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Triangular Trade ◽  
Reform Needs

Explanations of the abolition of the slave trade have been the subject of intense historical debate. Earlier accounts tended to play up the role of individual, heroic abolitionists and their religious, particularly evangelical, motivation. Eric Williams argued that the decline in profitability of the ‘Triangular trade’ was important in persuading people that the slave trade hindered, rather than helped, economic progress. More recent work has rehabilitated the role of some abolitionists but has set this alongside the importance of campaigning and petitioning in shifting public opinion. The role that the slaves themselves played in bringing attention to their plight is also now recognized. Consequently, the importance of abolitionism for a sense of Dissenting self-identity and as part of broader attempts to influence social reform needs to be reconsidered.

Structuralism

2019 ◽  
pp. 73-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian Brückner
Keyword(s):  
Power Relations ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Newly Industrialized Countries ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Social ◽  
Capitalist World Economy ◽  
Capitalist World ◽  
International Power

Structuralist transformation approaches were first developed by neo-Marxist critics dissatisfied with classic modernization theory. Rather than assuming a universal path to democracy that all countries eventually follow, structuralist explanations view democratization as merely one possible outcome of more fundamental changes in a society’s class and power relations. After discussing Barrington Moore’s early attempt to identify the social origins of dictatorship and democracy, this chapter turns to the role of the state and international power relations. World-system and dependency theory link the emergence of bureaucratic-authoritarian regimes in newly industrialized countries to their late integration into the capitalist world economy. Dependent development changes the nature of class relations and the outlook of the bourgeoisie thereby hampering democracy. Yet the chapter continues to show that the final push for democratic inclusion has typically been by the working class. Finally, a synthesis of different structuralist arguments and Vanhanen’s Index of Power Resources are presented.

A new kind of radio: FM broadcasting in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (8) ◽  
pp. 1084-1099 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biswarup Sen
Keyword(s):  
Management Strategies ◽  
Profound Change ◽  
The Past ◽  
Fm Radio ◽  
The Social ◽  
Structure Programming ◽  
History Of ◽  
Business Structure

In 2001, India’s first private FM station – Radio City, Bangalore – came on air, ending an era of state broadcasting that began in 1930. In the past decade, FM radio has enjoyed spectacular success: over 200 stations are now in operation, and the FM industry has seen spectacular growth in listenership and revenues. FM’s impact goes beyond economics; it is now a cultural signifier synonymous with modernity – as the ‘tagline’ for a popular FM network puts it ‘Radio Mirchi – it’s hot!’ FM, I argue in this article, represents a new kind of radio. The shift from state-controlled, nationwide AM transmission to corporate-owned local FM broadcasting signals a profound change in the very philosophy of radio in India. This article offers a brief account of the history of Indian radio and analyzes the social and economic factors that necessitated a change in modes of broadcasting. It also brings its claims into focus through using a case study that looks at the business structure, programming policies, and audience management strategies of one very popular FM station – Radio Mirchi, Kolkata – in order to demonstrate how these newly shaped practices are reinventing the role of radio in contemporary India.

scholarly journals The Role of Livestock in Developing Communities: Enhancing Multifunctionality

2010 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Health It ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Economic Progress ◽  
The Social ◽  
Developing Communities ◽  
Academic Professionals

The book provides critical information and knowledge on the importance of livestock in the global effort to alleviate poverty and promote human health. It describes and evaluates case studies, examines theoretical frameworks, and discusses key global policy development issues, challenges and constraints related to smallholder livestock-production systems around the globe. The book is written for academic professionals, industry experts, government officials and other scholars interested in the facts and issues concerning the contribution of livestock to the social and economic progress of developing countries.

The Legal Construction of Precarity: Lessons from the Construction Sectors in Beijing and Delhi

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 549-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irene Pang
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Labor Disputes ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
The Law ◽  
Legal Construction ◽  
Precarious Labor ◽  
Worker Resistance

This article seeks to disentangle the concepts of “precarity” and “informality” to examine the role of the state in structuring and reproducing precarious labor conditions. Using two cases of labor disputes from the construction sectors in Beijing and Delhi, this article traces the ways through which precarity is structured and reproduced by the state through the law, and reflects on the implications for worker resistance and claim-making.

Social Representations and Commitment

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 233-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Bonetto ◽  
Fabien Girandola ◽  
Grégory Lo Monaco
Keyword(s):  
Social Representations ◽  
Social Representation ◽  
Second Line ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
First Line ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
The Social ◽  
Bibliographic Search ◽  
English Articles

Abstract. This contribution consists of a critical review of the literature about the articulation of two traditionally separated theoretical fields: social representations and commitment. Besides consulting various works and communications, a bibliographic search was carried out (between February and December, 2016) on various databases using the keywords “commitment” and “social representation,” in the singular and in the plural, in French and in English. Articles published in English or in French, that explicitly made reference to both terms, were included. The relations between commitment and social representations are approached according to two approaches or complementary lines. The first line follows the role of commitment in the representational dynamics: how can commitment transform the representations? This articulation gathers most of the work on the topic. The second line envisages the social representations as determinants of commitment procedures: how can these representations influence the effects of commitment procedures? This literature review will identify unexploited tracks, as well as research perspectives for both areas of research.

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