A model of electoral alliances in highly fragmented party systems

2020 ◽  
pp. 095162982096318
Author(s):  
Marcelo de C Griebeler ◽  
Roberta Carnelos Resende
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Alliance Formation ◽  
Sealed Bid ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Groups

Highly fragmented party systems are composed of a large number of political groups, many of which have negligible bargaining power when it comes to negotiations of electoral alliances. Inspired by the Brazilian system—one of the most fragmented in the world—we provide a stylized model of electoral alliances in which there is a competition for the support of the small parties. Two leading parties try to entice a small one by simultaneously offering transfers (e.g. government positions, support in other elections, prestige). Through a first-price sealed-bid auction approach, we can analyze the role of two particular factors in alliance formation, namely pragmatism and ideology. Our findings show that, in equilibrium, the favorite party tends to offer lower transfers than the underdog. Furthermore, the closer the leading and the small parties are in terms of ideology, the smaller the transferred amount. When the ideological closeness between the small party and the underdog is sufficiently large—relative to the favorite—the effect may be strong enough to overcome the electoral advantage of the favorite.

scholarly journals „Odnowa”, „Osnowy Literackie”, „Wymiary” (1938–1939): wybory literackie orężem w budowaniu odrodzonej Ojczyzny?

2020 ◽  
pp. 353-374
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Bańkowska ◽  
Magdalena Przybysz-Stawska
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
World War Ii ◽  
World War ◽  
Social Attitude ◽  
World Book ◽  
Literary Journals ◽  
The World ◽  
Met Needs ◽  
Political Groups

Two decades after independence recovering Polish intellectuals and writers were looking for new Poland ideal form. Close to the end of the thirties in twentieth century, in view of unstable situation in Poland and into the world, book and press became important tool for promotion of political and cultural ideas coming from different political groups. Taking into account this perspective special attention should pay on the editorial and literary organisation, developed fast in last years before the World War II. The aim of this presentation is to show the role of local social and literary journals from Lodz area (“Odnowa”, “Osnowy Literackie”, “Wymiary”), issued just before WWII, in creating of cultural and social attitude. It will be analyse 20 numbers of selected periodicals, covered years 1938-1939. The collected material will be used to find answers for below listed questions: how literal taste of readers was formed; how the selected journals met needs of society in the area of culture and ideology; in this very important moment for Poland.  

scholarly journals Buruh Migran Indonesia Dalam Diplomasi Multi-jalur

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Anita Afriani Sinulingga ◽  
Ranny Emilia
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Foreign Affairs ◽  
International Level ◽  
The Third ◽  
The World ◽  
Asean Countries ◽  
The Government

In interacting with other nations within the international level, Indonesia’s traditional diplomacy is conducted by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Here, it plays a role as the representative of the government. However, in today’s advanced era, diplomacy is an instrument that should involve every component of the society, including the migrant workers”. The current problematic is that there are hundreds to millions of Indonesian migrant workers residing in other countries but Indonesia has failed to actualize these workers as power for its foreign policy.  Every year, hundred of thousands of Indonesians migrate to other countries to work. These workers reside in various countries all over the world, including in ASEAN countries. Malaysia has the second largest number of Indonesian migrant workers after Saudi Arabia. Until today, these Indonesian migrants are merely considered as labor force. They are not valued as structural importance who has bargaining power in diplomatic practice.  The purpose of this writing is to operationalize the concept of multi track diplomacy in an attempt to enforce the role of migrant workers as a non-diplomatic group to further strengthen Indonesia’s diplomatic posture. As an agent of the third-track diplomacy, this writing will further describe the role of migrant workers as the foundation of diplomatic strength.

Speed, law and the global economy: How economic acceleration contributes to inequality and precarity

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 557-576
Author(s):  
Nicolás M. Perrone
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Economic Relations ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
International Production ◽  
The World ◽  
The Law ◽  
The International Monetary Fund

AbstractThe law is implicated in many of the relations that produce inequality and precarity in the global economy. It contributes in different ways to the unequal bargaining power between states, capital, and labour. One way that has attracted less attention so far relates to how the law accelerates economic relations. This article examines the role of law in the global economy not by focusing on the international economic institutions, such as the World Trade Organization (WTO), the European Union (EU) or the International Monetary Fund (IMF), but on the transactions that plug maquila workers and freelancers into the global economy. The argument is that the speed of these economic relations favours those who command international production, creating what Hartmut Rosa calls a ‘frenetic standstill’. Importantly, the law can also contribute to changing these bargaining dynamics by slowing down some of these transactions and facilitating their territorial re-embedding. This strategy, however, requires a better understanding of the role of law in transnational networks of contracts as well as more state and non-state international co-ordination: The opposite of nationalist attitudes, such as Brexit and Trump’s trade policy.

scholarly journals RESPON ISLAM TERHADAP PERUBAHAN SOSIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-90
Author(s):  
Mohammad Deny Irawan
Keyword(s):  
Social Change ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Community Life ◽  
World Community ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World

As a universal religion, Islam has promised social change in society. Even so, a number of Muslim and Islamic scholars have also admitted that Islam has all the conditions to rise and color the social life of the world community. This article will explain the Islamic response to social change in society, including the role of fatwa as ijtihad products. Religion and Social still get space in the community. At least there are 3 bargaining power positions that are given between religion and society, namely: Religious affairs are more dominant, community affairs are more dominant and compromise between religion and social society in the frame of religion and social frame. This certainly shows that religion as a response to social change as a win-win solution to community life. Sebagai agama universal, Islam telah menjanjikan perubahan sosial di masyarakat. Pun demikian dengan sejumlah cendekiawan muslim serta Islamolog ikut mengakui jika Islam memiliki segala syarat untuk bangkit dan mewarnai kehidupan sosial masyarakat dunia. Artikel ini akan menjelaskan tentang respon Islam terhadap perubahan sosial masyarakat termasuk juga perani fatwa sebagai produk ijtihad. Agama dan Sosial masih mendapatkan ruang di masyarakat. Setidaknya ada 3 posisi daya tawar yang diberikan antara agama dan masyarakat, yaitu: Urusan agama lebih dominan, urusan masyarakat lebih dominan dan kompromi antara agama dan sosial kemasyarakatan dalam bingkai agama maupun bingkai sosial. Hal ini tentunya menunjukan bahwa agama sebagai respon perubahan sosial sebagai win win solution kehidupan bermasyarakat.

The Political Impact of the Radical Right

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Hale Williams
Keyword(s):  
Western Europe ◽  
Party Systems ◽  
Radical Right ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Law And Order ◽  
Dynamic Interactions ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Political Impact ◽  
The World

Popular and partisan reactions to multiculturalism have proven pervasive in societies around the world. As governments work to direct policy toward immigrants, law and order, and social welfare provision, among other areas, populist radical right-wing parties have contributed to the discourse, agendas, and policy responses. Still, scholars debate the precise role of radical right-wing parties and the degree of causal credit due to them. This chapter contends that despite the causal complexity, evidence of RRP impact can be found in contextualized understanding of dynamic interactions within national party systems affected by sociopolitical conditions, actors, and institutions. It examines four indicators of RRP impact with evidence from Western Europe, Eastern Europe, and several other countries around the world. Radical right-wing party impact can be either direct or indirect, as RRPs mediate issue debates, particularly on immigration, multiculturalism, and national identity.

The essence and causes of the spiritual and moral decline of mankind in the XX century

1998 ◽  
pp. 124-127
Author(s):  
V. Tolkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Religious Institutions ◽  
Social Force ◽  
The World ◽  
Role Of Religion

One of the most important reasons for such a clearly distressed state of society was the decline of religion as a social force, the external manifestation of which is the weakening of religious institutions. "Religion," Baha'u'llah writes, "is the greatest of all means of establishing order in the world to the universal satisfaction of those who live in it." The weakening of the foundations of religion strengthened the ranks of ignoramuses, gave them impudence and arrogance. "I truly say that everything that belittles the supreme role of religion opens way for the revelry of maliciousness, inevitably leading to anarchy. " In another Tablet, He says: "Religion is a radiant light and an impregnable fortress that ensures the safety and well-being of the peoples of the world, for God-fearing induces man to adhere to the good and to reject all evil." Blink the light of religion, and chaos and distemper will set in, the radiance of justice, justice, tranquility and peace. "

The problem of periodization of the history of religion

1997 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Borys Lobovyk
Keyword(s):  
Religious Studies ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Religious Development ◽  
History Of Religion ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Role Of Religion

An important problem of religious studies, the history of religion as a branch of knowledge is the periodization process of the development of religious phenomenon. It is precisely here, as in focus, that the question of the essence and meaning of the religious development of the human being of the world, the origin of beliefs and cult, the reasons for the changes in them, the place and role of religion in the social and spiritual process, etc., are converging.

External Factors of Big Business Transformation in Russia

2005 ◽  
pp. 72-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya. Pappe ◽  
Ya. Galukhina
Keyword(s):  
Financial Market ◽  
Capital Market ◽  
Business Groups ◽  
External Factors ◽  
Big Business ◽  
Business Transformation ◽  
Global Standards ◽  
The World ◽  
Principal Subject

The paper is devoted to the role of the global financial market in the development of Russian big business. It proves that terms and standards posed by this market as well as opportunities it offers determine major changes in Russian big business in the last three years. The article examines why Russian companies go abroad to attract capital and provides data, which indicate the scope of this phenomenon. It stresses the effects of Russian big business’s interaction with the world capital market, including the modification of the principal subject of Russian big business from integrated business groups to companies and the changes in companies’ behavior: they gradually move away from the so-called Russian specifics and adopt global standards.

Thoughts on the Long-Term Strategy, Science and Democracy

2006 ◽  
pp. 4-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Abalkin
Keyword(s):  
Strategy Development ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Global Trends ◽  
The World ◽  
World Development ◽  
Crucial Condition

The article covers unified issues of the long-term strategy development, the role of science as well as democracy development in present-day Russia. The problems of budget proficit, the Stabilization Fund issues, implementation of the adopted national projects, an increasing role of regions in strengthening the integrity and prosperity of the country are analyzed. The author reveals that the protection of businessmen and citizens from the all-embracing power of bureaucrats is the crucial condition of democratization of the society. Global trends of the world development and expert functions of the Russian science are presented as well.

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