A novel engagement-pixel image edge tracking method for extracting gear tooth profile edge

2019 ◽  
Vol 234 (2) ◽  
pp. 405-416
Author(s):  
Jie Lu ◽  
Zhiqin Cai ◽  
Bin Yao ◽  
Binqiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Complex Conjugate ◽  
Edge Tracking ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Pixel Image ◽  
Image Edge ◽  
Gear Profile

Accurate gear profile plays an important role in determining the transmission performance of gear-drive equipment. In this paper, a novel method for extracting gear tooth profile edge is presented. The presented method is based on engagement-pixel image edge tracking (EPIET) technique, and does not rely on the traditional meshing theory. An algorithm for the proposed method is put forward. Firstly, instantaneous contact images between the envelope curves of the gear profile and the instantaneous locus of the cutting tool are acquired. Secondly, pixels on the boundary of the envelope curves are lighted and the instantaneous locus coordinates of the cutting tool are calibrated. Lastly, the pixel coordinates of instantaneous meshing points are extracted, based on the fact that there is exactly one contact point per instant, and major error sources of the presented method are discussed. To verify the effectiveness of the presented method, a case study is conducted on a face gear, which is a type of complex conjugate gear, to extract its tooth profile edge. In the study, the tooth profile error and the contact line error are investigated. The results demonstrate that the presented method, without knowing complicated meshing equations, can acquire feasible accuracy and stability, compared with traditional meshing equations. It is shown that the novel method can be extended to applications of digital design of complex conjugate curved surfaces, in a simple and fast manner.

Dynamic Load Analysis of Spur Gears Using a New Tooth Profile

1996 ◽  
Vol 118 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Y. Yoon ◽  
S. S. Rao
Keyword(s):  
Dynamic Load ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Transmission Error ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Gear Drive ◽  
Novel Method ◽  
Static Transmission Error ◽  
Load Analysis ◽  
Gear Profile

A novel method was presented by the authors to minimize the static transmission error using cubic splines (C.S.) for gear tooth profile. A reduction in the transmission error is expected to reduce the gear vibration and noise by lowering the dynamic tooth load in a meshing cycle. To establish this fact, a dynamic analysis of the gear drive with involute tooth and modified tooth profiles (using C.S.) is performed. For this, first the tooth deformation is found and then the tooth dynamic load is determined for all reasonable speeds. A parametric study is conducted to establish the superiority of the C.S. based gear profile over the involute profile as well as the other profiles based on the use of linear and parabolic tip reliefs.

Modeling of surface roughness in a novel magnetorheological gear profile finishing process

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440622097826
Author(s):  
Ravi Datt Yadav ◽  
Anant Kumar Singh ◽  
Kunal Arora
Keyword(s):  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Magnetic Flux Density ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finishing Process ◽  
Gear Profile

Fine finishing of spur gears reduces the vibrations and noise and upsurges the service life of two mating gears. A new magnetorheological gear profile finishing (MRGPF) process is utilized for the fine finishing of spur gear teeth profile surfaces. In the present study, the development of a theoretical mathematical model for the prediction of change in surface roughness during the MRGPF process is done. The present MRGPF is a controllable process with the magnitude of the magnetic field, therefore, the effect of magnetic flux density (MFD) on the gear tooth profile has been analyzed using an analytical approach. Theoretically calculated MFD is validated experimentally and with the finite element analysis. To understand the finishing process mechanism, the different forces acting on the gear surface has been investigated. For the validation of the present roughness model, three sets of finishing cycle experimentations have been performed on the spur gear profile by the MRGPF process. The surface roughness of the spur gear tooth surface after experimentation was measured using Mitutoyo SJ-400 surftest and is equated with the values of theoretically calculated surface roughness. The results show the close agreement which ranges from −7.69% to 2.85% for the same number of finishing cycles. To study the surface characteristics of the finished spur gear tooth profile surface, scanning electron microscopy is used. The present developed theoretical model for surface roughness during the MRGPF process predicts the finishing performance with cycle time, improvement in the surface quality, and functional application of the gears.

A Method for Constructing Standard Involute Gear Tooth Profile

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward E. Osakue ◽  
Lucky Anetor
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Contact Angles ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Computer Design ◽  
Solid Models ◽  
Module Size ◽  
Involute Gears ◽  
Base Circle ◽  
Involute Curve

A simple but accurate combined computationaland graphical method for creating drawings and solid models of standard involute gears is presented. The method is predicated on the fact that the gear tooth angle at the base circle is fixed for a gear of specified module or size. As the contact point moves along the involute curve from the base circle point through the pitch point to the addendum circle point; the involute and gear tooth contact angles change continuously but their sum is fixed at the value it was at the base circle. This allows the coordinates of points on the involute curve to be generated analytically without employing the roll angle as current available methods. The generated data can be implemented in any computer design drafting (CDD) package platform to create an accurate gear tooth profile. The computations are done with Microsoft Excel which generates the graphical data for the gear tooth profile that are used in the CDD package. The required inputs to the Excel spreadsheet are the gear module size, the pressure angle, the number of teeth and the radial number of steps. A gearset example is considered and created with this method. The solid model of the example gearset in mesh and 2D drawing of the pinion are presented.

A Contact Point Method for the Design of Form Cutters for Helical Gears

1994 ◽  
Vol 116 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. C. Xiao ◽  
C. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Minimum Distance ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Contact Point ◽  
Point Method ◽  
Tooth Surface ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Gear Profile

This article introduces a method to calculate contours of form cutters for machining helical gears from given gear tooth profiles. It is essential to find a relationship between the cutter contour and the gear profile in order to carry out the calculation. The method introduced in this article uses contact points between the cutter rotary surface and the gear tooth surface to establish the relationship. A minimum distance principle is applied. Equations for the calculation are derived and an example is given.

Mathematical Description of Spatial Hob-Generating Motion for an Arbitrary Gear Tooth Profile

2004 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 409-413
Author(s):  
Xian Ying Feng ◽  
H. Li ◽  
Xing Ai
Keyword(s):  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Special Kind ◽  
Arbitrary Point ◽  
Economic Importance ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Numerical Control ◽  
Special Shape ◽  
Great Economic Importance ◽  
Involute Gear

The purpose of this study is to develop a new kind of technology for the formation of an arbitrary gear tooth profile. In terms of spatial gear meshing theory, a universal transmission mathematical model for forming an arbitrary gear tooth profile has been constructed based on a standard involute gear hob. The coordinate relationship between an arbitrary point on hob cutting-edge curve and the generated point on workpiece has been deduced in detail. Hereby, an arbitrary gear tooth profile can be generated by means of computer flexible controlling each enveloped position on workpiece, and we do not need to spend so much money again to fabricate a special kind of gear cutting tool while cutting a special shape of gear tooth profile. So, this study has great economic importance, and has established the basis of generating an arbitrary gear tooth profile by means of an ordinary involute gear hob and a CNC (Computer Numerical Control) hobbing machine.

scholarly journals Gear Tooth Profile Reconstruction via Geometrically Compensated Laser Triangulation Measurements

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (7) ◽  
pp. 1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao Tian ◽  
Fan Wu ◽  
Yongjun Gong
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Geometric Model ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Laser Triangulation ◽  
Gear Pump ◽  
Geometrical Error ◽  
Pressure Dynamics ◽  
Pump Pressure ◽  
Profile Reconstruction ◽  
Gear Profile

Precision modeling of the hydraulic gear pump pressure dynamics depends on the accurate prediction of volumetric displacement in the inter-tooth spaces of the gear. By accurate reconstruction of the gear profile, detailed transient volumetric information can be determined. Therefore, this paper reports a non-contact gear measurement device using two opposing laser triangulation sensors, and the key geometrical models to reconstruct the profile with geometrical error compensation. An optimization-based key parameter calculation method is also proposed to find the unknown orientation of the sensor. Finally, an experimental setup is established, the performance of the device is tested and the geometric model is validated. Initial results showed that the method is able to reconstruct the target tooth profile and compensated results can reduce the geometrical error by up to 98% compared to the uncalibrated ones.

Impact of Gear Bias Control on Vehicle NVH

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eddy Sugyarto ◽  
Yuki Takahashi
Keyword(s):  
Product Development ◽  
Noise Level ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Vibration Level ◽  
Process Change ◽  
Noise And Vibration ◽  
Control Target ◽  
Airborne Noise ◽  
Gear Profile

This paper is based on Honda product development and maturation related to noise and vibration. During the development, it was discovered that the vibration level of the vehicle did not meet the desired level. These studies are aimed to reduce the noise and vibration felt in vehicle by improving the powertrain as the main source of the vibration. During the investigation, it was discovered that manufacturing process change from tooth shaving to tooth honing could have significant impact on the final tooth profile that essentially impact the noise and vibration level of the vehicle. The studies focus on bias control to improve the vibration level. This paper will show complete relationship between actual gear profile, vibration level of unit as powertrain, and finally airborne noise level of the complete vehicle as the final product. The studies resulted in shifting bias control target for the gear tooth profile, which translates to improved noise and vibration level in vehicle.

Numerical Algorithm of Tooth Profile of Noncircular Gear Pair

2012 ◽  
Vol 201-202 ◽  
pp. 194-197
Author(s):  
Ming Hui Fang
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Algorithm ◽  
Cutting Tool ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Gear Pair ◽  
Curve Part ◽  
Generating Method ◽  
Curve Change ◽  
Pitch Curve ◽  
Real Machine

According to the generating method theory, noncircular gear with all convex pitch curve can be processed by generating, author designed noncircular gear tooth profile, described a method of precisely calculating noncircular gear tooth profile. And proposed automatically optimizes the noncircular gear tooth profile meshing curve part separately by the identical rack cutting tool different side envelope. Through rack cutting tool along two gear center of rotation segment deviation pitch curve change modified quantity to avoid tooth undercut, realization nonzero modified. The driving gear and the driven gear tooth profile meshing curve part separately by the identical rack cutting tool different side envelope, guarantees when meshing zero clearance. The noncircular gear machined by this method has been used in real machine, which verifies the feasibility of the method.

Load Capacity of a New W-N Gear With Basic Rack of Combined Circular and Involute Profile

1985 ◽  
Vol 107 (4) ◽  
pp. 565-572 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Ariga ◽  
S. Nagata
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Test ◽  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Load Capacity ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Circular Arc ◽  
K Factor ◽  
Involute Curve ◽  
Gear Profile ◽  
Center Distance

A new W-N gear tooth profile is developed. The gear developed has an addendum of circular arc and a dedendum of involute curve. This particular tooth profile is believed to solve the problem of conventional W-N gear profile—that is, the profile is sensitive to center distance variations. No pitting on the gear was observed even after 1 × 107 revolutions cycle during the laboratory test using a pair of gear having specified values of Mn (normal module) = 4, β (helix angle) = 30 deg, and Lloyd’s K factor at 8 MPa.

Design Technique Research of Fine-Forged Spur Bevel Gear Tooth Profile Modification

2010 ◽  
Vol 443 ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
Huan Yong Cui ◽  
Xi Jie Tian ◽  
Dong Liang Wang
Keyword(s):  
Gear Tooth ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
Tooth Profile ◽  
Bevel Gear ◽  
Practical Calculation ◽  
Profile Modification ◽  
Basic Criterion ◽  
Tooth Profile Modification ◽  
Tooth Roots ◽  
Gear Profile

Gear tooth profile modification can be featured to improve working stability of gear equipments, abate noise and vibration, enhance loading ability and prolong usage life of the gears. Fine forged spur bevel gear are formed with molds, so it is economical to modify the gears by means of modifying mold cavity. Whether the modified gears can be separated from the mold with easiness is proposed to be the basic criterion of gear tooth profile modification design. Near the big ends and tooth roots is mainly the area which affects demolding after modification. According to the modified gear configuration, mathematical model is built to calculate the demolding check at any modification points on the fine forged spur bevel gear profile. And a corresponding program is developed, which is the main tool for the gear tooth profile modification design, and practical calculation has carried out.

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