Experimental thermodynamic performance analysis of semi-transparent photovoltaic-thermal hybrid collectors using nanofluids

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440892110136
Author(s):  
P Jidhesh ◽  
TV Arjunan ◽  
N Gunasekar ◽  
M Mohanraj
Keyword(s):  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Experimental Result ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Experimental Trials

In this article, the experimental thermodynamic performance analysis of a semi-transparent photovoltaic-thermal hybrid collector (SPV-THC) using CuO, Al2O3, TiO2 based nanofluids and water is investigated and compared with conventional opaque photovoltaic panels. The SPV-THC consists of a polycrystalline silicon cell photovoltaic module with a serpentine tube configuration heat sink. The influence of nanoparticle concentration, mass flow rate of nanofluids, ambient factors such as solar irradiation and ambient temperature on thermodynamic performance of SPV-THC have been experimentally studied under the weather conditions in Coimbatore, India. The concentration of nanoparticles and mass flow rate of nanofluids were optimized to 0.2% (by volume) and 0.016 kg/s, respectively based on experimental trials. The experimental result shows that the electrical efficiency of SPV-THC using CuO, TiO2, Al2O3 based nanofluids and water has been improved by 11.2%, 9.1%, 7.3% and 5.9% respectively than the conventional opaque photovoltaic modules. Also, the thermal efficiencies of SPV-THC using CuO, TiO2 and Al2O3 nanofluids improved by 42.6%, 34.8% and 19.7% respectively than water.

Three-Dimensional Fluid Dynamics and Radiative Heat Transfer Modeling of a Small Particle Solar Receiver

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Fernández del Campo ◽  
Fletcher Miller ◽  
Adam Crocker
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Small Particle ◽  
Radiative Heat ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Ansys Fluent ◽  
Solar Receiver

We present an investigation of the effects of the solar irradiation and mass flow conditions on the behavior of a Small Particle Solar Receiver employing our new, three-dimensional coupled fluid flow and radiative heat transfer model. This research expands on previous work conducted by our group and utilizes improved software with a set of new features that allows performing more flexible simulations and obtaining more accurate results. For the first time, it is possible not only to accurately predict the overall efficiency and the wall temperature distribution of the solar receiver, but also to determine the effect on the receiver of the window, the outlet tube, real solar irradiation from a heliostat field, non-cylindrical geometries and 3-D effects. This way, a much better understanding of the receiver’s capabilities is obtained. While the previous models were useful to observe simple trends, this new software is flexible and accurate enough to eventually act as a design and optimization tool for the actual receiver. The solution procedure relies on the coupling of the CFD package ANSYS Fluent to our in-house Monte Carlo Ray Trace (MCRT) software. On the one hand, ANSYS Fluent is utilized as the mass-, momentum- and energy-equation solver and requires the divergence of the radiative heat flux, which constitutes a source term of the energy equation. On the other hand, the MCRT software calculates the radiation heat transfer in the solar receiver and needs the temperature field to do so. By virtue of the coupled nature of the problem, both codes should provide feed-back to each other and iterate until convergence. The coupling between ANSYS Fluent and our in-house MCRT code is done via User-Defined Functions. After developing the mathematical model, setting up and validating the software, and optimizing the coupled solution procedure, the receiver has been simulated under fifteen different solar irradiation and mass flow rate cross combinations. Among other results, the behavior of the receiver at different times of the day and the optimum mass flow rate as a function of the solar thermal input are presented. On an average day, the thermal efficiency of the receiver is found to be over 89% and the outlet temperature over 1250 K at all times from 7:30 AM to 4:00 PM (Albuquerque, NM) by properly adapting the mass flow rate. The origin of the losses and how to improve the efficiency of the Small Particle Solar Receiver are discussed as well.

scholarly journals Modeling of Bifacial Photovoltaic-Thermal (PVT) Air Heater with Jet Plate

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 1117-1122
Author(s):  
Win Eng Ewe ◽  
Ahmad Fudholi ◽  
Kamaruzzaman Sopian ◽  
Nilofar Asim
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Thermal Efficiency ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Air Heater ◽  
Packing Factor ◽  
Pv Panel

This research demonstrates how to develop a novel energy balance equation to investigate heat transmission between the components of a bifacial photovoltaic-thermal (PVT) air heater with a jet plate. The temperature output and efficiency of the system are shown. A greater mass flow rate reduces the exit air temperature and increases the thermal efficiency of the thermal component. Increased sun irradiation raises the output air temperature and thermal efficiency. In terms of electrical efficiency, a greater mass flow rate reduces the temperature of the PV panel while increasing electrical efficiency. On the other hand, higher solar irradiation raises the temperature of the PV panel, lowering its electrical efficiency. The maximum thermal efficiency of BPVTJPR is 51.09% under the circumstances of 12 PV cells with a packing factor of 0.66, a jet plate reflector with 36 holes, 900 W/m2 solar irradiances, and a mass flow rate of 0.035 kg/s. The maximum electrical efficiency of BPVTJPR is 10.73% under the circumstances of 12 PV cells with a packing factor of 0.66, a jet plate reflector with 36 holes, 700 W/m2 solar irradiances, and a mass flow rate of 0.035 kg/s.

scholarly journals The Impact of Air Gap Width on the Free Thermal Load in the Trombe Wall Contains a Phase Change Material

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 264-275
Author(s):  
Ehsan Abbas1 ◽  
Shayma Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Gap ◽  
Trombe Wall ◽  
Wood Frame ◽  
The Impact

The objective of the present study is to investigate the effect of the air gap on the amount of mass flow rate and the ratio of energy storage in the thermal storage system containing a Trombe wall and that is through conducting experiments inside a room with dimensions of (1.5*1*1.5) m3, made of PVC sandwich insulation panel. The room contains a thermal wall of a dimension of (0.96*1.44*0.1) m3 made from a wood frame and contains 99 capsules of industrial wax of (6) cm diameter and (9.6) cm length, distributed by matrix form of (11*9). The wall is supported by four iron guides from both sides to move it easily in a distance of (10 to 35) cm from the glass cover in the south direction. The experiments have been conducted under real weather conditions of December 2016 for Kirkuk city, and this study included six widths of the air gap, arranged from (35 to 10) cm with steps of 5cm each. the results showed that the width of the air gap has a great effect on the mass flow rate through the air gap and energy incoming to the thermal system, where the best case for both factors was obtained at (b=35cm), and the max energy storage has been obtained at (b=15cm) and is about 45% of energy incoming to the system at the experiments of sunny days

scholarly journals DESIGN OF COOLING SYSTEM FOR PHOTOVOLTAIC PANEL FOR INCREASING ITS ELECTRICAL EFFICIENCY

2013 ◽  
pp. 65-69
Author(s):  
BHASKAR B. GARDAS ◽  
M.V TENDOLKAR
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Cooling System ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic Module ◽  
Maximum Heat ◽  
Electrical Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Heat Transfer

Photovoltaic solar cell generates electricity by receiving solar irradiance. The temperature of photovoltaic modules increases when it absorbs solar radiation, causing a decrease in efficiency. This undesirable effect can be partially avoided by applying a heat recovery unit with fluid circulation with the photovoltaic module. Such unit is called photovoltaic/thermal collector (PV/T) or hybrid (PV/T). The objective of the present work is to design a system for cooling the solar cell in order to increase its electrical efficiency and also to extract the heat energy. A hybrid solar system which generates both electricity and heat energy simultaneously is studied. This hybrid system consists of PV cells attached to an absorber plate with fins attached at the other side of the absorber surface. Simulation model for single pass, single duct solar collector with fins is prepared and performance curves are obtained. Performance with seven different gases analysed for maximum heat transfer, minimum mass flow rate & minimum number of fins. Hydrogen is found to be the most suitable option with the present. For hydrogen, the system requires a mass flow rate of 0.00275 kg/s, which is the least amongst all. Theoretical number of fins required in this case is found out to be 3.46.

scholarly journals Thermodynamic performance evaluation of an air-air heat pipe heat exchanger

2014 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1343-1353 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Kumar ◽  
S.C. Kaushik ◽  
S.N. Garg
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Heat Pipe ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Heat Pipes ◽  
Heat Transfer Analysis ◽  
Thermodynamic Performance ◽  
Pipe Heat

In this paper, heat transfer analysis for an air-air heat exchanger was experimentally carried out to find its thermal performance and effectiveness. Air-air heat exchanger equipped with finned heat pipes was considered for the experimentation. Mass flow rate of air was considered in between 0.24 to 0.53 [kg/sec]. The temperature at the condenser side of the heat pipe heat exchanger was kept constant at around 23 [?C] and at the evaporator part it was varied from 88 to 147 [?C]. The performance of heat pipe heat exchanger was evaluated at different mass flow rate of air, in terms of effectiveness and compared with its corresponding value found by theoretical analysis.

Design and aerodynamic performance analysis of a variable geometry axisymmetric inlet for TBCC

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunfei Wang ◽  
Huacheng Yuan ◽  
Jinsheng Zhang ◽  
Zhenggui Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mach Number ◽  
Performance Analysis ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Aerodynamic Performance ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Variable Geometry

Abstract Design and aerodynamic performance analysis of a variable geometry axisymmetric inlet was carried out for tandem scheme turbine-based combined cycle (TBCC) propulsion system. The operation Mach number of the inlet was between 0 and 4. The design point was chosen as Mach number 4.0 in this paper. The determination of external and internal compression and the design method of annular to circle diffuser were illustrated. The inlet was unstart under Ma 3.0 without adjustment. Then, a variable scheme was designed to ensure self-start of the inlet and match the requirement of mass flow rate during the whole flight envelope. And four supports were used to fix the spike. According to the 3D numerical simulations, the total pressure recovery was 0.52 at Ma 4.0 at critical condition and the mass flow rate was consistent with the requirement at different flight Mach number.

Experimental investigations on jet impingement solar air collectors using pin-fin absorber

2020 ◽  
pp. 095440892093530 ◽  
Author(s):  
C Kannan ◽  
M Mohanraj ◽  
P Sathyabalan
Keyword(s):  
Pressure Drop ◽  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Jet Impingement ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Solar Irradiation ◽  
Experimental Investigations ◽  
Air Mass ◽  
Pin Fin

In this paper, the performances of a novel jet impingement solar air collector (JISAC) using flat and pin-fin absorbers were experimentally investigated. The experimental observations in a JISAC have been made under the climatic conditions of Coimbatore city in India during the year 2019. The thermo-hydraulic analyses were conduced to study the influence of pressure drop across the perforated jet plate. The effects of solar irradiation, ambient temperature, ambient wind velocity and air mass flow rate through the JISAC duct using flat and pin-fin absorbers were studied. The air mass flow rate through the JISAC was optimized to 0.025 kg/s based on the experimental trials. Thermodynamic performance comparisons have been made among the flat and pin-fin absorbers. The results showed that, the JISAC using pin-fin absorber has 2–7°C higher air temperature at the outlet with 3–7%, 2–6% and 2–6% improved energy efficiency, thermo-hydraulic efficiency and exergy efficiency, respectively when compared to the JISAC using flat absorber. The pressure drop across the JISAC duct is about 90% higher when compared to the conventional solar air collectors. The pressure drop through the jet plate has increased the air velocity impinging on the absorber. As a result, the heat transfer coefficient between air and the absorber has been significantly improved.

The standard unit mass flow rate of gas-liquid mixtures

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-16
Author(s):  
V.N. Petrov ◽  
◽  
V.F. Sopin ◽  
L.A. Akhmetzyanova ◽  
Ya.S. Petrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Flow Rate ◽  
Mass Flow ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Liquid Mixtures ◽  
Unit Mass ◽  
Standard Unit
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