Examining Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae rates between 2010 and 2015: a population-based observational study

Bacterial sexually transmitted infections including Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhoeae remain an important public health concern. We aimed to assess the population-based incidence of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae in an age-standardized cohort over time. A retrospective study of a large Canadian health region was undertaken between 2010 and 2015 using linked census and digital laboratory data. C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae tests were linked to patient data. Sex and age-standardized incidence rates (IR) and ratios (IRR) were calculated for cases and testing rates. The annual mean population was 1,150,556 individuals (50.1% female). A total of 15,109 cases of chlamydia and 981 cases of gonorrhoea occurred. The overall IR for chlamydia ranged from 18.81 to 25.63 cases per 10,000 person-years. The IRR was 1.27 (95% CI 1.20–1.34, p < 0.001) for the comparison of 2015 and 2010 rates. For gonorrhoea, overall rates ranged from 0.92 to 1.86 cases per 10,000 person-years. The IRR for gonorrhoea was 2.02 (95% CI 1.56–2.59, p < 0.001) for 2015 and 2010 rates. In our large population-based study spanning six years, we observed increasing rates of C. trachomatis and N. gonorrhoeae with low testing rates.

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224. Evaluating the Epidemiology of Bloodstream Infections: A Population-Based Study

Open Forum Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1093/ofid/ofab466.426 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S219-S220

Author(s):

Elaha Niazi ◽

Kwadwo Mponponsuo ◽

Ranjani Somayaji ◽

Elissa Rennert-May ◽

John Conly ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Population ◽

Age Groups ◽

Bloodstream Infections ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Health Region ◽

Canadian Health ◽

Over Time ◽

Age And Sex

Abstract Background Bloodstream infections (BSI) are a major cause of morbidity, mortality, and health care costs worldwide. Population-based studies are key to assess BSI epidemiology over time while minimizing selection bias but remain limited. Therefore, we aimed to assess the incidence of BSI in a large Canadian health region in a contemporary period. We hypothesized that there would be significant age and sex-based differences including over time. Methods We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 2011 through 2018 using a population-based microbiology database to determine the annual age- and sex-specific BSI testing and case rates with the census as the population reference. BSI was defined as a positive blood culture for a pathogen. Episodes > 30 days apart were included for analysis. Incidence rate ratios (IRR) for testing and case rates including by sex were calculated to assess changes over time. All analyses were run at a two-sided α of 0.05 and were conducted with R 4.0.4. Results A total of 154,147 distinct individuals (49.9% male) were analyzed and 22,869 (14.8%) had a BSI at the first encounter in the study period. Overall BSI testing incidence ranged from 1529 to 1707 per 100,000 person-years and case incidence ranged from 180 to 292 per 100,000 person-years. Testing and case incidence for BSI was greatest in the 0-4 and 75+ years age groups (p < 0.01). Males compared to females had greater testing and case incidence rates in young and old age groups, but females had greater rates in the 15-44 years groups (p < 0.01). Overall IRR for cases comparing 2018 to 2011 was 0.62 (95% CI 0.59-0.65) reflecting a significant decrease over time. Testing also decreased over the study period with an IRR of 0.90 (95% CI 0.88-0.91). Testing and case IRRs were not significantly different stratified by sex. Incidence rates (per 100,000 person-years) of BSI testing and cases by sex from 2011 through 2018 in a Canadian health region Conclusion In our large population-based study of BSI, we identified that BSI remain frequent and the youngest and oldest age groups as well as males in these age groups have the greatest BSI incidence rates which may reflect both biological sex and gender-based differences. Encouragingly, BSI incidence rates have decreased over time at a greater increment relative to testing rates. Future studies of BSI should focus on pathogen and outcome-based evaluations. Disclosures All Authors: No reported disclosures

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Sociodemography of genital co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in Coventry, UK

International Journal of STD & AIDS ◽

10.1258/0956462053654320 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 16 (4) ◽

pp. 318-322 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Satyajit Das ◽

Caroline Sabin ◽

Abdel Wade ◽

Sriskandab Allan

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Social Deprivation ◽

Relative Rate ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

High Deprivation ◽

High Incidence ◽

The City ◽

Townsend Deprivation Score

While genital co-infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae and Chlamydia trachomatis in the same individual is relatively common, little is known about the characteristics of individuals co-infected with both pathogens. We describe the sociodemographic and geographic characteristics of those with genital co-infection with N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis. We reviewed the case-notes of all patients presenting with co-infection between March 1989 and February 2000. Incidence rates were calculated for those aged 15–64 living in the 18 different electoral wards of the city and subjects were assigned a Townsend deprivation score based on residence. A total of 332 cases of co-infection were included over the study period (overall mean annual incidence rate 16.1 [95% confidence interval [CI] 9.9–22.3]/100,000). The infection rate was significantly higher in those of black ethnicity (rate: 82.6/105, relative rate 5.81, 95% CI [4.03–8.38], P=0.0001) than in those of other ethnicities. The highest incidence was noted in men aged 20–24 ( n=81, 45.6%) and in women aged 15–19 ( n=66, 45.2%) years, living in the most deprived area of the city. After controlling for year of diagnosis, those aged 25–64 years had significantly lower incidence rates (0.13 [0.10–0.17], P=0.0001, Poisson regression) than those aged <20 years. Increased incidence rates were also associated with high deprivation scores. There is a complex interaction between age, sex, ethnicity, geographic distribution, social deprivation and the risk of acquiring genital co-infection with N. gonorrhoeae and C. trachomatis. This study may help to identify the geographic areas of high incidence of sexually transmitted diseases in Coventry, and could be used as the baseline to measure the need for subsequent interventions.

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Epidemiology of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma: population-based cohort study

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-20-0628 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 184 (1) ◽

pp. 19-28

Author(s):

Alexander A Leung ◽

Janice L Pasieka ◽

Martin D Hyrcza ◽

Danièle Pacaud ◽

Yuan Dong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cohort Study ◽

Administrative Data ◽

Laboratory Data ◽

Population Based ◽

Incidence Rates ◽

Primary Objective ◽

Administrative Databases ◽

Secondary Objective ◽

True Frequency ◽

Clinical Records

Objective Despite the significant morbidity and mortality associated with pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, little is known about their epidemiology. The primary objective was to determine the incidence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in an ethnically diverse population. A secondary objective was to develop and validate algorithms for case detection using laboratory and administrative data. Design Population-based cohort study in Alberta, Canada from 2012 to 2019. Methods Patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma were identified using linked administrative databases and clinical records. Annual incidence rates per 100 000 people were calculated and stratified according to age and sex. Algorithms to identify pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma, based on laboratory and administrative data, were evaluated. Results A total of 239 patients with pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma (collectively with 251 tumors) were identified from a population of 5 196 368 people over a period of 7 years. The overall incidence of pheochromocytoma or paraganglioma was 0.66 cases per 100 000 people per year. The frequency of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma increased with age and was highest in individuals aged 60–79 years (8.85 and 14.68 cases per 100 000 people per year for males and females, respectively). An algorithm based on laboratory data (metanephrine >two-fold or normetanephrine >three-fold higher than the upper limit of normal) closely approximated the true frequency of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma with an estimated incidence of 0.54 cases per 100 000 people per year. Conslusion The incidence of pheochromocytoma and paraganglioma in an unselected population of western Canada was unexpectedly higher than rates reported from other areas of the world.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of The early prediction of mortality in acute pancreatitis: a large population-based study.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.1115429.623303 ◽

2009 ◽

Author(s):

Enrique Dominguez-Munoz ◽

Julio Iglesias-Garcia

Keyword(s):

Acute Pancreatitis ◽

Large Population ◽

Population Based ◽

Early Prediction ◽

Population Based Study ◽

Prediction Of Mortality

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DECONSTRUCTING THE MODEL-MINORITY MYTH OF U.S. ASIANS: DETERMINANTS AND CONSEQUENCES OF ELDER MISTREATMENT

Innovation in Aging ◽

10.1093/geroni/igz038.2792 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S760-S760

Author(s):

XinQi Dong ◽

Melissa Simon

Keyword(s):

Family Relationships ◽

Model Minority ◽

Population Based ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Health Concern ◽

Community Research ◽

Minority Population ◽

Model Minority Myth ◽

Elder Mistreatment ◽

Population Based Study

Abstract Elder mistreatment (EM) is increasingly recognized as a global health concern. Among U.S. minority and immigrant populations, the social contexts and psychological consequences associated with EM remain poorly understood. Further population-based epidemiological studies using standard EM measures are required to advance the field. To address this gap and to challenge prior assumptions regarding Asian populations, this purpose of this symposium is to improve our understanding of EM epidemiology in an older minority population. Data were drawn from the Population-based Study of Chinese Elderly in Chicago (PINE), a longitudinal, representative, population-based study of 3,157 community-dwelling Chinese older adults in the greater Chicago area. Session 1 will examine the transmission between child mistreatment, intimate partner violence, and EM. Session 2 will take a typology approach to capture the multifaceted family relationships, and will further examine which family typologies were associated with greater likelihood of EM, while which typologies were protective against EM. Session 3 will explore the positive and negative aspects of social support from spouse, family, and friends in relationship to EM subtypes, including psychological, physical, financial and sexual mistreatment, and caregiver neglect. Session 4 will examine the relationship between broad, moderate, and strict definitions of EM and likelihood of experiencing anxiety. Last, Session 5 will explore the differential relationships between EM subtypes and depressive symptoms. In summation, this symposium challenges popular conceptions of the “model minority myth” and aims to increase the practical and clinical relevance of EM epidemiology in community, research, healthcare, and policy settings.

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Prevalence of urogenital, anal, and pharyngeal infections with Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, and Mycoplasma genitalium: a cross-sectional study in Reunion island

BMC Infectious Diseases ◽

10.1186/s12879-021-05801-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

A. Calas ◽

N. Zemali ◽

G. Camuset ◽

J. Jaubert ◽

R. Manaquin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽

Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽

Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Sectional Study ◽

Transmitted Infection ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Sexually Transmitted ◽

Urogenital Infection ◽

High Prevalence

Abstract Background Recommendations for sexually transmitted infection (STI) screening vary significantly across countries. This study evaluated the prevalence of urogenital and extragenital infections with Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) in patients visiting a French STI clinic in the Indian Ocean region to determine whether current STI screening practices should be updated. Methods This cross-sectional study examined all patients who visited the STI clinic between 2014 and 2015. Triplex polymerase chain reaction screening for CT, NG, and MG was performed on urine, vaginal, pharyngeal, and anal specimens (FTD Urethritis Basic Kit, Fast Track Diagnostics, Luxembourg). Results Of the 851 patients enrolled in the study, 367 were women (367/851, 43.2%) and 484 were men (484/851, 56.0%). Overall, 826 urogenital specimens (826/851, 97.1%), 606 pharyngeal specimens (606/851, 71.2%), and 127 anal specimens (127/851, 14.9%) were taken from enrolled patients. The prevalence of urogenital CT and MG was high in women ≤25 years (19/186, 10.21%; 5/186, 2.69%) and in men who have sex with women ≤30 years (16/212, 7.54%; 5/212, 2.36%). Among patients with urogenital CT infection, 13.7% (7/51) had urethritis. All patients with urogenital MG infection were asymptomatic. Men who have sex with men had a high prevalence of pharyngeal CT (2/45, 4.44%) and NG (3/44, 6.81%) and a high prevalence of anal CT (2/27, 7.41%), NG (2/27, 7.40%), and MG (1/27, 3.70%). After excluding patients with concomitant urogenital infection, extragenital infections with at least 1 of the 3 pathogens were found in 20 swabs (20/91, 21.9%) taken from 16 patients (16/81, 19.7%), all of them asymptomatic. Conclusions Routine multisite screening for CT, NG, and MG should be performed to mitigate the transmission of STIs in high-risk sexually active populations.

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