Environmental Challenges in the 1990s a Korean Context

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-338
Author(s):  
Deok-Gil Rhee
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Environmental Challenges ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Fuel Switching ◽  
Cleaner Technology ◽  
The Government ◽  
Major Target

This paper presents an overview of the energy and environment situation in Korea. Korea is a newly industrializing country with rising affluence and growing environmental problems. Recently the country has stepped up its environmental protection activities with the energy sector being a major target One policy thrust is to increase use of LNG, while another is to require fuel switching and cleaner technology in the transport sector. In addition, the government is undertaking greatly expanded treatment of industrial and municipal wastes.

Energy Development and Environmental Protection: Dual Challenges for China

1991 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-326
Author(s):  
Shen Longhai ◽  
Liu Lujun
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Energy Development ◽  
Environmental Costs ◽  
Energy And Environment ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
Energy Expansion

China's energy consumption is growing very rapidly and along with this are associated environmental problems. However, as per capita energy consumption in the country remains very low, ways must be found to allow continued rapid energy expansion at lower environmental costs. China stands committed to join global endeavours to met the dual challenges of energy development and environmental protection. This paper reviews China's energy and environment paths an implemented, planned and possible future actions to lessen energy-environmental tradeoffs.

scholarly journals Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
John Ogony Odiyo ◽  
Peter Bitta Bikam ◽  
James Chakwizira
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
South Africa ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Environmental Challenges

AbstractTransition to green economy and transport is crucial to reduce environmental problems such as greenhouse gas emissions and climate change in South Africa. However, the challenges associated with the transition present opportunities for innovation and mitigation within the green economy and transport sector. Green economy and transport sector initiatives have the potential to address economic and environmental challenges and open new sources of growth.

China's Five-Year Plan puts environment centre stage

2016 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Social Policy ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Economic Restructuring ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
The Government

Subject The environmental components of the 13th Five-Year Plan. Significance The 13th Five-Year Plan sets the overall direction of China's economic and social policy for the period 2016-20. It places heavy emphasis on environmental protection and has been described as the 'greenest' Five-Year Plan yet. Impacts Progress is most likely where environmental and economic objectives align (eg, development of high-tech 'green' industries). The private sector will be given more play in economic restructuring and combatting environmental problems. State-owned enterprises will be restructured to meet environmental targets. Labour unrest is likely to rise, as the government forces heavily polluting industrial facilities to close. The Plan supports China's commitments under the Paris climate change agreement; it will probably meet these commitments.

Study on Environmental Protection Marketization in China

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 3996-3999
Author(s):  
Bo Xiang ◽  
Jian Hua Shi
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Market Economy ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Market Mechanism ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Socialist Market Economy ◽  
The Government ◽  
Socialist Market

The increasingly serious environmental problems have become a threat to human society’s sustainable development, and the efficiency of the government to manage the environment is decreasing as well as its abilities is falling short of its desires. Therefore, it will be a trend to change environmental protection measures depend too much on the government and to introduce market mechanism and allocate environmental resources by laws of market for environment protection to develop further under socialist market economy.

The Analysis for Public Participation Impacting on Environment Protection

2013 ◽  
Vol 869-870 ◽  
pp. 796-800
Author(s):  
Chen Chen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Public Participation ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Social Benefits ◽  
Environment Protection ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Government

With the rapid development of economy in our country in recent years, China is facing the grim environmental problems. Only rely on the government and enterprises, which can not reverse the trend of environmental deterioration. This paper expounds the subject, mechanism, level and method of public participation and environment protection, and then realizes the maximization of economic and social benefits of environmental protection.

Pollution Control – Regulation and Legal Provisions in India

1988 ◽  
Vol 20 (10) ◽  
pp. 57-62
Author(s):  
A. N. Aggarwal ◽  
V. K. Karia
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
State Government ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Regulatory Agencies ◽  
Legal Provisions ◽  
Fiscal Incentives ◽  
Control Regulation ◽  
Regulatory Approach ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
The Government

Immediately after independence in 1946, the Government of India resorted to rapid industrialization to minimize outside dependence and to improve the standard of living. This, while helping the country to grow, also created problems of environmental management. Rapid deterioration of natural resources forced the Government to enact a number of legislative measures and create regulatory agencies both at central and state government levels. These agencies were given powers to effectively implement various Acts. Severe penalties, including fines and imprisonment, were envisaged for offenders of environmental Acts. Responsibilities were defined, to avoid a scapegoat approach. On the other hand, to reward industries showing a positive approach to environmental protection, a number of fiscal incentives and tax benefits were also offered. Recently, to provide more comprehensive legislation for the protection of all the components of the environment under a single agency, a new bill entitled the ‘Environmental Protection Bill, 1986' has been introduced in Parliament. This regulatory approach has started to show results, and more and more industries have started to provide pollution control facilities.

scholarly journals Corporate Environmental Performance in China: The Moderating Effects of the Media versus the Approach of Local Governments

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 150
Author(s):  
Zhiru Guo ◽  
Chao Lu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Environmental Performance ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Corporate Environmental Performance ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

This article selects the listed companies in China’s A-share heavy pollution industry from 2014 to 2018 as samples, uses a random effect model to empirically test the relationship between media attention and corporate environmental performance and examines the impacts of local government environmental protection and property nature on that relationship. Results are as follow: (1) Media attention can significantly affect a company’s environmental performance. The higher the media attention, the greater the company’s supervision and the better its environmental performance. (2) In areas where the government pays less attention to environmental protection, the impact of media on corporate environmental performance is more obvious, but in other areas, the impact of media on environmental performance cannot be reflected; (3) The media attention is very significant for the environmental performance improvement of state-owned enterprises, and it is not obvious in non-state-owned enterprises. (4) A further breakdown of the study found that the role of media attention in corporate environmental performance is only significant in the sample of local governments that have low environmental protection and are state-owned enterprises. This research incorporates the local government’s emphasis on environmental protection into the research field of vision, expands the research scope of media and corporate environmental performance, and also provides new clues and evidence for promoting the active fulfillment of environmental protection responsibilities by companies and local governments.

scholarly journals Implementation of Accelerated Policy-Driven Sustainability Transitions: Case of Bharat Stage 4 to 6 Leapfrogs in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4339
Author(s):  
Aditi Khodke ◽  
Atsushi Watabe ◽  
Nigel Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Combustion Engine ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Sustainability Transitions ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Multimodal Discourse ◽  
Stage 4 ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Government ◽  
Incumbent Regime

In the face of pressing environmental challenges, governments must pledge to achieve sustainability transitions within an accelerated timeline, faster than leaving these transitions to the market mechanisms alone. This had led to an emergent approach within the sustainability transition research (STR): Accelerated policy-driven sustainability transitions (APDST). Literature on APDST asserts its significance in addressing pressing environmental and development challenges as regime actors like policymakers enact change. It also assumes support from other incumbent regime actors like the industries and businesses. In this study, we identify the reasons for which incumbent industry and business actors might support APDST and whether their support can suffice for implementation. We examine the actor strategies by drawing empirical data from the Indian national government policy of mandatory leapfrog in internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicle emission control norms, known as Bharat Stage 4 to 6. This leapfrogging policy was introduced to speed up the reduction of air pollutants produced by the transport sector. A mixed-methods approach, combining multimodal discourse analysis and netnographic research, was deployed for data collection and analysis. The findings show that unlike the status quo assumption in STR, many incumbent industry and business actors aligned with the direction of the enacted policy due to the political landscape and expected gains. However, the degree of support varied throughout the transition timeline and was influenced by challenges during the transitioning process and the response of the government actors. The case suggests we pay more attention to the actors’ changing capacities and needs and consider internal and external influences in adapting the transition timelines. This study contributes to the ongoing discussion on the implementation of APDST, by examining the dynamism of actor strategies, and provides an overview of sustainability transitions in emerging economies.

scholarly journals The Convergence of Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) Emissions Per Capita in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 1781
Author(s):  
Yu-Chen Zhang ◽  
Deng-Kui Si ◽  
Bing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Sulfur Dioxide ◽  
Environmental Protection ◽  
Unit Root ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Unit Root Test ◽  
External Pressure ◽  
So2 Emissions ◽  
Per Capita ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environmental Protection Policies

As the third-largest SO2 emitter in the world, China is facing mounting domestic and external pressure to tackle the increasingly serious SO2 pollution. Figuring out the convergence and persistence of sulfur dioxide (SO2) emissions matters much for environmental policymakers in China. This study mainly utilizes the Fourier quantile unit root test to survey the convergence of the SO2 emissions per capita in 74 cities of China during the period of December 2014 to June 2019, by conducting five traditional unit root tests and a quantile root unit test as a comparative analysis. The empirical results indicate that the SO2 emissions per capita in 72 out of 74 cities in China are convergent in the sample period. The results also suggest that the unit root behavior of the SO2 emissions per capita in these cities is asymmetrically persistent at different quantiles. For the cities with the convergent SO2 emissions, the government should consider the asymmetric mean-reverting pattern of SO2 emissions when implementing environmental protection policies at different stages. For Hefei and Nanjing, the local governments need to enact stricter environmental protection policies to control the emission of sulfur dioxide.

scholarly journals Pengembangan Pendidikan Lingkungan Hidup melalui Program Adiwiyata (Studi di Kota Surabaya)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 121-134
Author(s):  
Yulia Indahri
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Education ◽  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Informal Education ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
City Government ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
The Government ◽  
Environmental Understanding

Environmental education (EE) is an integration of environmental understanding with formal or informal education. EE is expected to help students gain understanding on the awareness and knowledge about the environment to further shape student attitudes. From these understanding, skills and abilities will emerge so that students can actively participate and become agents in solving environmental problems. The concept of EE itself can be traced back to the 18th century, although globally, those engaged in the environmental sector began to strive to develop a more measurable EE concept since the 1970s. The legal basis also varies, with application models that adapt to each distinctive environment. Adiwiyata is a form of EE managed by the government through the integration of two important ministries, namely the ministry that deals with environmental issues and the ministry that deals with education. This study was intended to find out whether Adiwiyata was in accordance with the EE concept that was agreed upon globally. In particular, the implementation of the Adiwiyata Program in Surabaya City is the focus of this paper based on the results of research on the environment in 2019 which have been published. The environmental awareness of Adiwiyata School in Surabaya City is quite high and the concept developed by the Surabaya City Government is very solid that involves all parties.AbstrakPendidikan lingkungan hidup (PLH) merupakan pengintegrasian pemahaman lingkungan hidup dengan pendidikan formal atau pendidikan informal. PLH diharapkan dapat membantu siswa memperoleh kesadaran dan pengetahuan mengenai lingkungan hidup untuk selanjutnya dapat membentuk sikap siswa. Dari pemahaman tersebut akan muncul keterampilan dan kecakapan sehingga siswa dapat berpartisipasi aktif dan menjadi agen dalam memecahkan masalah lingkungan. Konsep PLH sendiri dapat ditelusuri sampai abad ke-18, walaupun secara global, mereka yang bergerak di bidang lingkungan hidup mulai berupaya untuk menyusun konsep PLH yang lebih terukur sejak tahun 1970-an. Dasar hukumnya pun beragam, dengan model penerapan yang menyesuaikan dengan lingkungan masing-masing. Adiwiyata merupakan salah satu bentuk PLH yang dikelola pemerintah dengan mengintegrasikan dua kementerian penting, yaitu kementerian yang menangani masalah lingkungan hidup dan kementerian yang menangani pendidikan. Kajian ini dimaksudkan untuk mengetahui apakah Adiwiyata sudah sesuai dengan konsep PLH yang disepakati secara global. Secara khusus, pelaksanaan Program Adiwiyata di Kota Surabaya menjadi fokus dari tulisan ini berdasarkan hasil penelitian tentang lingkungan di tahun 2019 yang telah dibukukan. Kesadaran lingkungan Sekolah Adiwiyata di Kota Surabaya sudah cukup tinggi dan konsep yang dikembangkan oleh Pemerintah Kota (Pemkot) Surabaya sangat solid dengan melibatkan semua pihak.

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