Hormesis, ethics, and public policy: an overview

2008 ◽  
Vol 27 (8) ◽  
pp. 659-662 ◽  
Author(s):  
KC Elliott
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
The Other ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Made In

This article synthesizes the major points made in the preceding essays on the topic of “Hormesis and Ethics.” The questions and concerns raised in these essays are organized into three general categories: (1) scientific issues, (2) practical concerns, and (3) “explicitly ethical” considerations. The present article concludes with several suggestions. First, researchers would do well to address scientific concerns about the generalizability of hormesis. Second, it would be helpful to gather further information about the frequency that hormetic effects are beneficial for organisms over the long term. Third, more information is needed about the toxic exposures that the public is already receiving and about the potential synergistic effects of those exposures. Fourth, further reflection is warranted about whether regulations should, on one hand, maximize the ratio of benefits to risks for the population as a whole or, on the other hand, protect individuals from health risks to which they do not consent and for which they cannot easily be compensated.

A Bank with a Divided Mandate

2020 ◽  
pp. 30-45
Author(s):  
Einar Lie
Keyword(s):  
Real Estate ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Road ◽  
Monetary System ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Value Of Money

This chapter examines the two mandates of Norges Bank. In autumn of 1818, Norges Bank began providing ordinary services to the public, discounting bills and lending directly against real estate. The institution was now both the nation’s bank of issue and its sole bank. Expectations of what the bank was to achieve pulled in two diametrically opposed directions. On the one hand, the bank was to take control of the inflated monetary system and bring the value of money back to par, namely the silver value guarantee issued when the Storting established the bank in 1816. Based on both contemporary and modern wisdom, this would speak in favour of tightening the money supply. On the other hand, the bank was to meet the country’s considerable need for credit, which would speak in favour of adding liquidity. However, a desire to supply more credit to farmers, merchants, timber traders, and others competed with the long-term goal of returning money to par. Indeed, the reason why the road to par became so long and winding has to do with the desire to supply the nation with credit: both the money supply and credit volumes were expanded repeatedly to meet the country’s borrowing needs.

Parties Cannot Agree To Give Jurisdiction To Dubai Court If the Defendant Has a Place of Domicile in Another Emirate of the Uae

1995 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 358-359
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Federal Court ◽  
Judicial System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Public ◽  
Contractual Arrangement ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Lower Courts ◽  
Judicial Authority

AbstractIn a judgment delivered by the Dubai Court of Cassation, where the Court of Cassation upheld the judgment delivered by the lower courts, the court held that as per Article 104 of the UAE Provisional Constitution, the judicial authority in Dubai was independent from the federal judicial authorities application in the other emirates. Therefore it was not admissible for the parties to contract to agree to give jurisdiction to the Dubai Court unless the Dubai Court already has jurisdiction to hear the matter. Therefore, the parties cannot give jurisdiction to the Dubai Court by contract if the jurisdiction falls originally within the jurisdiction of another emirate, as this will be contrary to the public policy and the UAE Constitution. If the jurisdiction falls in the federal court, the matter should be brought before the federal court and not the Dubai Court as Dubai has an independent judicial system. On the other hand, if the matter falls within the jurisdiction of the Dubai Court, the matter may not be litigated in another federal court. The parties therefore may not contract to give jurisdiction either to the federal or the local court, unless that court has jurisdiction, by virtue of a contractual arrangement between the parties.

scholarly journals Qualidade geral da educação municipal e as influências dos gastos públicos

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 ◽  
pp. 23
Author(s):  
Joyce Santana Bernardo ◽  
Fernanda Maria de Almeida ◽  
Ana Carolina Campana Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Basic Education ◽  
Quality Standard ◽  
The Other ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Promotion Policies ◽  
Components Analysis

The purpose of this study was to quantify and evaluate the quality standard of education of Brazilian municipalities, by means of an indicator of the quality of municipal basic education, and to verify the relation between headings of the public educational budget and this quality of education. Through the Principal Components Analysis, the General Quality Index of Municipal Education (IQGEM) was created, which included micro and macrostructural aspects, between 2009 and 2013. Subsequently, an Inflation Beta Regression model was used to verify the relationships between the disaggregated educational budget and social factors and the IQGEM. Ranging from 0 (minimum) to 1 (maximum), the index showed an average quality of 0.61 points, being the highest values of municipalities in the South and Southeast. In addition, the factors that were positively related to the IQGEM were investments in school infrastructure and social aspects. On the other hand, expenses with personnel and consumables influenced it negatively. In general, these results indicate that investments in school infrastructure and social promotion policies are relevant to the quality of education in the municipalities of the country. On the other hand, although they have been negatively related to the IQGEM in the short term, it is possible that in the medium- and long-term investments in personnel and consumables can have positive influences.

Radioimmunotherapy for treatment of acute myeloid leukaemia and myelodysplastic syndrome

2005 ◽  
Vol 44 (03) ◽  
pp. 107-117
Author(s):  
R. G. Meyer ◽  
W. Herr ◽  
A. Helisch ◽  
P. Bartenstein ◽  
I. Buchmann
Keyword(s):  
Acute Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Myeloid Leukaemia ◽  
Primary Tumour ◽  
The Other ◽  
Haematopoietic Stem Cell ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Primary Reduction ◽  
The One ◽  
Acute Myeloid

SummaryThe prognosis of patients with acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) has improved considerably by introduction of aggressive consolidation chemotherapy and haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (SCT). Nevertheless, only 20-30% of patients with AML achieve long-term diseasefree survival after SCT. The most common cause of treatment failure is relapse. Additionally, mortality rates are significantly increased by therapy-related causes such as toxicity of chemotherapy and complications of SCT. Including radioimmunotherapies in the treatment of AML and myelodyplastic syndrome (MDS) allows for the achievement of a pronounced antileukaemic effect for the reduction of relapse rates on the one hand. On the other hand, no increase of acute toxicity and later complications should be induced. These effects are important for the primary reduction of tumour cells as well as for the myeloablative conditioning before SCT.This paper provides a systematic and critical review of the currently used radionuclides and immunoconjugates for the treatment of AML and MDS and summarizes the literature on primary tumour cell reductive radioimmunotherapies on the one hand and conditioning radioimmunotherapies before SCT on the other hand.

Resurrected Bodies

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arlene Macdonald
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Organ Transplant ◽  
Transplant Recipients ◽  
Ethical Considerations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Professional Activities ◽  
Faith Traditions ◽  
Anthropological Literature ◽  
Religious Actors

The anthropological literature on transplant, though theoretically and ethnographically rich, does not address religion in any substantial way. And while bio-ethical considerations of transplant regularly address religion, treatments are generally circumscribed to a list of various faith traditions and their stance toward organ transplant. Such a presentation reduces “religion” to the world’s recognized faith traditions, “religious actors” to the official spokespersons of these traditions, and “religious belief” to moral injunctions. The objective of the thesis was to illuminate the prominent place of religion in the lived experience of transplant recipients and donors, in the public policy and professional activities of transplant officials, and in the transplant discourses of North America

Termin kandaulos/kandylos (κανδαυλοσ/ κανδυλοσ) na podstawie λεχεων συναγωγη Focjusza oraz "Commentari ad Homeri Iliadem" Eustacjusza z Tessaloniki

Vox Patrum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 361-373
Author(s):  
Maciej Kokoszko ◽  
Katarzyna Gibel-Buszewska
Keyword(s):  
Social Status ◽  
Present Article ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Social ◽  
Cooked Meat

The present article focuses on one of the Greek delicacies mentioned by Photius and Eustathius, i.e. a Lydian import called kandaulos/kandylos. The dish was developed before the mid. VI th c. BC and named after a Lydian king, Kandaules, who ruled in the VII th c. BC. The delicacy was (via the Ionians) borrowed by the Helens and established itself in Greece sometime in the V th c. It became popular in Hellenistic times. The information we possess allow us to reconstruct two varieties of kandaulos/ kandylos. The first was savoury and consisted of cooked meat, stock, Phrygian cheese, breadcrumbs and dill (or fennel). The other included milk, lard, cheese and honey. The dish is reported to have been costly, prestigious and indicating the social status of those who would eat it. Though there is much evidence suggesting its popularity in antiquity, we lack solid evidence proving that kaunaudlos/kandylos was eaten in Byzantine times. On the other hand, Byzantine authors preserved the most detailed literary data on the delicacy. If it had not been for the Byzantine interest, our competence in the field of Greek cuisine would be even faultier.

State of Fashion: Searching for the New Luxury

APRIA Journal ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-16
Author(s):  
José Teunissen
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The Other ◽  
Century Model ◽  
Cocktail Party ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One

In the last few years, it has often been said that the current fashion system is outdated, still operating by a twentieth-century model that celebrates the individualism of the 'star designer'. In I- D, Sarah Mower recently stated that for the last twenty years, fashion has been at a cocktail party and has completely lost any connection with the public and daily life. On the one hand, designers and big brands experience the enormous pressure to produce new collections at an ever higher pace, leaving less room for reflection, contemplation, and innovation. On the other hand, there is the continuous race to produce at even lower costs and implement more rapid life cycles, resulting in disastrous consequences for society and the environment.

Simulations: Urban Fiscal Crisis

1986 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 15-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcus D. Pohlmann
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Role Playing ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fiscal Crisis ◽  
Educational Game ◽  
Political Environment ◽  
Policy Problem ◽  
Other Hand

PurposeI wish to describe a role-playing simulation, as opposed to an educational game. A game normally has an elaborate set of rules and requires participants to function within the logic of its own reality. A role-playing simulation, on the other hand, allows the participants to maintain their own personalities and values as they interact within far more general roles and rules, creating a unique reality each time. The goal of this particular simulation is to overcome a public policy problem within a simulated political environment.

scholarly journals A Game System for Cognitive Rehabilitation

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azrulhizam Shapi’i ◽  
Nor Azan Mat Zin ◽  
Ahmed Mohammed Elaklouk
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
The Other ◽  
Rehabilitation Treatment ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
Rehabilitation Exercises

Brain injury such as traumatic brain injury (TBI) and stroke is the major cause of long-term disabilities in many countries. The increasing rate of brain damaged victims and the heterogeneity of impairments decrease rehabilitation effectiveness and competence resulting in higher cost of rehabilitation treatment. On the other hand, traditional rehabilitation exercises are boring, thus leading patients to neglect the prescribed exercises required for recovery. Therefore, we propose game-based approach to address these problems. This paper presents a rehabilitation gaming system (RGS) for cognitive rehabilitation. The RGS is developed based on a proposed conceptual framework which has also been presented in this paper.

Scenarios as Tools of the Scientific Imagination: The Case of Climate Projections

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-61
Author(s):  
Michael Poznic ◽  
Rafaela Hillerbrand
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Climate Science ◽  
The Other ◽  
Climate Projections ◽  
Public Realm ◽  
The Public ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The One ◽  
Scientific Imagination

Climatologists have recently introduced a distinction between projections as scenario-based model results on the one hand and predictions on the other hand. The interpretation and usage of both terms is, however, not univocal. It is stated that the ambiguities of the interpretations may cause problems in the communication of climate science within the scientific community and to the public realm. This paper suggests an account of scenarios as props in games of make-belive. With this account, we explain the difference between projections that should be make-believed and other model results that should be believed.

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