Natural oils as coupling agents in recycled polypropylene wood flour composites: Mechanical, thermal and morphological properties

Recycled polypropylene was reinforced with treated and non-treated wood flour with different natural oils. Four natural oils were used as coupling agents, namely hexanoic (C6), octanoic (C8), decanoic (C10) and dodecanoic (C12) acids. The mechanical, thermal and morphological properties of the resulting composites were evaluated. The usage of natural oils as coupling agents clearly improved the interfacial adhesion between wood flour and the polypropylene matrix while enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties. Better results were obtained when C8 was used. The improvement in the mechanical and thermal properties of the composites imparted by C8 is similar to that promoted by maleic anhydride-grafted polypropylene. The mechanical and thermal properties of the composites were affected by the boiling temperature and chain length of the natural oil used.

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Maleated soybean oil as coupling agent in recycled polypropylene/wood flour composites: Mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties

Journal of Thermoplastic Composite Materials ◽

10.1177/0892705718785707 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 32 (8) ◽

pp. 1056-1067 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Matheus Poletto

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Soybean Oil ◽

Coupling Agent ◽

Wood Flour ◽

Natural Fibers ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Wood Fibers ◽

Alternative Source ◽

Recycled Polypropylene

In this study, composites with interesting mechanical and thermal properties were prepared using chemically modified vegetable oil as coupling agent in wood-fibers-reinforced recycled polypropylene. Soybean oil was reacted with maleic anhydride to produce maleated soybean oil (MASO). The mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of the composite were evaluated. The usage of MASO as a coupling agent clearly improved the interfacial adhesion between wood fibers and the polypropylene matrix and increased the mechanical and thermal properties evaluated. Based on the obtained results, it is concluded that MASO can act as an alternative source of coupling agent dispensing with the addition of petroleum-based compatibilizers to improve the mechanical and thermal properties of composites reinforced with natural fibers.

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Date palm wood flour/glass fibre reinforced hybrid composites of recycled polypropylene: Mechanical and thermal properties

Materials & Design (1980-2015) ◽

10.1016/j.matdes.2012.05.055 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 42 ◽

pp. 289-294 ◽

Cited By ~ 87

Author(s):

Mariam A. AlMaadeed ◽

Ramazan Kahraman ◽

P. Noorunnisa Khanam ◽

Nabil Madi

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Glass Fibre ◽

Date Palm ◽

Hybrid Composites ◽

Wood Flour ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Recycled Polypropylene ◽

Glass Fibre Reinforced

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Recent Advances in Bio-Based Sustainable Aliphatic and Aromatic Epoxy Resins for Composite Applications

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.882.121 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 882 ◽

pp. 121-131

Author(s):

S. Sathyaraj ◽

K. Sekar

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Flame Retardancy ◽

Epoxy Resins ◽

Diglycidyl Ether ◽

Rapid Expansion ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Natural Oils ◽

Natural Oil ◽

Made In

In few recent years, it is seen that there is a rapid expansion in the area of bio based thermosetting resins sighting the reason that it has bright future. The curiosity in developing bio based products and bio based refinery processes has been strengthened due to the swift exhaustion of petroleum and also due to new environmental set of laws. The mostly used epoxy resins are by and large diglycidylether of bisphenol A (DGEBA), which is petroleum based ones owing to its superior mechanical and thermal properties. But the research is in full fledge to hit upon a bio-based sustainable substitute for DGEBA. As the researches over the years have shown that, bio-epoxy derived from neither natural oil nor lignin derivatives or other bio-based aromatic resins are able to fully replace DGEBA in terms of all properties. Hence, it opens a wide window open for their blends with DGEBA. This paper will shower a light on the current progresses made in the field of bio-based epoxy monomers derived from different natural oils and its blends with DGEBA, lignin derived aromatic resins and finally a novel bio-epoxy derived from magnolol. The magnolol derived diglycidyl ether of magnolol (DGEM) was found to have comparable mechanical and thermal properties with better flame retardancy and hence could be a good contender to replace DGEBA.

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Assessment of the physico-mechanical, thermal, and morphological properties of rubber wood modified with silica sol in combination with GU/GMU resins

BioResources ◽

10.15376/biores.15.4.8051-8064 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. 8051-8064

Author(s):

Lijuan Ping ◽

Yubo Chai ◽

Bailing Sun ◽

Junliang Liu

Keyword(s):

Thermal Properties ◽

Thermal Analyses ◽

Treated Wood ◽

Weight Percent Gain ◽

Silica Sol ◽

Modulus Of Rupture ◽

Morphological Properties ◽

Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Rubber Wood

Rubber wood was modified with both a combination of silica sol and glyoxal urea (S-GU), and a combination of silica sol and glyoxal melamine urea (S-GMU). The physico-mechanical properties were measured. Thermal properties, chemical molecular structure, and cellular morphology were analyzed via thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The weight percent gain (WPG) increased as the concentration of the impregnated aqueous solutions increased. The S-GMU treated wood exhibited a greater WPG than the S-GU treated wood at the same concentration. Anti-swelling efficiency (ASE), modulus of elasticity (MOE), and modulus of rupture (MOR) of treated wood increased as the WPG increased. The highest ASE value was 42.0%, for the S-20%GMU treated wood, which was higher than the S-20%GU treated wood. The MOR of the S-20%GMU treated wood was improved by 25%. Thermal analyses showed the thermostability of S-GMU treated wood increased. FTIR results indicated the presence of C-N and Si-O-Si bonds in the S-GMU treated wood, and the lignin and carbohydrates degraded to a certain extent. SEM imaging showed that the S-GMU was deposited in the cell lumen and cell wall. Therefore, this study produced evidence of an improvement in the physico-mechanical and thermal properties of S-GMU treated wood.

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