Disability–Poverty Nexus

2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 409-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajit K. Dalal
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Physical Environment ◽  
Active Participation ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Important Prerequisite ◽  
The Poor ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Physical Barriers

The article examines the close nexus between disability and poverty that renders the disabled people the poorest among the poor. It discusses psycho-social and environmental impediments which prevent active participation of the poor with disability in developmental programmes. In this context, the article particularly focuses on social exclusion which nourishes on negative attitudes, prejudices, stigma and discrimination, together with inaccessible physical environment. The poor with disabilities have remained passive targets and recipients, not stakeholders and participants, and as a result they hardly benefit from health, educational and employment schemes and are caught in a vicious downward spiral. It is argued that dealing with psycho-social and physical barriers is an important prerequisite for active participation of the poor with disabilities in the developmental programmes.

How Judicial Myopia Is Jeopardizing the Protection of People with HIV/AIDS Under the ADA

2001 ◽  
Vol 27 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 301-327
Author(s):  
Tony R. Maida
Keyword(s):  
Civil Rights ◽  
Federal Government ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Social Equality ◽  
Civil Rights Act ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Physical Barriers ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Prejudice

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 promised to be a “secondgeneration” civil rights statute, comparable in importance and scope to the Civil Rights Act of 1964. The breadth of the act reflected congressional and disability activists' desire to change society in order to enable the disabled to achieve economic autonomy and social equality. Historically, disabled individuals were characterized by their inability to normally function in society, either due to physical obstacles or social myths and stereotypes. Up until 1990, the federal government had taken baby steps to address these issues. Indeed, most federal activity was limited to assisting disabled people in overcoming physical barriers to employment. However, the government did little to change the structure of those barriers, and most certainly did not address the widespread social prejudice against the disabled.

THE PERSPECTIVES OF PHYSIOTHERAPY AND REHABILITATION STUDENTS ON DISABLED INDIVIDUALS AND THE EDUCATION OF THE DISABLED

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (18) ◽  
pp. 175-181
Author(s):  
Ayşe ÜNAL
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Disabled Persons ◽  
Attitude Scale ◽  
Social Awareness ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Spring Semester ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Mean

The aim of this study was to determine the perspectives of the students of the physiotherapy and rehabilitation department towards the disabled and their attitudes towards the education of the disabled. Sixty-eight volunteer students (50 females, 18 males) studying at Pamukkale University School of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation and taking the Psychosocial Rehabilitation course in the Spring Semester of the 2020-2021 Academic Year participated in the study. The Attitude Toward Disabled Persons Scale (ATDPS) was used to evaluate the positive and negative attitudes of the students towards the disabled individuals, and the Attitude Scale for the Training of Individuals with Disabilities (ASTID) was used to determine their views on the education of the disabled individuals. Evaluations were made at the beginning and end of the relevant semester. The mean age of the students was 19.44±1.07 years. In the first evaluation, the mean of ATDPS was 50.75±13.92 and the total score of ASTID was 51.04±18.42 points. At the last evaluation, the ATDPS score increased to 78.36±13.77 and the ASTID total score to 93.13±7.48 (p=0.0001). Providing students with basic information about various disability groups and their rehabilitation will increase the level of awareness towards people with disabilities. It is important to develop positive attitudes towards the disabled throughout society in order for the disabled to feel themselves as a part of social life and to increase their participation in social life. It will contribute to the increase of the social awareness of the organizations to be organized regarding the education of the disabled and disabled people. Organizations to be held regarding disabled people and the education of the disabled will contribute to the increase of social awareness.

Researchers create framework for building “disability confidence” at work

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-33
Keyword(s):  
Thematic Analysis ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
People With Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Negative Attitudes ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Stigma And Discrimination ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

Purpose Many employers lack disability confidence about how to include people with disabilities in the workforce, which can lead to stigma and discrimination. This paper explores the concept of disability confidence from two perspectives - employers who hire people with a disability and employees with a disability. Design/methodology/approach Thematic analysis was carried out of 35 semi-structured interviews (18 with employers who hire people with disabilities and 17 with employees with a disability). Findings Four main themes emerged. First, disability discomfort arose from a lack of experience working with the disabled, resulting in stigma and discrimination. Second, disability confidence involved “reaching beyond comfort zones” to find new ways of thinking. Third, broader perspectives came from challenging stigma and stereotypes. Finally, disability confidence among employers was critical in developing an inclusive working culture. Originality/value The issue is important because negative attitudes to disabled people are common and they lead to stigma and exclusion. But there has been very little research exploring both employers’ and employees’ perspectives

A worsening picture: poverty and social exclusion and disabled people

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pauline Heslop ◽  
Eric Emerson
Keyword(s):  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Comparable Data ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Risk Estimates ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Socially Excluded

A string of reforms over recent years has left disabled people at heightened risk of poverty and social exclusion. This chapter presents an analysis of PSE2012 data in relation to disabled people during the period 2010-2013 in the UK.The results are hard-hitting. The odds of a disabled adult being in poverty were more than three times those of a non-disabled person when risk estimates were adjusted for age and gender. The odds of disabled people being socially excluded from a range of indicators were significantly higher than for non-disabled people for each of the 11 indicators. Comparable data suggests that between 1999 and 2012 the experiences of deprivation and disadvantage for households with disabled people have considerably worsened. Disabled people now appear to be among the ‘poorest of the poor’.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF STATE AID AND ITS CREATED VALUE FOR DISABLED PEOPLE IN LITHUANIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 905-922
Author(s):  
Laura Girlevičienė ◽  
Alina Kvietkauskienė
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
State Aid ◽  
Simple Linear Regression ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

Countries facing social issues related to the disabled apply various measures to solve them, including State aid. However, the application of these measures does not always enable them to achieve the goals of state policy or to improve indicators such as the integration of the disabled into the labor market and reduction of social exclusion. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of State aid usage and influence on the implementation of disabled employment policies, this research develops a set of social and economic indicators to reflect the examined issue, allow for the assessment of the situation of the target group, and envisage areas of improvement. To evaluate the impact of State aid on the selected indicators, a simple linear regression analysis is performed. According to our evaluations, we establish that in order for the government to solve problems of poverty by employing disabled people, questions of financial capacity as well as the effectiveness of allowances for the disabled should be addressed. The expected effects of this measure are a growing number of employed disabled people and reduction of poverty and social exclusion among disabled people.

scholarly journals Understanding Poverty-Environment Relationship from Sustainable Development Perspectives

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeetesh Rai
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Natural Resource Management ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Scholarly Work ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Environmental Deterioration ◽  
Downward Spiral ◽  
Empirical Material

Many observers conceptualize the environment-poverty link as “downward spiral,” with population growth and social exclusion leading to environmental deterioration. However, recent micro and small scale existential study challenges this model, showing striking heterogeneity in natural resource management by the poor, including display of their success in adapting to environmental change and the efficacy of policies in affecting outcomes. Using both conceptual and empirical material, this article aims to assess the poverty-environment relationship.  I will specifically examine criticisms of the “poverty causes environmental degradation” approach, arguing that recent scholarly work on the complex web of factors involved in the poverty-environment nexus provides a more useful toolkit for assessing the poverty-environment link in local places.  I will conclude by analyzing how policies can more effectively address the interrelationship between poverty and environmental degradation, highlighting promising areas of impact.

The Roma in Post-Communist Bulgaria: Growing Social Marginalization and State Policies

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-24
Author(s):  
Yorgos Christidis
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Exclusion ◽  
Hate Crime ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
State Policies ◽  
Social Marginalization ◽  
Popular Support ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
The Poor

This article analyzes the growing impoverishment and marginalization of the Roma in Bulgarian society and the evolution of Bulgaria’s post-1989 policies towards the Roma. It examines the results of the policies so far and the reasons behind the “poor performance” of the policies implemented. It is believed that Post-communist Bulgaria has successfully re-integrated the ethnic Turkish minority given both the assimilation campaign carried out against it in the 1980s and the tragic events that took place in ex-Yugoslavia in the 1990s. This Bulgaria’s successful “ethnic model”, however, has failed to include the Roma. The “Roma issue” has emerged as one of the most serious and intractable ones facing Bulgaria since 1990. A growing part of its population has been living in circumstances of poverty and marginalization that seem only to deteriorate as years go by. State policies that have been introduced since 1999 have failed at large to produce tangible results and to reverse the socio-economic marginalization of the Roma: discrimination, poverty, and social exclusion continue to be the norm. NGOs point out to the fact that many of the measures that have been announced have not been properly implemented, and that legislation existing to tackle discrimination, hate crime, and hate speech is not implemented. Bulgaria’s political parties are averse in dealing with the Roma issue. Policies addressing the socio-economic problems of the Roma, including hate speech and crime, do not enjoy popular support and are seen as politically damaging.

scholarly journals Relationship between Sleep Duration Trajectories and Self-Rated Depressive Symptoms in South Koreans with Physical Disabilities

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 361
Author(s):  
Su Jeong Yi ◽  
Yoo Mi Jeong ◽  
Jae-Hyun Kim
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Bayes Factor ◽  
Physical Disabilities ◽  
Disabled People ◽  
Physically Disabled ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Physically Disabled People ◽  
The Relationship

Physically disabled persons can have sleep problems, which affects their mental health more than those in non-disabled people. However, there are few studies on the relationship between sleep duration and mental health targeting physically disabled people in South Korea, and existing studies on the disabled have mostly used data collected from convenience rather than nationally representative samples, limiting the generalization of the results. This study used data from the second wave of the Panel Survey of Employment for the Disabled (PSED, 2016–2018, 1st–3rd year). Participants included 1851 physically disabled individuals. The Chi-square test and generalized estimating equation (GEE) were used and the Akaike information criterion (AIC) value and the AIC log Bayes factor approximation were used to select sleep trajectories. This is the first study to elucidate multiple sleep trajectories in physically disabled people in Korea, and the relationship between sleep duration trajectories and self-rated depressive symptoms. People with physical disabilities who sleep more than 9 h have the highest risk of depression and need more intensive management as a priority intervention.

Ethics and entangled embodiment: Bodies–materialities–organization

Organization ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Dale ◽  
Yvonne Latham
Keyword(s):  
Disabled People ◽  
Material World ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Ethical Relation ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Ethical Implications ◽  
Political Position ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Radical Alterity ◽  
The Disabled

In this article, we are concerned with the ethical implications of the entanglement of embodiment and non-human materialities. We argue for an approach to embodiment which recognises its inextricable relationship with multiple materialities. From this, three ethical points are made: first, we argue for an ethical relation to ‘things’ not simply as inanimate objects but as the neglected Others of humanity’s (social and material) world. Second, there is a need to recognise different particularities within these entanglements. We draw on the work of Merleau-Ponty and Levinas to think through how the radical alterity of these Others can be acknowledged, whilst also recognising our intercorporeal intertwining with them. Third, we argue that recognition of this interconnectedness and entanglement is a necessary ethical and political position from which the drawing of boundaries and creation of separations that are inherent in social organising can be understood and which contribute to the denigration, discrimination and dismissal of particular forms of embodiment, including those of non-human Others. In order to explore the ethical implications of these entanglements, we draw upon fieldwork in a large UK-based not-for-profit organisation which seeks to provide support for disabled people through a diverse range of services. Examining entanglements in relation to the disabled body makes visible and problematises the multiple differences of embodiments and their various interrelationships with materiality.

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