Researching Language and Gender: A Critical Review

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-87
Author(s):  
D. Vasanta
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Language Use ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
Indian Context ◽  
Political Forces ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
English Speaking World

This article provides a review of some of the major language and gender studies reported pri marily in the English-speaking world during the past three decades. After pointing to the inade quacies of formal linguistic and sociocultural approaches in examining the complex ways in which gender interacts with language use, an alternative theoretical paradigm that gives impor tance to the sociohistorical and political forces residing in the meanings of the resources as well as social identity of the speaker who aims to use those meanings is described. The implications of this shiff from sociocultural to sociohistorical approaches in researching language and gender in the Indian context are discussed in this article.

Ruth Wodak (ed.), Gender and discourse. (Sage studies in discourse.) London (UK) & Thousand Oaks (CA): Sage, 1997. Pp. ix, 303. Pb $27.95. Helga Kotthoff & Ruth Wodak (eds.), Communicating gender in context. (Pragmatics and beyond, n.s., 42.) Amsterdam: Benjamins, 1998. Pp. xxv, 424. Hb $114.00.

2000 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 266-269
Author(s):  
Joanna Thornborrow
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
Northern European ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
Mediterranean Europe ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
And Gender ◽  
English Speaking World

These two collections of articles offer a spectrum of current work in the field of language and gender. Contributors to both volumes include some leading researchers in sociolinguistics and discourse analysis from Britain, America, and New Zealand; the Kotthoff & Wodak book also contains work by contributors from Germany, Sweden, Holland, and Austria. Despite the latter volume's stated aim of bridging the gap in scholarly awareness between Europe and the English-speaking world, we are in effect still dealing with work from a particular section of Europe, i.e. essentially northern European and Germanic countries. With the exception of one study of Spanish women's talk, southern and Mediterranean Europe are still largely absent from the language and gender research scene presented here.

Perceptions of Palestine: The View from Large Linguistic Datasets

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-54
Author(s):  
Terry Regier
Keyword(s):  
Language Use ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Cultural Perceptions ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
Cultural Shift ◽  
General Theme ◽  
English Usage ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World

Cultural norms and trends are often reflected in patterns of language use. This article explores cultural perceptions of Palestine and Palestinians in the English-speaking world, through two analyses of large linguistic datasets. The first analysis seeks to uncover current conceptions of participants in the Israel-Palestine conflict, by identifying words that are distinctively associated with those participants in modern English usage. The second analysis asks what historical-cultural changes led to these current conceptions. A general theme that emerges from these analyses is that a cultural shift appears to have occurred recently in the English-speaking world, marked by greater awareness of Palestinian perspectives on the conflict. Possible causes for such a cultural shift are also explored.

Children’s Lives and Deaths in Merovingian Gaul

2020 ◽  
pp. 185-213
Author(s):  
Émilie Perez
Keyword(s):  
Social Identity ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
New Method ◽  
Recent Analysis ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Grave Goods

The role of children in Merovingian society has long been downplayed, and the study of their graves and bones has long been neglected. However, during the past fifteen years, archaeologists have shown growing interest in the place of children in Merovingian society. Nonetheless, this research has not been without challenges linked to the nature of the biological and material remains. Recent analysis of 315 children’s graves from four Merovingian cemeteries in northern Gaul (sixth to seventh centuries) allows us to understand the modalities of burial ritual for children. A new method for classifying children into social age groups shows that the type, quality, quantity, and diversity of grave goods were directly correlated with the age of the deceased. They increased from the age of eight and particularly around the time of puberty. This study discusses the role of age and gender in the construction and expression of social identity during childhood in the Merovingian period.

Contacts between the Late Roman Empire and North-Central Europe

1996 ◽  
Vol 76 ◽  
pp. 31-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksander Bursche
Keyword(s):  
Roman Empire ◽  
Central Europe ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
European Continent ◽  
North Central ◽  
The Past ◽  
Vistula River ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
The Baltic

The concept of Central Europe is understood here to cover the geographical centre of the European continent (i.e. the territory between the Elbe, Bug and Neman rivers, that is, eastern Germany, Poland, Bohemia, Slovakia and Lithuania), formerly treated in much of the English-speaking world as ‘Eastern Europe’. In the past six years, however, this area has been moving closer to the West. This paper shall concentrate on the region north of the Carpathian mountains, particularly the Vistula river-basin and Scandinavia (without Norway), in other words the territory round the Baltic Sea.

scholarly journals An Exploration of Beliefs about Gender Differences in Language Use

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 48-57
Author(s):  
Esma Latić ◽  
Amna Brdarević Čeljo
Keyword(s):  
Bosnia And Herzegovina ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Private University ◽  
Natural Order ◽  
Women's Speech ◽  
Scientific Exploration ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Mental Constructs

It is the natural order of things for humans to acquire beliefs and conform to stereotypes in an attempt to explain phenomena surrounding them. These mental constructs are known to have a pervasive influence on the way people think and act, and therefore are partly responsible for shaping our social reality. Thus, due to their impact, scientific exploration is needed to illuminate their nature and so enable humans to act upon these findings. Beliefs or stereotypes that are being studied in this particular research are those held about the differences in language use by men and women. Acknowledging that people in Bosnia and Herzegovina largely comply to traditional, patriarchal social norms, this study aims to elucidate the matter by investigating whether students of a private university situated in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina, conform to widespread stereotypes about language and gender, women’s speech and men’s speech in particular, and whether males and females differ in conformity to the stereotypes.

Historical background

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tony Hallam
Keyword(s):  
Charles Darwin ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Western World ◽  
Earth History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Georges Cuvier ◽  
Fossil Bones ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
Christian Thought ◽  
English Speaking World

Georges Cuvier has not been treated with much respect in the English-speaking world for his contributions to the study of Earth history. Charles Lyell is thought to have effectively demolished his claims of episodes of catastrophic change in the past, and it is only in the past few decades, with the rise of so-called ‘neocatastrophism’, that a renewed interest has emerged in his writings, which date from early in the nineteenth century. Cuvier was a man of considerable ability, who quickly rose to a dominant position in French science in the post-Napoleonic years. Though primarily a comparative anatomist, his pioneer research into fossil mammals led him into geology. He argued strongly for the extinction of fossil species, most notably mammoths, mastodons, and giant sloths, at a time when the very thought of extinctions was rather shocking to conventional Christian thought, and linked such extinctions with catastrophic changes in the environment. This view is expressed in what he called the ‘Preliminary Discourse’ to his great four-volume treatise entitled Recherches sur les Ossements Fossiles (Researches on fossil bones), published in 1812. This extended essay was immensely influential in intellectual circles of the western world, was reissued as a short book, and was repeatedly reprinted and translated into the main languages of the day. It became well known in the English-speaking world through the translation by the Edinburgh geologist Robert Jameson (1813), who so bored the young Charles Darwin with his lectures that he temporarily turned him off the subject of geology. According to Martin Rudwick, who has undertaken a new translation which is used here, Jameson’s translation is often misleading and in places downright bad. It was Jameson’s comments rather than Cuvier’s text that led to the widespread belief that Cuvier favoured a literalistic interpretation of Genesis and wished to bolster the historicity of the biblical story of the Flood. The English surveyor William Smith is rightly credited with his pioneering recognition of the value of fossils for correlating strata, which proved of immense importance when he produced one of the earliest reliable geological maps, of England and Wales, but the more learned and intellectually ambitious Cuvier was the first to appreciate fully the significance of fossils for unravelling Earth history.

When a Global War Befell a Global City: Recent Historiography on Wartime Shanghai

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-23
Author(s):  
Taoyu Yang ◽  
Hongquan Han
Keyword(s):  
English Language ◽  
World War ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World ◽  
Global War ◽  
Chinese And English ◽  
Wartime Experience

Abstract Shanghai was the first Chinese city to bear the full brunt of Japanese aggression during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945). This historiographical article reviews the development of the study of wartime Shanghai in Chinese- and English-language academia in the past two decades. In the People’s Republic of China, Shanghai’s history during World War II has long been a favorite topic for academic historians. In the English-speaking world, however, the history of Shanghai’s wartime experience has only recently become a popular research topic. This article introduces many significant works related to wartime Shanghai, lays out important areas of inquiry, and identifies key historiographical trends. Its conclusion offers some suggestions on how the study of wartime Shanghai can be further advanced in the future.

Fuentes hemerográficas del siglo XVIII: recepción de Cervantes en obras teatrales y composiciones musicales británicas

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-320
Author(s):  
Mónica Amenedo-Costa
Keyword(s):  
Eighteenth Century ◽  
Great Britain ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Don Quixote ◽  
Monthly Review ◽  
Comic Opera ◽  
Literary Periodicals ◽  
Literary Journals ◽  
English Speaking ◽  
English Speaking World

RESUMENLas revistas literarias inglesas «The Monthly Review» (1749-1845) y «The Critical Review» (1756-1817) volcaron su atención hacia la producción de reseñas bibliográficas de trabajos según iban apareciendo en el mercado editorial tanto británico como internacional. Las informaciones generadas a partir de este ejercicio periodístico son especialmente relevantes para el estudio de la recepción de autores y textos pertenecientes al ámbito hispano en el ámbito anglosajón y se han empleado en este trabajo para abordar la recepción de Cervantes en obras teatrales y composiciones musicales británicas del siglo XVIII, tales como «Angelica; or, Quixote in Petticoats» (1758), «The Padlock: A Comic Opera» (1768), «Don Quixote. A Musical Entertainment» (1776), «Barataria; or, Sancho turn’d Governor» (1785) y «The Mountaineers, a Play in Three Acts» (1793).PALABRAS CLAVECervantes, revistas literarias, recepción, Gran Bretaña, siglo XVIII. TITLEEighteenth-century Journal Sources: Reception of Cervantes in British Plays and Musical CompositionsABSTRACTThe English literary periodicals «The Monthly Review» (1749-1845) and «The Critical Review» (1756-1817) offered comments on newly printed works as they came out both in Great Britain and abroad. The information provided by these two review journals is of particular relevance to the study of the reception of Spanish authors and their works in the English-speaking world, and has been analysed in this work to explore the critical reception of Cervantes in eighteenth-century British plays and musical compositions such as «Angelica; or, Quixote in Petticoats» (1758), «The Padlock: A Comic Opera» (1768), «Don Quixote. A Musical Entertainment» (1776), «Barataria; or, Sancho turn’d Governor» (1785) and «The Mountaineers, a Play in Three Acts» (1793).KEY WORDSCervantes, literary journals, reception studies, Great Britain, Eighteenth century.

scholarly journals AN ANTHROPOLOGICAL LINGUISTIC STUDY: LANGUAGE AND GENDER IN EFL CLASSROOM

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Anak Agung Putri Maharani
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Classroom Environment ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Language Use ◽  
Linguistic Study ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
Language Classroom ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Conceptual Study

Gender differences are pivotal in EFL (English as A Foreign Language) classroom. The aims of this anthropological linguistic study are to figure out the extent of female and male learners’ differences in EFL classroom, the factors which affect the gender differences in the EFL learners’ language use, and the effects that learners’ gender differences in language use bring to the EFL classroom. Having been designed as a conceptual study, several research findings were scrutinized to answer the research questions. It can be wrapped up that both male and female are distinctive in using English as an international language due to the reasons in communication. Further, it was revealed that multiple factors affect gender differences in using language within the EFL classes; such as: classroom environment, cultural, and social impacts. Finally, the findings definitely convey positive impacts towards the future EFL teaching and learning process.

Japanese? Language? and Gender?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet S. Shibamoto-Smith
Keyword(s):  
Gender And Sexuality ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Japanese Language ◽  
Gender Research ◽  
The Past ◽  
Language And Gender ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Final Particles

This essay offers an overview of language and gender research as it unfolded in a particular ‘Place’: Japan. In the past thirty years, Japanese language and gender/sexuality relations have been characterised both domestically and globally as special, sometimes as unique, due to the existence of distinct joseigo ‘women’s language’ and danseigo ‘men’s language’. A preferential focus on the surface-segmentable forms (pronouns, sentence final particles, etc.) over discursive features and a limited focus on Standard Japanese in the early years of Japanese language and gender research has led to a tendency to view ‘the’ Japanese language as a homogeneous unity and to the reification of the three critical categories, ‘Japan’, ‘language’ and ‘gender’. In this essay, I discuss the problematic nature of the three critical terms, and suggest ways in which Japan-as-Place might profitably be renarrated as the complex place it is and Japanese language, gender and sexuality relations revisited as they operate within that complexity.

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