Engineers or Lawyers? Institutions and Demand for Higher Education

2012 ◽  
pp. 30-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Natkhov ◽  
L. Polishchuk
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Transmission Channel ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
Fields Of Study ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
Rules Of The Game

Law and public administration schools in Russia vastly exceed in their popularity sciences and engineering. We relate such lopsided demand for higher education to the quality of institutions setting “rules of the game” in economy and society. Cross-country and Russian interregional data indicate the quality of institutions (rule of law, protection of property rights etc.) is negatively associated with the demand for education in law, and positively — in sciences and engineering. More gifted younger people are particularly sensitive to the quality of institutions in choosing their fields of study, and such selection is an important transmission channel between institutions and economic growth.

scholarly journals Quality of higher education institutions and graduate satisfaction at the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (32) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Miriam Janet Cervantes López ◽  
Arturo Llanes Castillo ◽  
Alma Alicia Peña Maldonado ◽  
Jaime Cruz Casados
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Labor Market ◽  
Student Satisfaction ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Higher Education Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Academic Level ◽  
Quality Of Institutions

Higher education institutions face the challenge that their graduates have the competences that allows them to quickly enter to the labor market and obtain an adequate economic remuneration. us graduate satisfaction is a key element in the assessment of the quality of institutions, since it allows us to know their perception regarding the quality received in their professional training. e objective is study the quality of higher education institutions and the satisfaction of the graduate in the Autonomous University of Tamaulipas. e methodology is descriptive and transversal  based on graduates information and satisfaction. As a result, Students are satisfied with their professional training received and their expectations were met since the academic level of the institution is good. It is concluded that studies on student satisfaction are useful for higher education institutions to identify educational and administrative priorities about the service they provide.

scholarly journals Does the Quality of Institutions Matter for Financial Inclusion? Cross Country Evidence

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Peter W. Muriu
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Financial Inclusion ◽  
Data Availability ◽  
Institutional Characteristics ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Institutional Reforms ◽  
Cross Country

Despite evidence on the importance of financial inclusion, little is known about the role of institutions in fostering inclusion partly because of data availability. Using annual data corresponding to 120 countries for the period 2004-2019, this study investigates country institutional characteristics associated with the ownership of deposit accounts. A standard regression model is estimated using fixed effects panel data techniques along with financial inclusion proxy and three measures of institutional quality. This paper provides the first empirical justification that financial inclusion is non-negligibly driven by the institutional context. Specifically, rule of law and quality of regulations are crucial in enhancing financial inclusiveness, more so in Africa where they have a stronger effect relative to other regions. Banks and depositors in Africa may be operating in an environment characterized by weak legal systems and excessive or challenging regulations. The evidence presented in this paper may therefore help with the sequencing of institutional reforms that could promote financial inclusion.

scholarly journals Traditional Values and Institutional Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 38-58
Author(s):  
Necati Berk ◽  
◽  
Nurbek Madmarov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
Cultural Dimensions ◽  
Traditional Values ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
The World

Why do similar economic and political institutions function differently in various cultures? This paper tries to identify potentially important factors related to the institutional quality. We investigate the relationship between cultures, cultural dimensions: non-tradition in particular, and formal institutions to explain differences in the quality of institutions around the world. We use a measure of traditional values, structured by Inglehart and Baker, from the World Values Survey, to extend the literature on the determinants of institutions’ quality. We show that differences in traditional values are suggestive to explain differences in the quality of institutions across countries. The OLS method is utilized in order to analyze the factors of institutional quality in sixty countries in 2010–2014. In this study, the OLS models are employed in order to understand the key factors of institutional differences among countries in the period of 2010–2014. The empirical model results show that (i) non-tradition is a reliable significant variable with positive contributions on six institutional quality variables, (ii) urbanization has unexpected negative effects on some institutional quality indicators like rule of law, political stability and voice/accountability. However, it has meaningful contribution to control of corruption in the countries, (iii) economic development have increasing impacts on the majority of the institutional quality variables, (iv) while education has positive effects on government effectiveness, political stability and regulation quality, it has negative unexpected impacts on rule of law and voice/accountability, (v) openness has only effects on corruption and political stability, (vi) there are non-linear relationships between dependent variable(s) and independent variables rather than linear relationships

scholarly journals Does Public Administration Higher Education in CEECs Reflect Demands Created by NPM Reforms?

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juraj Nemec ◽  
David Spacek ◽  
Patrycja Suwaj ◽  
Artur Modrzejewski
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Public Management ◽  
Central And Eastern Europe ◽  
Management Education ◽  
Supportive Services ◽  
Performance Budgeting ◽  
Services Delivery ◽  
And Performance

Does Public Administration Higher Education in CEECs Reflect Demands Created by NPM Reforms? The first part of the paper summarizes NPM approaches in public administration reforms in the countries of Central and Eastern Europe (CEECs), and focuses particularly on contracting of public services delivery, outsourcing of supportive services in public organizations and Program (performance) budgeting and performance evaluation and financing. The problems discussed in the first part open a discussion on public management education of civil servants in CEECs with which deals the second part of the paper. The data available clearly indicate that the contents and quality of public management higher education in the three selected countries - Slovakia, Czech Republic and Poland - do not meet the current needs of a modern state.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Poverty Alleviation Policy: Why Is the Quality of Institutions the Bane in Nigeria?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 215-236
Author(s):  
Fisayo Fagbemi ◽  
Babafemi Oladejo ◽  
Opeoluwa Adeniyi Adeosun
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Poverty Rate ◽  
Democratic Accountability ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Weak Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Institutions ◽  
Governance Practices

This article examines the nexus between the quality of institutions and the poverty in Nigeria over the period 1984–2017, using dynamic least squares, canonical cointegrating regression and vector error correction mechanisms. The analysis based on three institutional measures (bureaucratic quality, democratic accountability and rule of law) reveals how the poverty rate could be escalated by entrenched poor governance. The evidence shows that democratic accountability and rule of law are significant for poverty reduction. This reinforces the assertion that accountability and transparency coupled with strict adherence to rule of law in the public sector are the principal components of poverty alleviation. Also, findings reveal that poverty and weak institutions are interconnected and mutually reinforcing in the country. Overall, the findings posit that poverty is widespread in Nigeria due to capacity constraints of public institutions or underlying governance practices. By implication, the article suggests that policymakers should focus on measures that have the greatest leverage for enhancing effective governance oriented towards poverty reduction and development. In addition, tackling socio-economic inequalities, curbing political unrest and building strong institutions are central to ensuring a socially sustainable basis for holistic welfare improvements.

scholarly journals Human Resource Management is a Prerequisite for Enhancing the Quality of Higher Education in Kosovo

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Shqiponja Nallbani
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Public Administration ◽  
Local Governments ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Quality Of Higher Education ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Government ◽  
Central Level

Given its problematic past, Kosovo’s economic and social development and its current resolve for a European integration process, will be a challenge that will follow for a long time. Because of the burden that state institutions carry in this mission, it is easily verifiable that the process of reform of public administration staff, both at local and central level, is failing. This is primarily because their number is too large and the government has no plans to either reduce this number or to increase their capacity and competence through educational programs of higher education. So far, the Kosovo government, specifically the Ministries of Education, Social Welfare, Labor, etc., and the local governments have no plans on how to achieve this task and the providers of higher education have not provided any program that would adequately enable employees to get re-qualified, in order to carry out their public duties more efficiently and professionally. Therefore, the requalification of staff at a higher education level is one of the essential factors that should be implemented immediately.

scholarly journals AXIOLOGICAL APPROACH AS A FACTOR OF INCREASING QUALITY OF EDUCATION AT TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-113
Author(s):  
M.P. Danilkova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education System ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Social Changes ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Demand For Education ◽  
Modern Education

In a modern technogenic society, the education system is undergoing significant transformations, determined by global changes in the socio-cultural situation. In these conditions, a demand for education is formed, affecting its most important aspects. Taking into account the nature of social changes, modern education should be focused not only on acquiring professional skills, but also on the development of personal, general cultural competencies. The purpose of the article is to accentuate the introduction of the axiological approach into the educational process to solve the key tasks of modernizing education in higher education.

scholarly journals The Quality of Governance and EU Regional Policy as a key determinant in the process of the integration of the Western Balkans into the EU

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr.Sc. Demush Bajrami ◽  
MA. Amir Mustafai
Keyword(s):  
Public Administration ◽  
Rule Of Law ◽  
Economic Transition ◽  
Political Stability ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Governance Indicators ◽  
Quality Of Governance

This paper analyzes the quality of governance and financial assistance as key determinants for successful functioning of the process of integration within the European Union (EU). Moreover, the paper develops a comparison of the Western Balkans with current EU members and the forthcoming, on the basis of the selected indicators of governance (rule of law, democracy, corruption, political stability, and effectiveness of state) with the experience of the implementation of the reforms of public administration. Various surveys show that the Western Balkans, by all quality of governance indicators, especially in the rule of law, lags behind 28 (twenty eight) of the current EU countries (without taking in account the Great Britain). The low level of the functioning of rule of law, combined with inadequate and unreformed public administration is potentially the biggest obstacle in the association agreement of the Western Balkans with EU, but also as challenge in achieving sustainable social and economic development.Whereas in the case of the Western Balkan countries, there is an obvious difference between proclaiming and internal reality, which is further compounded by a difficult political and economic transition, as well as in social domain - where poverty and corruption are the most worrying. The research data obtained from independent bodies - academic and research institutions, civil society and international organizations - confirm this controversial picture of the Western Balkans. Negative attitudes still prevail in Western Balkans political elites and if given the chance to political manipulation, may behave unpredictably. All this makes it obligatory to make a comparative overview, for depicting in particular the quality of governance as sine qua non for the Western Balkans countries‘ integration in EU. 

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