Trends in Socioeconomic Inequalities in the Use of Antenatal Care Services by Women Aged 15 to 49 Years in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 413-421 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vu Duy Kien ◽  
Tej Ram Jat ◽  
Tran Van Phu ◽  
Le Manh Cuong ◽  
Vu Thi Mai Anh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
The Common ◽  
Concentration Indices

Despite considerable variations in the use of antenatal care (ANC) services in Vietnam, limited information is available on socioeconomic inequalities concerning the use of ANC services. This study aimed to assess the trends and changes in socioeconomic inequalities in the use of ANC services by women aged 15 to 49 years in Vietnam from 2006 to 2014. We used data from the Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey conducted in 2006, 2011, and 2014. The percentage of women who received ANC services increased significantly from 26.5% in 2006 to 42.7% in 2011 and reached 56.6% in 2014. We found a decreasing trend in the concentration indices of the use of ANC services from 0.36 in 2006 to 0.19 in 2014. The common factors significantly associated with the higher percentage of the use of ANC services in 2006, 2011, and 2014 were women belonging to the Kinh and Hoa ethnic groups and belonging to wealthier groups. Our study showed a reduction in socioeconomic inequality in the use of ANC services between 2004 and 2014. However, significant inequalities still exist in the use of ANC services based on women’s education, ethnicity, and economic status.

scholarly journals The Correlation of Maternal Factors and The Quality of Antenatal Care Services With Low Birth Weight Babies In Health Facilities Level I

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 103
Author(s):  
Wira Meiriza ◽  
Aladin Aladin ◽  
Edison Edison
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Maternal Health ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Maternal Factors ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Low Birth Weight Babies

Infant Mortality Rate in West Sumatra still increased from 96 cases in 2015 becomes 111 cases in 2016. One of the contributors to this was the case of Low Birth Weight Babies (LBWB), wich is birth weight < 2500 grams. Causative factors of LBWB are derived from maternal factors because it is related to fetal growth, starting from the moment of conception until the baby is born. Maternal health is very influential towards the growth and development of the fetus. In addition, Antenatal Care is also require to monitor maternal health. Antenatal service care quality can detect the occurrence of risk in pregnancy. This study aims to determine the relationship of maternal factors based on maternal age, parity, distance of pregnancy, complications of pregnancy, economic status, nutritional status, anemia status, antenatal care implementation and the quality of antenatal care services with LBWB incidence on health facilities level 1 in Padang City.This study used a comparative cross-sectional design totalling 72 respondents consisting of a group of mothers who gave birth to babies with birth weight < 2500 grams and ≥ 2500 grams using consecutive sampling technique. Then conducted interviews and observations by using questionnaires as well as data processing were carried out using SPSS. The results showed there was a correlation between pregnancy complications (p = 0.033), anemia status (p = 0.016) and the implementation of antenatal care (p = 0.000) with the incidence of LBWB, while the unrelated were maternal age (p = 0.405), parity (p = 1,000), pregnancy distance (p = 1,000), economic status (p = 0.637), nutritional status (p = 0.326), and quality of antenatal care services (p = 0.812).The conclusion of this study is that there is no correlation between the quality of antenatal care services and the incidence of LBWB, and the implementation of antenatal care is the dominant factor related with the incidence of LBWB in Padang City.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic Inequalities in the HIV Testing during Antenatal Care in Vietnamese Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (18) ◽  
pp. 3240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dinh-Toi Chu ◽  
Hoang-Long Vo ◽  
Dang-Khoa Tran ◽  
Hao Nguyen Si Anh ◽  
Long Bao Hoang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Hiv Testing ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Human Immunodeficiency Virus Testing ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Social Characteristics ◽  
Vietnamese Women ◽  
Acceptance Rates

Although HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) testing for all women has been promoted by Vietnam’s Ministry of Health since 2000, test acceptance rates in this country were reported to be less than 30% in the community. This country has been facing the barriers to approach the national services towards transmission prevention from mother to child including HIV testing during antenatal care (ANC) towards mothers. Here, we aim to assess the socioeconomic inequalities in HIV testing during ANC among Vietnamese women. This study used available data from the Vietnam Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey 2014. Overall, the prevalence of HIV testing during antenatal care was 30% and the concentrate index (CCI) was 0.1926. There was significant inequality between women classified as poor and rich, and when stratified by social characteristics, inequality was found in women aged 15–49 years (CCI: 0.4), living in rural areas (CCI: 0.3), belonging to ethnic minorities (CCI: 0.5) and having primary or less education (CCI: 0.4). In the multivariate logistic regression analysis, ethnicity and socioeconomic status were significant factors associated with HIV testing during ANC. We found the prevalence of HIV testing during ANC was low, and its inequalities were associated with age, living area, ethnicity, education, and economic status.

scholarly journals A Decomposition Analysis of Inequality in Malnutrition among Under-Five Children in Iran: Findings from Multiple Indicator Demographic and Health Survey, 2010

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdollah ALMASIAN KIA ◽  
Sahar GOODARZI ◽  
Heshmatollah ASADI ◽  
Ardeshir KHOSRAVI ◽  
Aziz REZAPOUR
Keyword(s):  
Health Survey ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Demographic And Health Survey ◽  
Decomposition Approach ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Under Five Children ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Concentration Indices

Background: Nutritional status at the early stages of children’s lives is essential for growth and development not only in infancy but also in adult life. This study aimed to measure the inequality in malnutrition among under-five children in Iran and explore the impact of socioeconomic factors on this inequality using a regression-based decomposition approach. Methods: Data were extracted from Iran's Multiple-Indicator Demographic and Health Survey 2010. The concentration index of stunting, underweight, and wasting were applied in order to measure the magnitude of socioeconomic inequality in child malnutrition. Moreover, the concentration indices were decomposed to understand the contribution of socioeconomic variables in childhood malnutrition inequality. Results: The obtained concentration indices of stunting, underweight, and wasting were respectively -0.177, -0.092, and -0.031. Socioeconomic inequality in stunting and underweight was statistically significant, however this socioeconomic gradient was not observed in wasting. More than 50% of the inequality in stunting and about 63% of the inequality in underweight were influenced by socioeconomic status. Furthermore, maternal education was associated with 19% and 22% of inequality in stunting and underweight respectively. Conclusion: The average reduction of malnutrition indices at the national level hides the burden of malnutrition among children in poor families. If government and policymakers seek to solve this problem, they have to take direct and targeted actions to eliminate the existing inequalities in the socioeconomic determinants associated with malnutrition.  

scholarly journals Prevalence and Socioeconomic inequalities trends in child health comparing within and between group inequalities: Food insecurity and malnutrition in Zimbabwe

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akim Tafadzwa Lukwa ◽  
Aggrey Siya ◽  
Karen Nelwin Zablon ◽  
James Azam ◽  
Olufunke A. Alaba
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Nutrition Status ◽  
Food Security Status ◽  
Concentration Indices ◽  
Geographical Clusters

Abstract BackgroundGlobally nations are advocating for universal health coverage which argues for health access for all however, inequalities in child health remain a threat to this global initiative. Even though malnutrition and food insecurity are now dominating the global development agenda, there are substantial gaps on literature about patterns and trends of socioeconomic inequalities in food insecurity and malnutrition in many developing countries. Globally an estimated 3.1 million children die annually as a result of undernutrition, shockingly sub-Saharan Africa accounts for majority of the most nutritionally insecure and food insecure children in the world. In previous decades’ prevalence of stunting in Zimbabwe has been erratic. This paper assessed socioeconomic inequalities in child health focusing on malnutrition and food insecurity in Zimbabwe.MethodsThe study used Demographic Health Survey (DHS) data sets of 2010\11 and 2015. Food insecurity in children was determined based on the WHO dietary diversity score. The study adopted the WHO dietary diversity score informed by the Infant and Young Child Feeding (IYCF) practices. Minimum dietary diversity as an indicator for food security is defined by a cut- off point of >4, therefore for this study children with less than 3 of the 13 food groups were defined as food insecure. Malnutrition was assessed using weight-for-age Z-scores, with children whose weight-for-age Z-score below minus two standard deviations (-2 SD) from the median considered malnourished. Concentration indices were computed to understand if malnutrition was dominant among the poor or rich. The paper used the Theil index, which is a generalized entropy measure and decomposed the indices by population subgroups (geographical clusters and socioeconomic status) so as to separate total inequality in the distribution between the selected groups and remaining within-group inequalities.ResultsFor the period under review malnutrition prevalence increased by 1.03 percentage points (p.p) [2010/11(3.73%); 2015(4.76%)], while food insecurity prevalence decreased by 4.35p.p [2010/11(78.29%);2015(73.94)]. Prevalence of malnutrition and food insecurity increased by; 9.6p.p and 2p.p among poor children & 10.23p.p and 0.5p.p among rural children. Concentration indices showed that; children from wealthy households were more likely to be food secure (pro-rich) while, children from poor households were more likely to be nutritious (pro-poor). For nutrition status socioeconomic inequality gaps appear to be widening as the concentration indices between the two time periods increased, while for food security status socioeconomic inequality gaps appear to be contracting as the concentration indices between the two time periods reduced. Decomposed Theil indices by geographical clusters (urban & rural) for; food security status shows contracting socioeconomic inequality gaps in both geographical clusters (urban & rural), while for nutrition status the Theil indices reflect widening socioeconomic inequality gaps among urban children and contracting socioeconomic inequality gaps among rural children.ConclusionThe study concluded within-group inequalities to be driving most of the socioeconomic inequalities in nutritional status and food security status of children in Zimbabwe. Therefore, Zimbabwean government should design policies that focus on addressing within-group inequalities and direct food security interventions for food insecure children through availing food aid.

scholarly journals Prevalence and predictors of timely initiation of breastfeeding in Ghana: an analysis of 2017–2018 multiple indicator cluster survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Paschal Awingura Apanga ◽  
Maxwell Tii Kumbeni
Keyword(s):  
Caesarean Section ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Skilled Attendant ◽  
Timely Initiation ◽  
Cluster Survey ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Multiple Indicator Cluster Survey ◽  
Multiple Indicator ◽  
Timely Initiation Of Breastfeeding ◽  
Initiation Of Breastfeeding

Abstract Background Timely initiation of breastfeeding is putting the newborn to the breast within 1 h of birth. Its practice can prevent neonatal and under-5 mortality. This study aims to assess the prevalence and factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers in Ghana. Methods We used data from the 2017–2018 Ghana multiple indicator cluster survey and our analysis was restricted to 15,305 mothers who had a live birth within 2 years. Multivariable logistic regression was used to estimate the factors associated with timely initiation of breastfeeding whilst adjusting for potential confounders, and accounted for clustering, stratification, and sample weights. Results The prevalence of timely initiation of breastfeeding was 51.3% (95% CI 48.1, 54.6%). Mothers who received antenatal care were twice as likely to timely initiate breastfeeding compared to mothers who did not receive antenatal care (Adjusted prevalence odds ratios [aPOR] 2.01, 95% CI 1.03, 3.95). Mothers who were assisted by a skilled attendant at birth had 90% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who were not assisted by a skilled attendant (aPOR 1.90, 95% CI 1.41, 2.55). Mothers who delivered by caesarean section had 76% lower odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had a vaginal delivery (aPOR 0.24, 95, 95% CI 0.16, 0.36). Mothers who had planned their pregnancy had 45% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding compared to mothers who had an unplanned pregnancy (aPOR 1.45, 95% CI 1.09, 1.92). There were also 84% and 55% higher odds of timely initiation of breastfeeding among mothers who perceived their baby was large (aPOR 1.84, 95% CI 1.32, 2.58), and of average size (aPOR 1.55, 95% CI 1.11, 2.17) at birth respectively, compared to mothers who perceived their baby was small. Conclusions Interventions to increase timely initiation of breastfeeding should provide breastfeeding support to mothers who have had a caesarean section or small sized babies, prevent unplanned pregnancies, and promote antenatal care attendance among pregnant women.

Why caesarean is more unequally concentrated among better-off people in Tehran? A concentration index decomposition approach

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Omani-Samani ◽  
Amir Almasi-Hashiani ◽  
Saeid Safiri ◽  
Mahroo Rezaeinejad ◽  
Fatemeh Shokri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Concentration Index ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequality ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Decomposition Approach

BackgroundIran, as one of the low-income and middle-income countries, has experienced a remarkable increase in the caesarean section (CS) rate during the past three decades. Although several studies have been conducted on the prevalence and risk factors affecting CS, but few studies were done regarding socioeconomic factors influencing the CS rate. The aim of this study was to identify socioeconomic inequalities and its determinants in CS in Tehran, capital of Iran.MethodsA population-based cross-sectional study was conducted on 5170 pregnancies in Tehran, since 2015. Principal component analysis was applied to measure the asset-based economic status. Concentration index was used to measure socioeconomic inequality in CS and then decomposed in to its determinants.ResultsThe concentration index and its 95% CI for CS history was 0.102 (0.091 to 0.112). Decomposition of the concentration index showed that economic status had the largest contribution (49.2%) to socioeconomic inequality in CS. Mother’s education (14.9%), father’s occupation (13.3%) and father’s nationality (9.7%) had the next high positive contribution to measured inequality in CS, respectively.ConclusionsCS is mostly concentrated among women with high economic status. The identified contributing factors should be addressed to decrease the socioeconomic inequalities as possible.

scholarly journals Explaining socioeconomic disparities and gaps in the use of antenatal care services in 36 countries in sub-Saharan Africa

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarech G Obse ◽  
John E Ataguba
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
Socioeconomic Inequalities ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Significant maternal and child deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) even with existing effective interventions. Antenatal care (ANC), for example, is an intervention that improves the health of pregnant women and their babies, but only 52% of pregnant women in SSA had the recommended minimum of four ANC visits between 2011 and 2016. While significant socioeconomic inequalities in ANC visits have been reported to the disadvantage of the poor, little is known about the depth of ANC coverage and associated inequalities. This paper introduces ‘deficits’ (i.e. the number of ANC visits that are needed to reach the recommended minimum of four ANC visits) and ‘surpluses’ (i.e. the number of ANC visits over and above the recommended minimum of four ANC visits) to assess socioeconomic inequalities in the indicator and depth of the ‘deficits’ and ‘surpluses’ in ANC visits. Using the latest available Demographic and Health Survey data for 36 SSA countries and concentration indices, the paper found that ‘deficits’ in ANC visits are more prevalent among poorer women compared to ‘surpluses’ that are concentrated among the rich. On average, women with ‘deficits’ in ANC visits require about two more ANC visits to reach the recommended four ANC visits, and women with ‘surpluses’ exceeded the recommended minimum by about two ANC visits. The factors that explain a substantial share of the socioeconomic inequalities in ANC ‘deficits’ and ‘surpluses’ in SSA include wealth, education and area of residency, which are essentially the social determinants of health inequalities. For policy response, it is suggested that education is a significant channel to affect the other social determinants of inequalities in ANC coverage reported in the paper. Thus, countries must prioritize quality education as addressing education, especially among women in SSA, will significantly reduce disparities in ANC service utilization and accelerate progress towards universal health coverage.

scholarly journals Demographic and Socio-economic Factors Affecting Antenatal Care Services Utilization in Nepal

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 71-87
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Acharya
Keyword(s):  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Economic Factors ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Services Utilization ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Seeking Behavior ◽  
The Government

In Nepal, Antenatal care (ANC) services seeking behavior has improved since the 1990s. More pregnant women are seeking the services now than ever. Still a relatively high percentage does not seek even a onetime ANC care and the percentage of women who seek 4 or more ANC care from a skilled service provider is still low. Research in developing countries shows that various demographic, social and economic factors influence the utilization of ANC services and the number of times the care is sought by pregnant women. This paper examines the likelihood of utilization of ANC services 4 or more times in relation to women’s demographic, social and economic status in Nepal. The 2011 Nepal Demographic and Health Survey (NDHS) data set has been utilized by applying bivariate logistics regression analysis technique to examine the effects of these variables in 4 or more ANC use in Nepal. The analysis findings show large variations and gaps in the utilization of ANC care based on demographic, social and economic status of women. Against this finding, the study recommends implementation of appropriate policy and program measures by the government and other agencies to address the existing variations and gaps in ANC services utilization among different sub-groups of women in Nepal. Further research studies focusing on the existing barriers in ANC services utilization need to be conducted in Nepal especially among the women who are disadvantaged and marginalized.  The Journal of Development and Administrative Studies (JODAS)Vol. 24 (1-2), pp. 71-87

Factors affecting the utilization of antenatal care services among women in Guinea: a population-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gebretsadik Shibre ◽  
Betregiorgis Zegeye ◽  
Dina Idriss-Wheeler ◽  
Sanni Yaya
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Antenatal Care ◽  
Maternal Education ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Media Exposure ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Care Services ◽  
Skilled Anc

Abstract Introduction Evidence suggests that a better understanding of determinants of antenatal care (ANC) utilization is crucial to reducing maternal and child deaths. Little is known about the utilization of ANC services in Guinea. Objective The aim of this study was to explore factors determining utilization of skilled ANC in Guinea. Methods This study focused on a sample of 7812 ever married women. Using multivariate logistic regression, factors associated with the utilization of ANC were identified. The output of the multivariate logistic regression was presented using adjusted odds ratio and the corresponding 95% confidence interval (CI). Results Several factors had significant association with utilization of skilled ANC service in Guinea: having decision-making power (2.21, 95% CI: 1.63, 3.00), employment status (1.86, 95% CI: 1.39, 2.48), media exposure (1.60, 95% CI: 1.26, 2.02), maternal education (2.68, 95% CI: 1.36, 5.28), husband/partner education status (1.66, 95% CI: 1.08, 2.55), household economic status (2.19, 95% CI: 1.40, 3.44), place of residence (0.29, 95% CI: 0.16, 0.50) and ethnicity (0.40, 95% CI: 0.23, 0.69). Conclusions These findings suggest a variety of socio-demographic and economic factors as well as media exposure are associated with women’s use of ANC. Policymakers should implement appropriate measures to address the existing variations and gaps in ANC services utilization among different subgroups of women in Guinea.

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