scholarly journals Relation of Dental Composite Formulations To Their Degradation and the Release of Hydrolyzed Polymeric-Resin-Derived Products

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 136-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.P. Santerre ◽  
L. Shajii ◽  
B.W. Leung
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Monomer Conversion ◽  
Composite Resins ◽  
Dental Composite ◽  
Material Degradation ◽  
Active Approach ◽  
Hydrolysis Process ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This article reviews the principal modes of dental composite material degradation and relates them to the specific components of the composites themselves. Particular emphasis is placed on the selection of the monomer resins, the filler content, and the degree of monomer conversion after the clinical materials are cured. Loss of mechanical function and leaching of components from the composites are briefly described, while a more detailed description is provided of studies that have considered the chemical breakdown of materials by agents that are present in the oral cavity, or model the latter. Specific attention will be given to the hydrolysis process of monomer and composite components, i.e., the scission of condensation-type bonds (esters, ethers, amides, etc.) that make up the monomer resins, following reaction of the resins with water and salivary enzymes. A synopsis of enzyme types and their sources is outlined, along with a description of the work that supports their ability to attack and degrade specific types of monomer systems. The methods for the study of biodegradation effects are compared in terms of sensitivity and the information that they provide. The impact of biodegradation on the ultimate biocompatibility of current materials is discussed from the perspective of what is known to date and what remains to be studied. The findings of the past decade clearly indicate that there are many reasons to probe the issue of biochemical stability of composite resins in the oral cavity. The challenge will now be to have both industry and government agencies take a pro-active approach to fund research in this area, with the expectation that these studies will lead to a more concise definition of biocompatibility issues related to dental composites. In addition, the acquired information from such studies will generate the development of alternate polymeric chemistries and composite formulations that will require further investigation for use as the next generation of restorative materials with enhanced biostability.

scholarly journals Sustainable Design of a NanoSatellite Structure TypeCubeSat as a Modular Platform for Tests

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 108-134
Author(s):  
German Wedge Rodriguez Pirateque ◽  
Nelson Arzola de la Peña ◽  
Ernesto David Cortes Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Quality Function Deployment ◽  
Sustainable Design ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Experimental Development ◽  
Satellite Systems ◽  
Modular Platform ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

This article is intended to contribute to the development of proprietary technologies and the evaluation and selection of integrated technologies in the study of the aerospace concept necessary for the processes of technological appropriation. The problem addressed lies in the lack of modular platforms and lowcost test systems for experimental development and simulations of satellite systems. Therefore, compare to this the proposal of a scalable modular platform of the 1U CubeSat standard is presented as the main results. The design and characterization process presented from the concept of sustainability, contributes to the use and development of low-cost equipment that minimizes the impact on the environment and, in turn, is practical for its implementation in activities of groups and research centers that promote the diffusion of space technologies in Colombia. The methodology of sustainable design, the definition of design principles and conceptual design, which is materialized with the application of quality function deployment method (QFD), the theory of inventive problem solving (TRIZ)), the manufacturability-oriented design (DfM), assemblability (DfA), environmental impact (DfE), reliability (DfR), and safety assessment, are relevant for compliance with the CubeSat operating standards described in cds. Finally, several constructive modes of the low cost test platforms are proposed with different materials such as 3D prototyping in paper, abs, mdf wood and aluminum. All of them are small-scale satellite structures designed and constructed at low-cost. These designs result in the materialization to test on-board systems and integration resistance in assembly and materials, in laboratories as vibration test-bench, for research groups or companies interested in promoting the development of space technologies.

scholarly journals Toward mixed-methods impact evaluation: Making stabilization assessments work for development cooperation

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Koehler ◽  
Kristóf Gosztonyi ◽  
Keith Child ◽  
Basir Feda
Keyword(s):  
Mixed Methods ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Development Cooperation ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Jel Codes ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Complex Development ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

We introduce a mixed-methods approach to assess the impact of a complex development program on stability and present a selection of relevant results on stabilization dynamics and possible program-related impacts. The program is implemented by an international nongovernmental organization and combines capacity building with infrastructure development at the district level in North Afghanistan. We develop a working definition of stability and define context-relevant stabilization indicators. We then analyze how various stabilization indicators relate to each other and observe how they change over time. Finally, we analyze how proxies for program activity relate to the stabilization dynamics observed. At this stage, the data analysis is exploratory, and the results are illustrative rather than definite in regard to the success or failure of the stabilization program. [JEL codes: D74, O53]

Political Bias in Policy Convergence: Privatization Choices in Latin America

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 462-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Victoria Murillo
Keyword(s):  
Latin America ◽  
Regional Policy ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Right Wing ◽  
Prior Beliefs ◽  
Policy Convergence ◽  
Political Bias ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

Since the early 1980s privatization has spread in Latin America under both right-wing rulers and populist presidents. This regional convergence toward privatization seemed to announce the end of partisan policy-making. However, not all governments implement privatization in the same way even in the context of policy convergence. Technocrats propose similar policy options in countries where capital dearth creates pressures for convergence. Yet politicians build the electoral and government coalitions that make these policies possible, and their preferences shape the institutions chosen at implementation. The “bias” introduced by politicians depends on their prior beliefs and constituencies, which shape their institutional preferences. Beliefs about economic nationalism and state intervention influence the selection of regulations at the time of privatization, whereas coalition buildingwith political constituencies shapes the definition of selling conditions in privatized companies. This “political bias,” which is contingent on the privatizing government, explains that the regional policy convergence toward privatization did not extend to its implementation. That is, although politicians may be losing influence about whether to privatize, they still have a say in the choice of how to privatize. This article analyzes the impact of this “political bias” by focusing on the choice of regulatory institutions and selling conditions in five cases of privatization of electricity and telecommunications in Latin America.

scholarly journals Клінічно-орієнтовані технології забезпечення якості лікування пацієнтів пластмасовими коронками

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Yanishen
Keyword(s):  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Oral Fluid ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Dental Materials ◽  
Material Design ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Metal Ceramic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

<p>The plastic crowns are the most inexpensive of all currently known materials for fixed prosthetics. Plastics have many disadvantages, but the affordable price of this material is not so bad as it may seem at first glance. Actually bits of plastic have certain advantages. For example, the speed and comparative ease of fabrication, uncharacteristic for metal-ceramic, zirconium crowns, gold and other expensive bits. The investigation was conducted to study the effectiveness of the improved treatment of patients by plastic crowns with the selection of compliance-complexes "material-design". We have formed 2 groups of patients with plastic crowns and two subgroups (depending on applied innovation in clinical laboratory stage). For each subgroup a separate clinical groups of patients we used alternative compliance-complexes of dental materials. As a result of treatment by plastic crowns with the use of dental materials with  the maximum value of compliance-complexes the impact of the denture on the condition of the oral cavity is achieved by reducing the level of dysbiosis, a decrease in the activity of urease and a decrease in the viscosity of the oral fluid.</p>

scholarly journals WAYS FOR IMPROVING THE PERSONNEL SELECTION TECHNOLOGIES

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-102
Author(s):  
Halyna Babiak
Keyword(s):  
Personnel Selection ◽  
Staff Turnover ◽  
Selection System ◽  
Working Capacity ◽  
Professional Performance ◽  
Vacant Position ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Effective Result ◽  
Selection Of

The article is devoted to problems of improving to technology of staff selection. This article states that the most important problem of formation of personnel potential employees is the definition and using of HR technology. The impact on staff potential of employees is exercised by means of HR technologies. During the selection of candidates for a vacant position, obsolete methods are used which do not give an effective result for today. That is why, modern organizations should pay due attention to the selection of staff. The primary tasks of increasing the efficiency of the functioning of executive and management structures is to equip them with workers who have the necessary qualities to successfully own the chosen profession, the creation of a system that allows them to maintain and develop their working capacity, as well as reliability. To perform these tasks, we need to periodic control of the employee's functional status and to definition of objective criteria, which characterize the qualitative composition of units. In this article the staff selection system have been explored. An analysis of the effectiveness of the existing selection system have been carried out. Measures to improve of staff selection system have been developed. For improving selection system at the enterprises we propose the introduction of a method of selection of staff, which called “group interview”. An important step in the process of providing enterprise workforce is the selection of candidates, who will be able to work effectively there. Therefore, the development of the selection system is one of the most important components of the overall management system. The article states that the professional performance of the selection of staff will positively affect the reduction of staff turnover, the greater satisfaction of employees with the service, as a result, greater efficiency of the organization.

scholarly journals Hacia un Marco Conceptual Común sobre Trazabilidad en la Cadena de Suministro de Alimentos

Ingeniería ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Dora Lucia Rincón Ballesteros ◽  
Johan Esteban Fonseca Ramírez ◽  
Javier Arturo Orjuela-Castro
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Food Chains ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
The Social ◽  
Common Framework ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractBackground: The absence of a common conceptual framework on traceability in the food supply chain (SCF), prevents a cohesive development of this concept. The absence has generated confusion and has made it impossible to demonstrate the social and commercial advantages of its implementation. In addition, not having a common framework in countries such as Colombia obstructs the development of public policies.Method: A systematic review of the literature was carried out in four stages: search protocol to consult articles in the databases Scopus, Science Direct and ISI Web; review and selection of relevant articles; extraction and incorporation of data into tables and formats designed for this purpose and elaboration of the conceptual framework.Results: A common conceptual framework is proposed for the design and implementation of a traceability system in the SCF covering the following aspects: definition of traceability, characteristics and properties, schemes, traceable resource unit, motivators and recording systems. The international and national legislation is evaluated and aspects for its incorporation are established. The proposed conceptual framework is exemplified by the meat supply chain to guide the implementation of traceability systems in CSA in Colombia. Conclusions: The conceptual framework for SCF traceability can be a guide for the implementation and development of food chains in the Colombian context. Implementing this in agricultural chains would allow the differentiation of origin, which can be a competitive factor for producers with good agricultural practices, as well as provide effective logistic capacities for all agents of the SCF. The effect of its implementation should be evaluated with special emphasis on the impact on brand positioning and the establishment of fair prices as an effect of tracking and tracing the traceability system.Language: Spanish.

scholarly journals Generic Digital Forensic Business Model – Malaysian Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Haswani Saiman ◽  
Mazura Mat Din
Keyword(s):  
Business Model ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Digital Forensic ◽  
Security Personnel ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Ict Security ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Government Security

Rapid development of cyberspace has created a healthy competition in the creation of computer systems and other devices. The impact of these developments is that cyber threats had caused hectic in digital security area and its reliability to be the trusted system in the industry. Therefore, in order resolve the problem, many countries began developing their own procedures for investigating cyber-related cases based on their own law and regulations and it when the term of digital forensic take place. Researchers began to provide the best definition of each potential element that said as can be a structure in the digital forensic. On other part, the preparations of designing the investigation procedures were based on various designs. In this research, modified investigative procedures are centered on the Malaysian Chief Government Security Office (MCGSO) as a central authority providing advisory services in the field of physical security, document security, personnel security and ICT security. The comparison between approaches had been made where it cover two (2) approaches namely framework and business model. Based on the survey that been made within the organization, selection of design and framework for digital forensic for this organization is based on the business model in general and the Digital Forensic Business Model in particular and it will link together with the general elements and components of digital forensic.

scholarly journals Continuing Case Against Inter-Period Tax Allocation

2011 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Colley ◽  
Joseph Rue ◽  
Ara Volkan
Keyword(s):  
Financial Accounting ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Individual Event ◽  
Deferred Taxes ◽  
Accounting Theory ◽  
Deferred Tax ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

<p class="MsoBlockText" style="line-height: normal; margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-size: 10pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">The annual and industry-based behavior of deferred tax balances is analyzed and the accounting theory and procedures required by the FASB are examined in the context of the unit problem. The unit problem involves the selection of the appropriate perspective (either individual or aggregate) for applying measurement and recognition conventions to phenomena of interest. From an individual event perspective, the FASB's conclusions regarding liability recognition are inconsistent with the definition of liabilities found in the Statement of Financial Accounting Concepts No. 6. In addition, the use of inconsistent perspectives by S109 creates disagreements with the FASB&rsquo;s position, where both the individual and aggregate perspectives are used simultaneously as the basis of the FASB's decisions. The impact of eliminating deferred taxes and adjusting the liability and stockholders equity balances on the debt-to-equity (DTE) ratio is computed for each year and 20 industries in the COMPUSTAT database (1997 &ndash; 2006). The change results in significant decreases in DTE each year and in all industries.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals - The factors affecting the evaluation and selection of hotels - An analytical study of a field a sample of tourists visiting the State of Djelfa - Algeria: العوامل التي تؤثر في تقييم واختيار الفنادق - دراسة ميدانية تحليلية لعينة من السياح الذين يقصدون ولاية الجلفة- الجزائر-

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiba Ali Toual, Siham Salem Mahamdi
Keyword(s):  
Interior Design ◽  
The State ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
The Social ◽  
Independent Variable ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Selection Of

This research aims to study the impact of a range of factors on the evaluation and selection of hotels, for that we’ve conducted a study based on the descriptive analytical approach, where 100 questionnaires were distributed to a random sample of tourists visiting the state of Djelfa- Algeria. The study found that the evaluation and selection of the hotel within the sample members is influenced by the range of factors covered by the study (the purpose of the visit, the definition of value by the visitor, the social and economic factors, age and gender, race or religion). Depending on the correlation coefficient value (R 0.885), the relationship between the independent variable and the dependent variable was strong, and the independent variable explains 77.2%of the dependent variable. Finally, the study has presented a set of recommendations, which conclude in:- Renovation and development of the interior design of hotels;- Annual training programs including the hotel staff and this is to learn about new trends in the hotel’s industry.

scholarly journals The Impact Factor Fetishism

2013 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 327-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Fleck
Keyword(s):  
Impact Factor ◽  
Impression Management ◽  
Web Of Science ◽  
Citation Index ◽  
Scientific Information ◽  
Social Science Citation Index ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractOne of the most popular indicators is the Impact Factor. This paper examines the coming into being of this highly influential figure. It is the offspring of Eugene Garfield’s experimentation with the huge amounts of data available at his Institute for Scientific Information and the result of a number of attempts to find appropriate measurements for the success (“impact”) of articles and journals. The completely inductive procedure was initially adjusted by examining the data thoughtfully and by consulting with experts from different scientific disciplines. Later, its calculation modes were imposed on other disciplines without further consideration. The paper demonstrates in detail the inopportune consequences of this, in particular for sociology. Neither the definition of disciplines, nor the selection of journals for the Web of Science/Social Science Citation Index follows any comprehensible rationale. The procedures for calculating the impact factor are inappropriate. Despite its obvious unsuitability, the impact factor is used by editors of sociological journals for marketing and impression management purposes. Fetishism!

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document