Modeling the Feedback Process in Teams: A Field Study of Teamwork

2021 ◽  
pp. 105960112110180
Author(s):  
Denise Potosky ◽  
Cécile Godé ◽  
Jean-Fabrice Lebraty
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Feedback Process ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Behavioral Mechanism ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
French Military ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Military Teams

Research on teamwork has considered the effects of different types of feedback and information exchanged as teams coordinate their actions and has described team processes in terms of phases of task performance. Interpersonal communication processes represent the behavioral mechanism by which teams create shared mental models, but it is not clear how teams use and exchange feedback as part of these processes as they perform together. Using a 5-year-period, grounded theory methodology, we investigated how action teams exchange feedback to achieve teamwork. We examined the feedback process of three different elite French military teams. Our findings offer new evidence that action teams working in extreme/high stakes contexts use different types of feedback from multiple sources and that certain feedback sources are more relevant and certain feedback practices are more prevalent at certain stages. Specifically, throughout briefing, team task performance, formal debriefing, and informal debriefing stages, the teams we studied used information from multiple sources as they engaged in technique, reflexive, and socialization feedback practices. Teamwork was evident as the teams coordinated their action during recurring performance cycles. We use our findings to model the feedback process for teamwork and discuss implications for research and practice.

Effects of taboo conversation topics on impression formation and task performance evaluation

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Hye Eun Lee ◽  
Catherine Kingsley Westerman ◽  
Emi Hashi ◽  
Kyle B. Heuett ◽  
Stephen A. Spates ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Performance Evaluation ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Impression Formation ◽  
Communication Satisfaction ◽  
Communication Interaction ◽  
Positive Impression ◽  
And Task

We examined how taboo conversation topics, such as being arrested, religion, and one's body weight, affect impression formation and task performance. In an experiment with 109 women, each participant and a female research confederate, whom the participant believed to be another participant, had a conversation and were asked to complete a task. We manipulated the conversation topics and actual task performance of the confederate, and measured participants' communication satisfaction; perception of the confederate's social, physical, and task attractiveness; and task performance. The results show that when the confederate performed well and appropriate (vs. taboo) conversation topics were discussed, the participants formed a more positive impression of the confederate and evaluated her task performance more positively. Therefore, if social norms for appropriate conversation topics are not followed, individuals may be less satisfied with their interpersonal communication interaction with the person who has not observed the norms, and may evaluate the task performance of that other person more negatively.

INFLUENCE OF PERSONAL COMMUNICATION NETWORKS ON INNOVATION ADOPTION — USING MULTI-AGENT SIMULATIONS TO PROJECT THE LAUNCH OF AN INNOVATIVE MEDICAL DEVICE

2013 ◽  
Vol 10 (05) ◽  
pp. 1340021 ◽  
Author(s):  
CHRISTIAN BARROT ◽  
JAN KUHLMANN ◽  
ANDREA POPA
Keyword(s):  
Medical Device ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Personal Communication ◽  
Market Penetration ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Us ◽  
Multi Agent

Adoption processes are often heavily influenced by interpersonal communication. Marketing managers are increasingly trying to use these relationships to foster the market penetration of their products. In an empirical study of the US market for an innovative medical device, we survey the social network of (mostly chief) anesthetists from 151 hospitals. We confirm the influences from personal communication on individual adoption decisions through hazard regressions. We then use a multi-agent modeling framework trying to identify what seeding strategies would have been optimal to achieve a fast market penetration, i.e. which and how many anesthetists should be selected to initiate personal communication processes.

scholarly journals Accessible Routes Integrating Data from Multiple Sources

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Miguel R. Luaces ◽  
Jesús A. Fisteus ◽  
Luis Sánchez-Fernández ◽  
Mario Munoz-Organero ◽  
Jesús Balado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Heterogeneous Data ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Heterogeneous Data Sources ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Software Sensors ◽  
The City

Providing citizens with the ability to move around in an accessible way is a requirement for all cities today. However, modeling city infrastructures so that accessible routes can be computed is a challenge because it involves collecting information from multiple, large-scale and heterogeneous data sources. In this paper, we propose and validate the architecture of an information system that creates an accessibility data model for cities by ingesting data from different types of sources and provides an application that can be used by people with different abilities to compute accessible routes. The article describes the processes that allow building a network of pedestrian infrastructures from the OpenStreetMap information (i.e., sidewalks and pedestrian crossings), improving the network with information extracted obtained from mobile-sensed LiDAR data (i.e., ramps, steps, and pedestrian crossings), detecting obstacles using volunteered information collected from the hardware sensors of the mobile devices of the citizens (i.e., ramps and steps), and detecting accessibility problems with software sensors in social networks (i.e., Twitter). The information system is validated through its application in a case study in the city of Vigo (Spain).

Reliability Estimates for IRT-Based Forced-Choice Assessment Scores

2021 ◽  
pp. 109442812199908
Author(s):  
Yin Lin
Keyword(s):  
Impression Management ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Forced Choice ◽  
Reliability Estimation ◽  
Estimation Methods ◽  
High Stakes ◽  
Personnel Decisions ◽  
Assessment Scores ◽  
Reliability Estimates ◽  
Different Types

Forced-choice (FC) assessments of noncognitive psychological constructs (e.g., personality, behavioral tendencies) are popular in high-stakes organizational testing scenarios (e.g., informing hiring decisions) due to their enhanced resistance against response distortions (e.g., faking good, impression management). The measurement precisions of FC assessment scores used to inform personnel decisions are of paramount importance in practice. Different types of reliability estimates are reported for FC assessment scores in current publications, while consensus on best practices appears to be lacking. In order to provide understanding and structure around the reporting of FC reliability, this study systematically examined different types of reliability estimation methods for Thurstonian IRT-based FC assessment scores: their theoretical differences were discussed, and their numerical differences were illustrated through a series of simulations and empirical studies. In doing so, this study provides a practical guide for appraising different reliability estimation methods for IRT-based FC assessment scores.

scholarly journals Quantifying the signals contained in heterogeneous neural responses and determining their relationships with task performance

2014 ◽  
Vol 112 (6) ◽  
pp. 1584-1598 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marino Pagan ◽  
Nicole C. Rust
Keyword(s):  
Task Performance ◽  
Single Neuron ◽  
Weighted Sums ◽  
Neural Responses ◽  
Signal Modulation ◽  
Neural Data ◽  
Match To Sample ◽  
Neural Populations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
High Level

The responses of high-level neurons tend to be mixtures of many different types of signals. While this diversity is thought to allow for flexible neural processing, it presents a challenge for understanding how neural responses relate to task performance and to neural computation. To address these challenges, we have developed a new method to parse the responses of individual neurons into weighted sums of intuitive signal components. Our method computes the weights by projecting a neuron's responses onto a predefined orthonormal basis. Once determined, these weights can be combined into measures of signal modulation; however, in their raw form these signal modulation measures are biased by noise. Here we introduce and evaluate two methods for correcting this bias, and we report that an analytically derived approach produces performance that is robust and superior to a bootstrap procedure. Using neural data recorded from inferotemporal cortex and perirhinal cortex as monkeys performed a delayed-match-to-sample target search task, we demonstrate how the method can be used to quantify the amounts of task-relevant signals in heterogeneous neural populations. We also demonstrate how these intuitive quantifications of signal modulation can be related to single-neuron measures of task performance ( d′).

scholarly journals Proses Komunikasi Interpersonal dalam Membangun Relasi Pasangan Beda Agama GN dan DN

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
Riko Aji Pratama
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Communication Theory ◽  
Research Process ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Social Penetration Theory ◽  
Building Relationships ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Interfaith Marriages ◽  
Intimate Relations ◽  
Administrative Obstacles

Abstract  Couples of different religions are prone to conflicts related to issues, especially regarding beliefs. In interfaith marriages, the inner bond that exists between a man and a woman but of different religions gives rise to state and religious administrative obstacles as well as other non-administrative obstacles. The purpose of this study was to determine the communication process in building relationships between interfaith couples. This study uses interpersonal communication theory and social penetration theory. This research using qualitative descriptive methods and interviews to collect data. The data obtained is the result of in-depth interviews with 2 sources who have become husband and wife of different religions. The research process from data reduction, data presentation, then analyzed to draw conclusions. The results of this study explain that through the process intimate relations. Interpersonal communication processes that are intertwined become a means to build better and harmonious relationships. The process is influenced by the memory of each partner. In building relationships through interpersonal communication there are factors that influence relationships, such as two-way communication, openness, comfort, trust, and supportiveness is a way of maintaining relationships  Keywords: Communication Process; Different religion; Interpersonal Communication; Interfaith Couples  Abstrak Penelitian ini membahas tentang proses komunikasi dalam membangun relasi pasangan beda agama. Pasangan beda agama rentan adanya konflik yang berhubungan dengan permasalahan khususnya menyangkut keyakinan. Dalam perkawinan beda agama, ikatan batin yang terjalin antara seorang pria dan wanita tetapi berbeda agama sehingga memunculkan kendala administratif negara dan agama serta kendala non administratif lainnya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui proses komunikasi dalam membangun relasi pasangan beda agama. Penelitian ini menggunakan teori komunikasi interpersonal, proses komunikasi dari pengenalan sampai dengan yang lebih intim pemetaan dari pengertian teori penetrasi sosial. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode deskriptif kualitatif dan wawancara  untuk mengumpulkan data. Data yang diperoleh merupakan hasil wawancara mendalam dengan 2 narasumber yang telah menjadi suami istri yang berbeda agama. Proses penelitian dari reduksi data, penyajian data, kemudian dianalisis untuk pengambilan kesimpulan. Hasil Penelitian ini menjelaskan bahwa melalui proses dari intim menuju ke lebih intim. Proses komunikasi interpersonal yang terjalin menjadi sarana untuk membangun relasi yang lebih baik dan harmonis. Proses komunikasi membangun relasi tidak semata-mata langsung dekat ada proses didalamnya. Proses tersebut dipengaruhi oleh memori dari masing-masing pasangan. Penelitian sebelumnya menjelaskan mengenai kecerdasan dalam berkomunikasi dalam perbedaan agama antar pegawai dalam suatu instansi untuk mengetahui strategi dalam berkomunikasi. Dalam membangun relasi melalui komunikasi interpersonal ada faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi relasi seperti komunikasi dua arah, keterbukaan, kenyamanan, sikap percaya, suportif dan mendukung adalah cara dalam pemeliharaan hubunganKata Kunci: Beda Agama; Komunikasi Interpersonal; Pasangan Suami Istri; Proses Komunikasi

scholarly journals Exploring how Brazilian immigrant mothers living in the USA obtain information about physical activity and screen time for their preschool-aged children: a qualitative study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e021844 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Cristina Lindsay ◽  
Carlos André Moura Arruda ◽  
Márcia Maria Tavares Machado ◽  
Gabriela Pereira De Andrade ◽  
Mary L Greaney
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Web Sites ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Preschool Age ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Immigrant Mothers ◽  
Preschool Age Children ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Preschool Aged Children

ObjectiveTo explore how Brazilian-born immigrant mothers living in the USA obtain information about physical activity (PA) and screen time (ST) behaviours for their preschool-aged children.Research designFocus group discussions (FGDs) were used to gain an in-depth understanding of research topics. All FGDs were audio-recorded and professionally transcribed verbatim. The Portuguese transcripts were analysed using thematic analysis, an iterative process of coding the data in phases to create meaningful patterns.ParticipantsThirty-seven Brazilian-born immigrant mothers of preschool-age children.SettingThis study was conducted in two cities in Massachusetts (MA). Participants were recruited from two predominantly Brazilian churches, local Brazilian businesses and community-based social and health services organisations in the Greater Boston area in MA.ResultsAnalyses revealed that the mothers participating in this study did not initially actively seek out information about PA and ST for their preschool-age children, but that they received unsolicited information about these behaviours from multiple sources including their child’s paediatrician, Women, Infant and Children (WIC) programme staff, members of their social network of Brazilian friends and the Brazilian media. Mothers reported that this unsolicited information increased their knowledge about the importance of making sure their children were physically active and not participating in excessive ST. This increased awareness led mothers to actively seek information about PA and ST behaviours via the internet and through interpersonal communication with fellow Brazilian friends and family.ConclusionsGiven the value Brazilian immigrant mothers placed on the advice of their paediatricians and WIC staff, interventions should consider involving these healthcare professionals, possibly through including endorsement (eg, prescription for PA and maximum ST). More research is needed to ensure Brazilian immigrant mothers’ health and media literacy including their ability to navigate the online environment and to discern the accuracy and quality of information from various web sites.

Unraveling What’s on Our Minds

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claire M. Zedelius ◽  
Jonathan W. Schooler
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Task Performance ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Positive Mood ◽  
Mind Wandering ◽  
Different Types ◽  
And Behavior

Mind-wandering encompasses a variety of different types of thought, involving various different experiential qualities, emotions, and cognitive processes. Much is lost by simply lumping them together, as is typically done in the literature. The goal of this chapter is to explore the nuances that distinguish different types of mind-wandering. The chapter draws on research on mind-wandering as well as other literatures to gain a better understanding of how these different types of mind-wandering affect cognition and behavior. It specifically discusses the distinct effects of different types of mind-wandering on task performance, working memory, mood, and creativity. Finally, the chapter discusses the idea of deliberate engagement in particular types of mind-wandering as a way to achieve desirable outcomes, such as maintaining a positive mood, enhancing creativity, or aiding decision-making.

Developing an Intergroup Communication Intervention Curriculum

2020 ◽  
pp. 148-176
Author(s):  
Kate Magsamen-Conrad ◽  
Jeanette M. Dillon ◽  
Lisa K. Hanasono ◽  
Paul Anthony Valdez
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Community Setting ◽  
Community Based Participatory Research ◽  
Communication Intervention ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diverse Workforce ◽  
Intergroup Communication ◽  
Civic Attitudes ◽  
Communication Processes ◽  
Workforce Skills

This chapter describes a community-based participatory research project that embraces opportunities to augment the skills necessary to excel in an increasingly diverse workforce, especially in terms of proficiency in communication, social interaction, and technology. The Intergroup Communication Intervention (ICI) provides needed technology skills training to older adults in a community setting to improve intergroup relationships, foster positive civic attitudes and skills, and reduce ageist attitudes of younger adults. Participants build workforce skills necessary for future success as the project advances group and interpersonal communication skills across generations using technology pedagogy to bridge the divide. The ICI approach is systematic and grounded in theory. Analyses across the project's last three years demonstrate how communication processes ignite the powerful bonding that can occur over technology. This chapter encourages future research with similar goals of using longitudinal, communication studies to enhance community, competencies, and the future workforce.

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