Synthesis and characterization of chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for application as edible coating

2021 ◽  
pp. 108201322110577
Author(s):  
Camily Aparecida Reis ◽  
Mário Guimarães Júnior ◽  
Francys Kley Vieira Moreira ◽  
José Manoel Marconcini ◽  
Lívia Elisabeth Vasconcellos de Siqueira Brandão Vaz
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Chitosan Film ◽  
Edible Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Selective Permeability ◽  
Permeability Rate ◽  
Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Edible coating can improve fruits shelf life and, consequently, reduce their waste. Chitosan, which presents a potential for chemical modifications and capacity to form films, can be an alternative for coating due to its biocompatibility, biodegradability, and antimicrobial properties. Chitosan film can be obtained through casting method presenting suitable mechanical properties, such as resistance to traction and elongation, ability to adhere to surfaces and selective permeability to gases, such as O2 and CO2. However, it is highly permeable to water vapor, which can limit its potential coating use. The properties of chitosan films can be improved through the formation of composites by inserting nanoclays as montmorillonite in the polymeric matrix. The objective of this study was to develop and characterize chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites for fruit coating aiming for future applications in the field of smart packaging. Nanocomposites were characterized by its microstructure, thermal, mechanical, and physicochemical properties. X-ray diffraction analysis indicated changes in crystallinity with the insertion of montmorillonite. Nanocomposites became more transparent and significantly reduced its water permeability rate with 0.5% w/w montmorillonite addition. Elastic rigidity and tensile strength of the films were improved. Chitosan/montmorillonite nanocomposites demonstrated the potential to improve the storage time of Williams pears.

scholarly journals Conditions to Prolonged Release of Microencapsulated Carvacrol on Alginate Films as Affected by Emulsifier Type and PH

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvia Matiacevich ◽  
Natalia Riquelme ◽  
María Lidia Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Storage Time ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Edible Film ◽  
Initial Time ◽  
Tween 20 ◽  
Prolonged Release ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fresh Foods

Alginate from algal biomass is used as edible film and the incorporation of antimicrobial agents improves its performance to increase the shelf-life of fresh foods. However, environmental conditions and intrinsic properties of films influence their release. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of the concentration and type of encapsulating agent and pH of emulsions on the physical and antimicrobial properties of alginate-carvacrol films. Films containing alginate, carvacrol as antimicrobial agent, and Tween 20 or trehalose (0.25 and 0.75% w/w) as encapsulating agents were obtained from suspensions at pH 4 and pH 8. Physical characterization of emulsions and films and antimicrobial properties (E. coliandB. cinerea) was evaluated. Results showed that droplets size depended on trehalose concentration, but emulsion stability depended on pH and type of encapsulating agent, being more stable samples with trehalose at pH 4. Although films with Tween 20 presented the highest opacity, they showed the best antimicrobial properties at initial time; however, during storage time, they lost their activity before samples with trehalose and relative humidity (RH) was the principal factor to influence their release. Therefore, sample formulated with 0.25% trehalose at pH 4 and stored at 75% RH had the best potential as edible film for fresh fruits.

Development and Characterization of Chitosan Membranes as a System for Controlled Release of Piperine

2016 ◽  
Vol 869 ◽  
pp. 864-868
Author(s):  
Imarally Vitor de Souza Ribeiro Nascimento ◽  
Mairly Karolyne da Silva Souza ◽  
Willams Teles Barbosa ◽  
Thiago Bizerra Fideles ◽  
Thais Maria Alves Marinho ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Release ◽  
Drug Carriers ◽  
Solvent Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Pharmacological Activities ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Natural Alkaloid ◽  
Chitosan Membranes

Among the variety of polymers used as drug carriers, chitosan has received attention in the fields of medicine and pharmacy by being a nontoxic, biocompatible and biodegradable copolymer. Piperine is a natural alkaloid, has various pharmacological activities such as anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antipyretic, hepatoprotective and antitumor when combined with chitosan has better bioavailability and more effectiveness. This work aims to prepare and characterize chitosan / piperine membranes obtained by the solvent casting method. The membranes were characterized by Spectroscopy Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (DRX) and Scanning Electron Microscopy (MEV). From the results obtained it can be concluded that the process described was effective in obtaining the system chitosan/piperine indicating its potential for studies of controlled release of drug.

Synthesis and Characterization of Polyvinyl Alcohol/Zinc Hydroxide Composite

2016 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 307-311
Author(s):  
Umma Habiba ◽  
Amalina Muhammad Afifi ◽  
Bee Chin Ang
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Polyvinyl Alcohol ◽  
Electron Spectroscopy ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Zinc Hydroxide ◽  
Film Casting ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
X Ray

In this study, Polyvinyl Alcohol /Zinc Hidroxide composite was synthesised via film casting method. Fourier transform infrared and X-Ray diffraction was undertaken to analyze the interaction between polyvinyl alcohol and zinc hydroxide.Morphology of the resulting PVA/Zn(OH)2 composite structure was observed by Field Emission Scannig Electron Spectroscopy. FTIR and XRD results showed interaction between PVA and zinc hydroxide. These interaction are responsible for change in the thermal behavior of the composite.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Linked by Methylene Bridge and Schiff Base of 4,4-Diaminodiphenyl Ether-Vanillin

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmad Fatoni ◽  
Poedji Loekitowati Hariani ◽  
Hermansyah Hermansyah ◽  
Aldes Lesbani
Keyword(s):  
Schiff Base ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Sem Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Casting Method ◽  
Azomethine Group ◽  
Methylene Bridge ◽  
Modified Chitosan ◽  
Before And After

The synthesis chitosan-methylene bridge-Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin using casting method has been done. The aims of this research were modification chitosan with Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin, formaldehyde and its characterization using FTIR spectroscopy, SEM analysis, 1H-NMR and X-Ray Diffraction analysis. The first step was a synthesis of modified chitosan between chitosan and Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin. The second step was chitosan modified Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin then reacted with formaldehyde through casting method. The result showed that chitosan can be modified with Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin and formaldehyde and this modified chitosan can be linked by methylene bridge (-NH-CH2-NH-) and had azomethine group (-C=N-). The functional group of –C=N in modified chitosan before and after adding formaldehyde appeared at a constant wavenumber of 1597 cm-1. The functional group C-N in methylene bridge detected at 1388 and 1496 cm-1. The chitosan-Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin and Chitosan-methylene bridge-Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenyl ether-vanillin had index crystalline (%)16.04 and 25.76, respectively. The chemical sift of signal proton azomethine group (-C=N-) in modified chitosan detected at 8.44–8.48 and 9.77 ppm. Proton from methylene bridge in modified chitosan appeared at 4.97–4.99 and 3.75 ppm. Surface morphology chitosan-methylene bridge-Schiff base of 4,4-diaminodiphenylether-vanillin had dense surfaces, mostly uniform and regular in shape.

Preparation and Characterization of Chitosan/Hdroxy-Aluminium Pillared Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

2007 ◽  
Vol 334-335 ◽  
pp. 825-828 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Tan ◽  
Yi He Zhang ◽  
Yau Shan Szeto ◽  
Li Bing Liao
Keyword(s):  
Metal Ions ◽  
Chitosan Solution ◽  
Exchange Capacity ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonite ◽  
Pillared Montmorillonites ◽  
Cationic Exchange ◽  
Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

It was shown that chitosan and hydroxy-aluminum pillared montmorillonites were excellent materials for the removal of dyes and metal ions from effluent of dying and finishing. Chitosan/ hydroxy-aluminum pillared montmorillonite nanocomposites are expected to play a multiplex role in the treating process. In this study, the nanocomposite was prepared by incorporating hydroxy-aluminum pillared montmorillonite into chitosan solution that diluted acetic acid was used as solvent for dissolving the chitosan. The ratio of chitosan to the cationic exchange capacity of the montmorillonite was about 1:1, 2:1, 3:1, 4:1 and 6:1, respectively. The nanocomposites were characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy). The experimental results indicated that the presence of hydroxy-aluminum cation was in favor of the chitosan intercalation and the interlayers of MMT was intercalated with the bilayers of chitosan sheets. and they can be used in absorption of organic and metal ions for dying and finishing effluent.

Characterization of TiO2 Coating Deposited on Ceramic Substrate

2017 ◽  
Vol 264 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Muharniza Azinita Musa ◽  
Jariah Mohamad Juoi ◽  
Zulkifli Mohd Rosli ◽  
Nur Dalilah Johari
Keyword(s):  
High Surface ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Dip Coating ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ceramic Tiles ◽  
Ceramic Substrates ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Glancing Angle

The deposition of titanium dioxide, TiO2, films on ceramic tiles was studied in order to take benefit of its antimicrobial properties for suitable application in related fields. In this paper, the characteristics of TiO2 coating deposited on unglazed ceramic substrates with high surface roughness were investigated. TiO2 films were deposited several times via dip coating sol-gel technique and heat treated at 500oC for 1 hour. The coating morphologies and thickness were analyzed using Scanning electron microscope (SEM), while the crystalline phases were characterized using Glancing angle X-ray Diffraction (GAXRD). Results show that it produces coating with homogeneous morphology, thicker film and with the presence of anatase and rutile phases. It was also observed that one dipping time is sufficient to produce a continuous coating with thickness of ~ 12 μm on average.

The Improvement of Antimicrobial Activity of Kanamycin and Ciprofloxacin Antibiotics Coupled With Biocompatible Magnetite Nanoparticles and Characterization of Their Structure

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulviyya Alimammad Hasanova ◽  
Mahammadali Ahmad Ramazanov ◽  
Abel Mammadali Maharramov ◽  
Sarvinaz Faiq Hajiyeva ◽  
Yana Vacheslav Parfyonova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Magnetite Nanoparticles ◽  
Uv Spectroscopy ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
One Pot ◽  
Spherical Form ◽  
Absorbance Spectroscopy ◽  
Self Assembling

In this paper, we present the synthesis of nanostructures of magnetite nanoparticles (NPs) with ciprofloxacin and kanamycin antibiotics, based on self-assembling principle. The nanostructures were prepared in crystallite size, ranging 8–16 nm, in one pot addition setup and further washing steps, using only iron precursors and above-mentioned antibiotics as stabilizers. Nanostructures were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis methods, Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy methods. It was found that they have well-shaped spherical form and are homogeneous in size. The quantitative analysis of nanostructured antibiotics was performed by atom absorbance spectroscopy (AAS) as well as on the basis of Lambert–Beer law. Prepared nanostructures were tested on Staphylococcus aureus and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Obtained results demonstrated that these nanostructures are able to improve antimicrobial properties and decrease the minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of pristine kanamycin and ciprofloxacin antibiotics.

Preparation and Characterization of Poly(vinyl Butyral)-Polyaniline-Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 18-19 ◽  
pp. 291-297
Author(s):  
Priscila Anadão ◽  
Francisco Rolando Valenzuela-Díaz ◽  
Hélio Wiebeck
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sodium Montmorillonite ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Final Configuration ◽  
Electrical Conductivities ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Vinyl Butyral ◽  
Montmorillonite Nanocomposites

Poly(vinyl butyral)-polyaniline-sodium montmorillonite nanocomposites were prepared via polymerization of aniline between clay mineral platelets at two different pH levels (2.0 and 5.0), followed by dispersion of the polyaniline-sodium montmorillonite nanocomposite in a poly(vinyl butyral) solution. A comparison was made of the effect of the pH levels and the polyaniline-sodium montmorillonite nanocomposite precursor on the final structures of the poly(vinyl butyral) nanocomposites and their electrical conductivities. X-ray diffraction patterns revealed the formation of nanocomposites at both pH levels. UV-Vis spectra indicated that the polyaniline formed at both pH levels was conductive, with the UV-Vis spectra presenting a band at 420 nm corresponding to the polaronic form and the beginning of a new band at 600 nm indicating the presence of polaronic segments. FTIR spectra revealed the peaks of the groups present in polyaniline and poly(vinyl butyral) nanocomposites. The electrical conductivities of the polyaniline and poly(vinyl butyral) nanocomposites prepared at pH 2.0 were lower than those of the same nanocomposites prepared at pH 5.0, probably due to the lower formation of polyaniline chains in a more acidic dispersion and to the final configuration of polyaniline in the nanocomposites.

The Use of Advanced Analytical Techniques for Characterization of the Chemical, Physical, and Crystallographic Nature of a Surface

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 132-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. E. Herfert
Keyword(s):  
Surface Characterization ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Depth Of Penetration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Past ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Electron

Studies of the nature of a surface, either metallic or nonmetallic, in the past, have been limited to the instrumentation available for these measurements. In the past, optical microscopy, replica transmission electron microscopy, electron or X-ray diffraction and optical or X-ray spectroscopy have provided the means of surface characterization. Actually, some of these techniques are not purely surface; the depth of penetration may be a few thousands of an inch. Within the last five years, instrumentation has been made available which now makes it practical for use to study the outer few 100A of layers and characterize it completely from a chemical, physical, and crystallographic standpoint. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) provides a means of viewing the surface of a material in situ to magnifications as high as 250,000X.

High Resolution Replication of Organoclay Surfaces

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 576-577
Author(s):  
W. W. Barker ◽  
W. E. Rigsby ◽  
V. J. Hurst ◽  
W. J. Humphreys
Keyword(s):  
Clay Mineral ◽  
Organic Molecule ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
Silicate Layers ◽  
Mineral Identification

Experimental clay mineral-organic molecule complexes long have been known and some of them have been extensively studied by X-ray diffraction methods. The organic molecules are adsorbed onto the surfaces of the clay minerals, or intercalated between the silicate layers. Natural organo-clays also are widely recognized but generally have not been well characterized. Widely used techniques for clay mineral identification involve treatment of the sample with H2 O2 or other oxidant to destroy any associated organics. This generally simplifies and intensifies the XRD pattern of the clay residue, but helps little with the characterization of the original organoclay. Adequate techniques for the direct observation of synthetic and naturally occurring organoclays are yet to be developed.

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