Efecto del almacenamiento en atmósferas bajas en oxígeno sobre la calidad e incidencia de escaldado superficial en manzanas Topred / Effect of low-oxygen atmospheres on quality and superficial scald of Topred apples

In a 2-year study, Topred (TR) apples harvested from the area of Lleida (NE Spain) were treated with 3 rates (0, 1000 and 2000 ppm) of diphenylamine (DPA) and held in 3 different experimental storage conditions: standard controlled atmosphere (CA) with 3% O2 and 3% CO2; low oxygen (LO) atmosphere with 2% O2 and 2% CO2; ultra-low oxygen (ULO) atmosphere with 1% O2 and 1% CO2. All samples were maintained at 1 °C and 93-94% relative humidity. The incidence of super ficial scald and quality parameters were assessed in February, April and June, after storage plus 1 and 7 days at 20 °C, in samples from each treatment (anti-scald rate and storage atmosphere). Storage in ULO was effective in extending the storage life of the fruit. Firmness retention was better in these fruits than in fruits held in CA and LO storage; generally, after a 7-day post-storage holding period at 20 °C, the differences were maintained. The soluble solids content and titratable acidity were similar for all treatments. These changes were similar for the 2 years studied. Over one season (1993-94) the ULO atmosphere provided the best control of superficial scald in TR apples, although a low concentration of anti-scald was necessary in some cases. During the 7-day post-storage holding period the fruit of all treatments showed an increased incidence of scald, but fruit from the ULO treatment could be considered acceptable for market distribution. Susceptibility of fruit to scald exhib ited seasonal variation; in the 1994-95 season, DPA treatment was necessary to control scald in ULO apples. No appreciable increase in low O2 injury was found in this cultivar held in 1 or 2% O2.

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Quality and Aroma Production of Doyenne du Comice Pears in Relation to Harvest Date and Storage Atmosphere

Food Science and Technology International ◽

10.1106/flwj-18cn-8tr9-480g ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 7 (6) ◽

pp. 493-500 ◽

Cited By ~ 17

Author(s):

M. L. López ◽

R. Miró ◽

J. Graell

Keyword(s):

Titratable Acidity ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Fruit Firmness ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

High Co2 ◽

Low Co2 ◽

Storage Atmosphere ◽

Aroma Production ◽

Solids Content ◽

And Storage

The effect of harvest date and storage atmosphere on quality and volatiles was investigated in Doyenne du Comice pears grown in the region of Lleida (NE Spain). Fruits were harvested at 2 dates (119 and 126 days after full bloom) and stored in regular air (RA) atmosphere (21% O2: 0.03% CO2) and in low oxygen (LO) atmospheres with two carbon dioxide concentrations: low CO2 (2% O2: 0.7% CO2) and high CO2 (2% O2: 5% CO2); the storage periods were 3, 5 and 7 months. After storage plus a shelf-life period (1 and 4 days at 20 C), flesh firmness, soluble solids content, titratable acidity and skin colour (parameter a* + b*) in the fruits were determined. Furthermore, volatiles production (ethylene and aroma) was determined at 4 days after storage. After 5 months, pears from regular air storage showed poorer quality than fruits held under low oxygen atmospheres. At 3 and 5 months of storage plus 1 and 4 days at 20 C fruit firmness was higher in LO when compared with RA-stored fruit, in both early- and late-harvested fruits. For long-term (7 months) storage high CO2 atmospheres permitted a good retention of fruit firmness and skin colour, but fruits stored in low CO2 achieved a quality more suitable for consumer acceptance (at the end of the shelf life period at 20 C). Differences between LO atmospheres were frequently not significant for soluble solids content and titratable acidity. The highest aroma production was obtained after 3 months of RA storage for early-harvested pears and after 7 months of LO-low CO2 storage for lateharvested fruits. Otherwise, LO-high CO2 had a depressing effect on total aromatic volatile production. Storage conditions and the period of ripening at 20 C influenced the occurrence of individual esters and alcohols.

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Effects of treated agro-industrial wastewater irrigation on tomato processing quality

Italian Journal of Agronomy ◽

10.4081/ija.2015.632 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 97 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Giuseppe Gatta ◽

Angela Libutti ◽

Anna Gagliardi ◽

Grazia Disciglio ◽

Luciano Beneduce ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Tomato Fruit ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Tomato Production ◽

Tomato Processing ◽

Solids Content

This study was designed to determine the qualitative and microbiological impact of two different sources of irrigation water on tomato fruit: groundwater (GW), as the control, and treated agro-industrial wastewater (SW). The mean tomato fruit quality parameters of dry matter, weight, diameter, colour index, pH, soluble solids content, titratable acidity, Ca2+ and Na+ content were not significantly affected by the different water treatments. Conversely, NO3 – contents was significantly higher with GW use, than with SW (2.21 vs 1.62 mg 100 g–1, respectively; P≤0.05). The microbial quality of the tomato fruit was not significantly different across the GW and SW treatments, with no Salmonella spp. isolated from any of the fruit, and the faecal indicators always below 10 CFU g–1. These data show that agro-industrial treated wastewater can be used for irrigation for industrial tomato production once the long-term effects on the agroecosystem have been defined.

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The Effects of Preharvest 1-Methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) Treatment on the Fruit Quality Parameters of Cold-Stored ‘Szampion’ Cultivar Apples

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10030080 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 80 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Kazimierz Tomala ◽

Marek Grzęda ◽

Dominika Guzek ◽

Dominika Głąbska ◽

Krystyna Gutkowska

Keyword(s):

Fruit Quality ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Control Group ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Climacteric Fruit ◽

Ethylene Content ◽

Postharvest Treatment ◽

And Control

Postharvest treatment by 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) for ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples inhibits ripening of climacteric fruit by blocking ethylene receptors, preventing ethylene from binding and eliciting its action. It is also possible to apply 1-MCP preharvest, which so far has not been studied for the ‘Szampion’ cultivar. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of preharvest 1-MCP treatment on the fruit quality parameters of cold-stored ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples in a Polish experiment. Two identical groups of apple trees (6 years, experimental orchard in Warsaw) were included, to obtain studied apples (preharvest 1-MCP treatment with HarvistaTM, 150 g/ha, 7 days before the optimum harvesting window, OHW) and control apples (1-MCP not applied). Apples for the studied group were harvested twice—on 28 September (OHW) and 24 October (delayed harvesting)—and for control group once—on 28 September, as before 24 October the majority of apples fell from trees. Afterwards, apples were stored in an Ultra Low Oxygen chamber (1.2% CO2, 1.2% O2). Apples were assessed in the preharvest period (weekly, six measurements for the studied group, and five measurements for the control group) and postharvest period (monthly, three measurements separately for each harvest time for the studied group and control group). The following parameters were assessed: internal ethylene content (IEC), firmness, total soluble solids (TSS) content, starch index, Streif index, titratable acidity (TA), and color for blush. For the preharvest period, statistically significant differences between the studied group and the control group were observed for IEC, the a* coordinate of color (p < 0.05; for apples treated with 1-MCP lower results), firmness, Streif index, TA (p < 0.05; higher results), and starch index (p < 0.05; no defined trend). For the postharvest period, statistically significant differences between the studied group and the control group were observed for apples harvested in the OHW for firmness (p < 0.05; for apples treated with 1-MCP higher results) and IEC (p < 0.05; no defined trend), while for delayed harvesting the differences were only minor. It may be concluded, that preharvest 1-MCP application makes it possible not only to obtain better results for ‘Szampion’ cultivar apples’ quality parameters, but also allows delayed harvesting without deterioration in quality.

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Shelf-life of ‘Golden Reinders’ Apples after Ultra Low Oxygen Storage: Effect on Aroma Volatile Compounds, Standard Quality Parameters, Sensory Attributes and Acceptability

Food Science and Technology International ◽

10.1177/1082013209350351 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 15 (5) ◽

pp. 481-493 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

R. Altisent ◽

G. Echeverría ◽

I. Lara ◽

M.L. López ◽

J. Graell

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Volatile Compounds ◽

Principal Component ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Sensory Attributes ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Oxygen Storage ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Maturity Stages

The aim of this work was to estimate shelf-life potential and understand quality characteristics of ‘Golden Reinders’ apples during ripening after storage under ultra low oxygen (ULO) atmosphere. Fruits, corresponding to two different maturity stages (147 and 155 dafb), were kept at 1 °C in ULO atmosphere (1 kPa O2: 1 kPa CO2) for seven months and subsequently kept at 1 °C in regular air for up to 28 days. Sub-batches were removed weekly and transferred to 20 °C, so that the shelf-life periods at room temperature were 28, 21, 14, 7, and 0 days. Fruit from both maturity stages showed firmness and soluble solids content (SSC) values above the minimum commercial requirements for this variety throughout the post-storage ripening period. However, only earlier harvested fruit maintained high levels of titratable acidity (TA). Production of aroma volatile compounds was low for shorter ripening periods, though it increased progressively as ripeness advanced. Principal component analysis showed the variables that positively influenced acceptability were: octyl acetate, hexyl octanoate, butyl propanoate, propyl pentanoate, and 6-methyl-5-hepten-2-one as aroma volatile compounds; SSC, TA, firmness, and epidermis colour (Hue) as physicochemical parameters; and sourness and sensory firmness as sensory attributes. From a general overview, the optimum shelf-life period for ‘Golden Reinders’ apples would be between 7 and 14 days for both maturity stages.

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Nondestructive Quality Screening of Green Tomatoes Using Ethylene Gas

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.31.4.641b ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 31 (4) ◽

pp. 641b-641

Author(s):

F. Maul ◽

S.A. Sargent

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Short Exposure ◽

Internal Quality ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Nondestructive Technique ◽

Total Sugars ◽

Solids Content

The effects of prolonged ethylene exposure on external and internal quality parameters of tomato fruits were studied in order to explore the feasibility of its use as a nondestructive technique for screening immature and inferior quality fruit. `Agriset' and `CPT-5' tomatoes were hand harvested at Stage 1 (green) and held at 20°C and 50 ppm ethylene for 1-7 days. Each 24 hours, fruits reaching Stage 2 (breaker) were removed from C2H4 and transferred to 20°C air for subsequent ripening. Tomatoes were considered at edible maturity upon reaching full red-ripe stage and 4 mm deformation and final quality parameters were determined. For both cultivars, fruits which required prolonged C2H4 exposure to reach Stage 2 had lower overall visual appearance. `Agriset' tomatoes which required short exposure times to C2H4 (1 to 3 days) had somewhat higher quality than those requiring prolonged times (4 or 5 days). Days to reach edible maturity were 9.5 and 7.7, respectively. For the short exposure times, peel color was more intense (higher chroma value), while soluble solids content and total sugars were significantly higher (P = 0.05). Quality of `CPT-5' tomatoes was not adversely affected until requiring 6 or 7 days exposure to C2H4. Days to reach edible maturity decreased from an average of 12.5 to 11.0 for 1 to 5 or for 6 to 7 days exposure, respectively. For fruits requiring 7 days exposure, soluble solids content, total sugars and pH were significantly higher than for those reaching Stage 2 in fewer days. There were no significant differences in titratable acidity or ascorbic acid content for either cultivar.

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THE EFFECTS OF TEMPERATURE, OXYGEN AND CARBON DIOXIDE ON TIE STORAGE QUALITY OF `YORK IMPERIAL' APPLES

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.28.4.259d ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 259D-259

Author(s):

George M. Greene ◽

Cynthia L. Barden ◽

Laura Lehman-Salada

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Weight Loss ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Low Oxygen ◽

Harvest Dates ◽

Carbon Dioxide Concentrations ◽

Set Up ◽

Lower Temperature

York Imperial is an important processing apple cultivar in the mid-Atlantic region and is often stored for up to eleven months. This experiment was designed to further examine the optimum CA storage conditions for this cultivar. Six orchards were used as statistical blocks. The factorial experiment was set up with 2 temperatures (0 and 2C), 2 oxygen (1 and 2%) and 3 carbon dioxide concentrations (2,3.5 and 5%). Sample size was 20 fruit at all analysis periods (at harvest, 4, 6, and 8 months). The apples were stored in a recirculating CA research facility and evaluated for firmness, soluble solids and weight loss. In the overall statistical analysis, orchard blocks, harvest dates and storage times significantly influenced all 3 quality parameters. Differences between blocks at harvest were substantial with firmness ranging from 9.5 to 11.3 kg and the soluble solids ranging from 12.8 to 14.8%. At the third storage removal (8 months), low oxygen increased firmness and decreased weight loss during storage while at the lower temperature, apples were firmer, had higher soluble solids and less weight loss than at the higher temperature. Although statistically significant, the differences may not be commercially important Block differences were generally maintained throughout storage.

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STORAGE QUALITY OF McINTOSH APPLES AS AFFECTED BY REMOVAL OF ETHYLENE FROM THE STORAGE ATMOSPHERE

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps69-098 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 49 (5) ◽

pp. 567-572 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

F. R. Forsyth ◽

C. A. Eaves ◽

H. J. Lightfoot

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Storage Condition ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Storage Quality ◽

Storage Atmosphere ◽

Solids Content

Preclimacteric McIntosh apples were maintained under low (average 6 ppm) C2H4 and high (average 1,570 ppm) C2H4 levels for 189 days at 3.3 °C. Subsequent analysis of the fruit revealed that the low C2H4 storage condition had maintained approximately 0.9 kg (2 lb.) greater firmness in the fruit than had the high C2H4 condition. This extra firmness persisted for more than a week at room temperature. Acidity levels and soluble solids content were increased slightly by the low C2H4 treatment. Low C2H4 treatment caused both a lower internal C2H4 content of the fruit and a lower level of C2H4 emission by the whole fruit than did storage in high levels of C2H4. The low C2H4 storage conditions reduced the incidence of core browning.

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Postharvest properties of sweet cherry fruit depending on rootstock and storage conditions

Folia Horticulturae ◽

10.1515/fhort-2017-0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 113-121 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ewa Dziedzic ◽

Jan Błaszczyk ◽

Elżbieta Kaczmarczyk

Keyword(s):

Sweet Cherry ◽

Storage Temperature ◽

Storage Period ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Soluble Solids Content ◽

Fruit Storage ◽

Solids Content ◽

And Storage

ABSTRACT‘Regina’ sweet cherry fruit (Prunus avium L.) harvested from trees grown on vigorous and semi-dwarfing rootstocks was stored in normal atmosphere (NA) at 8°C and 2°C, and in a controlled atmosphere (CA) 3% O2 + 5% CO2at 2°C for two weeks. At harvest time, the fruits differed in the measured quality parameters (firmness, soluble solids content - SSC, titratable acidity - TA) depending on the rootstock. The storage conditions and the rootstocks significantly influenced the fruit quality parameters after storage. Generally, reduced fruit firmness and TA, and higher SSC and SSC/TA ratio were observed at the end of the storage period. Among the rootstocks, the lowest soluble solids content was found in the fruit from trees on the vigorous F12/1 rootstock. The lower storage temperature decreased the SSC independently of the storage atmosphere composition. Firmer fruit was found in CA 2°C compared with the other two treatments. The greatest loss of weight was found after fruit storage in NA 8°C. The extent of fruit decay depended on the season, storage conditions and the rootstock. Storage in NA 8°C of the fruit grown on F12/1 rootstock resulted in the highest percentage of fungal decay. The best retention of the green colour of the peduncle was noted in CA 2°C. The findings on how the rootstocks affect sweet cherry fruit properties can be useful for sweet cherry breeding programmes, as well as for sweet cherry crop production and storage technologies.

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Quality Parameters of Kiwiberries Grown in the Czech Republic

Acta Horticulturae et Regiotecturae ◽

10.2478/ahr-2020-0005 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 23 (1) ◽

pp. 17-20

Author(s):

Miroslav Horák

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Climatic Zones ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Actinidia Arguta ◽

Solids Content ◽

Ascorbic Acids

AbstractThe present study evaluated the quality of kiwiberries produced in the territory of the Czech Republic in 2018 and 2019. Actinidia arguta is a very hardy and flexible species which can produce fully ripe fruits even in the setting of moderate climatic zones unlike commercially available A. chinensis as a variety which needs a longer season with higher temperatures to become fully ripe. Once harvested, the fruit was studied for soluble solids content, titratable acidity, antioxidant activity and the content of malic, citric and ascorbic acids. Unlike commercially available kiwifruits, kiwiberries lack hair and can be consumed unpeeled. The results of the present study confirmed the notable potential of kiwiberries consisting namely in the levels of antioxidants present in the skin of the fruit. Kiwiberry fruits feature a higher level of acidity than is common in conventional commercial varieties of A. chinensis as citric acid is the type of acid prevailing in the fruit at all times.

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The Influence of Variety and Storage Conditions with C.A. on Quality Indicators at Three Varieties of Quince (Cydonia Oblonga)

“Agriculture for Life Life for Agriculture” Conference Proceedings ◽

10.2478/alife-2018-0039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

pp. 260-267

Author(s):

Ioana Bezdadea-Catuneanu ◽

Liliana Badulescu ◽

Andreea Stan ◽

Dorel Hoza

Keyword(s):

Storage Period ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Storage Conditions ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Matter Content ◽

Soluble Solids ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Cydonia Oblonga ◽

Rosaceae Family ◽

And Storage

Abstract The aims of this work were to determine which storage conditions can preserve the quince quality (Cydonia oblonga Miller, Rosaceae family), stored in three different rooms with controlled atmosphere (CA). Due to their reported high polyphenolic content in the fruit, three varieties of quinces, like Ekmek, Bereczhi and Tinella were stored and monitored for twelve months. During storage period, the following quality parameters were monitored: dry matter content (D.M.%), titratable acidity (TA), soluble solids (°Brix), firmness, antioxidant capacity and also content in total flavonoids and total polyphenols. After twelve months of storage, observations showed that quince from Tinella variety presented better quality parameters compared to quinces from Ekmek and Bereczhi varieties. As expected, keeping quinces in the presence of CO2content, respectively 2% and 5%, presented better physical and biochemical quality compared with those stored without CO2 (control).

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