Early Detection of Skin Cancer by Family Physicians: A Pilot Project

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 103-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian C. de Gannes ◽  
Janet L. Ip ◽  
Magdalena Martinka ◽  
Richard I. Crawford ◽  
Jason K. Rivers
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Family Physicians ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Video Intervention ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Incidence And Mortality

Background: Malignant melanoma is rising quickly in incidence and mortality rates. Family physicians (FPs) have been reported to lack confidence in diagnosing skin cancers. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether an educational intervention can improve FPs' abilities to diagnose skin cancers. Methods: The design was a prospective, randomized trial which included a skin cancer questionnaire, a video intervention, and a skin biopsy review. Results: Pre-intervention, FPs answered 57% of the questions correctly on the skin cancer questionnaire. Post-intervention, the video intervention group scored higher than did the control group. The video intervention group removed 10% fewer benign lesions and almost 3 times more malignant lesions compared with their pre-intervention biopsy rate. No findings were statistically significant. Conclusion: An educational intervention may improve FPs' knowledge and diagnosis of skin cancer. Our results may guide future studies with larger sample sizes in developing a skin cancer continuing medical education (CME) course for FPs.

scholarly journals A pilot project to assess community pharmacists' knowledge and caring behaviors for recurrent headache sufferers after a migraine-focused educational intervention

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly A. Murray ◽  
Monica L. Skomo ◽  
Sandra M. Carter
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
Pilot Project ◽  
Current Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Original Research ◽  
Community Pharmacies ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Before And After

Objectives: (1) Compare pharmacists' self-assessed knowledge of migraine before and after an educational intervention; (2) Compare pharmacists' self-reported care behaviors following an educational intervention with a control group of pharmacists; (3) Identify interactions between the educational intervention results and individual independent variables. Design: Quasi-experimental, parallel design. Setting: Twenty community pharmacies in northeastern Oklahoma from March to May 2010. Participants: 49 pharmacists at one of twenty community pharmacies, with active and in-good-standing Oklahoma pharmacy licenses. Intervention: Two-hour educational session on migraine identification and current treatment. Main outcome measures: Compare pharmacists' self-assessed knowledge of migraine before and after an educational intervention and compare self-reported care behaviors of these same pharmacists with a control group of pharmacists. Results: Pharmacists' self-assessed knowledge mean scores were significantly higher post-intervention compared to pre-intervention (p<0.0001). Self-assessed knowledge was higher in the intervention group post-questionnaire scores compared to the control group of pharmacists (p=0.004). Intervention group pharmacists were more confident in their ability to maintain knowledge of migraine (p=0.04). No difference was seen regarding difficulty in providing care for a migraineur (p=0.16) or in how the pharmacists perceived employer culture (p=0.79). No significant interactions were found between the educational intervention and demographic variables collected. Conclusion: Attending an educational program on migraine improved pharmacists' knowledge and confidence when providing care to migraineurs.   Type: Original Research

Effectiveness of an Educational Intervention to Participation in Physical Activity: A quasi-experimental model-based study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saeideh Shahsavari ◽  
Sakineh dadipoor ◽  
Mohtasham Ghaffari ◽  
Ali Safari-Moradabadi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Stages Of Change ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Abstract Background: The aim of the present study was to assess readiness to become or stay physically active according to the Stages of Change Model.Methods: The present quasi-experimental study was conducted on 100 women working in the healthcare centres of Bandar Abbas, Iran. The sampling method is clustering in type. The subjects were assigned into two groups of intervention and control. The collected data were analysed by SPSS-16 software using descriptive and inferential statistics, including independent-sample t-test, paired-sample t-test and Chi-square test.Results: Before the educational intervention, 19 subjects (0.38%) from the intervention group showed to have regular physical activity (4-5 stages). This number changed to 29 (0.58%) and 25 (0.50%) after three months and six months of intervention. A statistically significant difference was found before the intervention and 3 and 6 months afterwards (P˂.001). In the control group, no statistically significant difference was found between the pre-intervention and post-intervention (three months (P=.351) and six months (P=.687).Conclusion: The educational intervention based on the stages of behaviour change model showed to be effective in promoting the physical activity of employed women. These findings may benefit health education researchers and practitioners who tend to develop innovative theory-based interventions and strategies to increase the level of physical activity in women.

scholarly journals Educational intervention on knowledge of cervical cancer and uptake of Pap smear test among market women in Niger State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Jiya Gana ◽  
Mansur O. Oche ◽  
Jessica Timane Ango ◽  
Aminu Umar Kaoje ◽  
Kehinde Joseph Awosan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Market Women

Cervical cancer is the most common female genital tract carcinoma worldwide. It is increasingly becoming the leading carcinoma seen among women in the developing world. The aim of our study was to showcase the effect of educational intervention on the knowledge of cervical cancer and subsequently the uptake of Pap smear test amongst market women in Niger state, Nigeria. The state has a rich network of markets in all the local government areas because of the fishing activities, bountiful agricultural produce yearly and its situation to the North of the national capital, Abuja. This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in two groups with pre and post intervention data collection. Sample size was determined based on a previous similar study done in Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used for recruiting the study participants. SPSS statistical software was used for data entry, editing and analysis. Respondents’ knowledge of cervical cancer were comparable at pre-intervention but were statistically significantly better (P<0.0001) at post-intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group for every variable measured. However, there was only a (Fisher’s exact, P=0.621) compared to the control group. This study showed an increase in knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smear test however the uptake of Pap smear test remained low even after intervention. This underscores the need for sustained intervention programs to eventually translate knowledge acquired to habitual practice.

Training cosmetology students in Arkansas to help dermatologists find skin cancers earlier: results of a cluster-randomized controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lori Fischbach ◽  
Mohammed F Faramawi ◽  
Deborah Girard ◽  
Susan Thapa ◽  
Robin Travers
Keyword(s):  
Skin Cancer ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Educational Video ◽  
Sun Safety ◽  
Safety Practices ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Skin Cancers ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Abstract Background We tested an educational video in cosmetology schools to increase students’ knowledge about skin cancer, sun-safety practices, identifying suspicious lesions and recommending clients consult a dermatologist when a suspicious lesion is observed. Methods We used a cluster-randomized controlled study design to randomize 22 cosmetology schools to receive our educational video or a publicly accessible healthy lifestyle video (control). Results Students who received the intervention were more likely than controls to increase their knowledge of skin cancer, risk factors and how to identify potential skin cancers (risk ratio [RR] and 95% confidence interval = 2.86 [1.58–5.20]). At follow-up, students in the intervention group were more likely than those in the control group to look for suspicious moles on their clients’ faces, scalps and necks (RRs = 1.75, 2.16 and 2.90, respectively). Additionally, students in the intervention group were more likely to communicate with clients about sun-safety practices (RR = 1.74 [1.11–2.73]) and consulting a dermatologist about suspicious moles (RR = 1.57 [1.03–2.41]). Conclusions Our educational video helped cosmetology students recognize potential skin cancers and talk with clients about sun safety and consulting a dermatologist about suspicious moles. Such videos may play a role in the public health surveillance of skin cancers in communities.

scholarly journals The potential counter effect of COVID-19 outbreak on an antimicrobial agents prescribing educational intervention

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (11) ◽  
pp. 1653-1660
Author(s):  
Nada Yasein ◽  
Wejdan Shroukh ◽  
Farihan Barghouti ◽  
Omayma Hassanin ◽  
Hala Yousef ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Educational Interventions ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Post Intervention

Introduction: Educational interventions targeting health care professionals can contribute to improving knowledge and behaviors of antimicrobial agents prescribing. However, the unprecedented COVID-19 outbreak caused a disruption of the current practices and treatment guidelines. Therefore, it is highly likely that the pandemic had its disruptive effect on any educational interventions that were going on during the outbreak. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of an educational intervention in improving antimicrobial agents prescribing Methodology: This was a randomized controlled study that included 69 resident physicians in a teaching hospital. The intervention group received an educational intervention focusing on antimicrobial agents prescribing and resistance. Before and after the intervention, outpatient antimicrobial agents prescribing rates for the two study arms were compared for the pre- and post-intervention periods. Additionally, all participants were asked to complete an online questionnaire that measured their knowledge, attitudes and behavioral intention towards antimicrobial agents resistance and prescription. The post-intervention period included the months of February, March, and June 2020. April and May were excluded from the study period since clinics were closed due to the COVID -19 pandemic. Results: Post-intervention, the rate of antimicrobial agents prescribing by the intervention group was significantly higher than that of the control group (p < 0.001). Mean fear score for the intervention group was significantly lower than that for the control group after the intervention. Conclusions: Findings indicate failure of the educational intervention in improving antimicrobial agents prescribing. However, an unexpected counter effect of the COVID-19 outbreak is highly likely.

Effect of an Educational Intervention Delivered to Senior Nursing Students to Strengthen Spiritual Care for People with Chronic Illness

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina María Vargas-Escobar ◽  
Mildred Guarnizo-Tole
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Illness ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Spiritual Care ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Wilcoxon Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention

AbstractThis is an experimental, quantitative, parallel design study (control and experimental groups) with pre- and post-intervention assessment without blinding, which aimed to determine the effect of an educational intervention delivered to ninety Colombian senior nursing students to strengthen perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care for people with chronic illness. The Spirituality and Spiritual Care Rating Scale (SSCRS) was used as the instrument of measurement. The Wilcoxon test was used for comparisons between two groups, and the Kruskal-Wallis test for the comparison of global scale scores between the intervention group and the control group. To determine the effect of the intervention, Cohen’s d statistic was used. The intervention modified the perceptions of spirituality and spiritual care in the experimental group (median = 80.2, SD = 10.2) compared with their initial perceptions (median = 70, SD = 11.2), p ≤ 0.001. The effect size (ES) of the intervention was 0.63, with a power of 0.80, indicating a moderate and acceptable effect size.

scholarly journals Medication reconciliation knowledge among hospital pharmacists in Nigeria: A non-randomised controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 528-537
Author(s):  
Akinniyi A. Aje ◽  
Segun J. Showande ◽  
Titilayo O. Fakeye
Keyword(s):  
Randomised Controlled Trial ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Medication Reconciliation ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
College Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
Randomised Controlled

Background: Medication reconciliation (MR) is a patient-centred evolving role of pharmacists that improves patient’s health outcomes. Aim: To assess the effect of an educational intervention on pharmacists’ MR knowledge in two Nigerian tertiary hospitals. Methods: A two-arm parallel non-randomised controlled trial was carried out at two tertiary hospitals in Nigeria, one as intervention and the other as control site. Pharmacists’ MR knowledge was assessed pre-intervention and at one-, three- and six-month post-intervention. The intervention consisted of seminar and role-plays. Data were summarised with descriptive and inferential statistics. Results: A total of 75 pharmacists completed the study. Scores for pre-intervention out of a total of 38 was 19.31±4.76 in the intervention group and 17.50±6.86 in the control group. Post-intervention assessment scores (University College Hospital vs University of Ilorin Teaching Hospital) at one, three and six months were 29.82±5.01 vs 25.97±5.31, 31.53±4.99 vs 26.10±5.20, and 31.69±4.10 vs 23.07±3.98, respectively (p < 0.01). Conclusion: The educational intervention led to improved pharmacists’ MR knowledge.

scholarly journals Effect of Education on Physical Activity among the Rural Elderly in Zabol City

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Saeed Jadgal ◽  
Saeedeh Sadeghi ◽  
Ehsan Movahed ◽  
Moradali Zareipour ◽  
Sayed Mostafa Davoodi
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
And Control

Introduction: One of the most important causes of chronic diseases in elderly people is lack of physical activity. Studies have shown that lack of physical activity in the elderly causes osteoporosis, obesity, depression and sudden death from cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and colon cancer. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of an educational intervention on knowledge and practice of physical activity among the rural elderly in Zabol city. Methods: In this semi-experimental study, 200 elderly people over 60 years of age living in rural areas of Zabol city who were selected by multi-stage random sampling were divided into two groups: intervention and control. The data collection instrument was a researcher- made questionnaire that comprised 3 parts: demographic and background variables, knowledge and practice. Before the intervention, the questionnaires were completed by intervention and control group. The educational content for the intervention group was the Healthy Lifestyle Handbook and face-to-face training which included a practical representation of six smooth movements. However, no intervention was performed in the control group. After 2 months, the same questionnaire was completed again and the data were analyzed using SPSS software. Results: Before the intervention, there was no difference in the mean score of knowledge and practice of the participants, but these differences were significant in the post intervention (p < 0.001). The mean of knowledge and practice scores in the control group in pre-intervention stage was 35.17 ± 2.05 and 6.24 ± 2.82, respectively, Which was 35.59 ± 1.82 and 5.91 ± 2.64 in the post-intervention phase, respectively, But the mean score of knowledge and practice in the intervention group in pre intervention stage increased from 35.6 ± 2.47 and 6.73 ± 3.43 to 37.85 ± 1.38, and 12.83 ± 9.09 in the post-intervention phase, respectively. Conclusion: Educational intervention is effective in increasing awareness and overall level of physical activity among the elderly.

The Impact of the Theory-Based Training on Beliefs of Women towards Breast Cancer Screening Behaviors

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 229-235
Author(s):  
Alireza Didarloo ◽  
Leila Mokhtary ◽  
Hamid-Reza Khalkhali ◽  
Soheila Ahangarzadeh-Rezaei
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Cancer Screening ◽  
Breast Cancer Screening ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Belief Model ◽  
Screening Behaviors

Background: Breast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer among women that is fatal if not diagnosed and treated in due time. Health beliefs play an important role in people's willingness to engage in health-promoting behaviors. Objective: The aim of the study was to examine the effects of the health belief model (HBM)-based training intervention on women’s health beliefs towards breast cancer screening behaviors. Methods: The study of educational intervention was conducted on women referred to healthcare centers. The sample was selected by convenient sampling and randomly assigned to control and intervention groups of 50 subjects. The intervention group received the theory-based training intervention, but the control group received only the routine care. Champion’s Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) was used for collecting the study data. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test, paired t-test, Chi-squared test, and correlation coefficient in SPSS software version 16.00. Results: The mean age of the subjects for control and intervention groups was 39.06±9.78, 38.32±8.27, respectively. Overall, 38%, 12% and 13%of the subjects reported breast selfexamination behavior, mammography and clinical breast examinations, respectively. Before the intervention program, the overall mean score of health beliefs in groups of control and intervention was 160.82±23.28, and 159.14±20.61, respectively. After educational intervention, the overall mean score of beliefs in the intervention group changed from 159.14±20.61 to 195.26±24.42, and it was statistically significant (p<0.001). In the control group, after the intervention, no significant changes were observed in the mean score of total health beliefs and were not statistically significant (p>0.05). Among the variables of the HBM, women's perceived self-efficacy toward breast selfexamination experienced the most positive change after an educational intervention. Conclusion: Our results indicated that HBM-based training significantly improved women’s beliefs toward breast cancer screening behaviors. It is suggested that trainers in the healthcare system use these educational approaches to promote people’s beliefs toward breast cancer and its screening methods.

scholarly journals Effect of “Spatially Separated Speech in Noise Training” on speech perception in noise in children with bimodal fitting

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Younes Lotfi ◽  
Mahdieh Hasanalifard ◽  
Abdollah Moossavi ◽  
Enayatollah Bakhshi ◽  
Mohammad Ajalloueyan
Keyword(s):  
Speech Perception ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Interventional Study ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Speech Perception In Noise ◽  
Speech In Noise ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Recognition Ability

Abstract Background The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training on the ability of speech perception in noise among bimodal fitting users. The assumption was that the rehabilitation can enhance spatial hearing and hence speech in noise perception. This study was an interventional study, with a pre/post-design. Speech recognition ability was assessed with the specific tests. After performing the rehabilitation stages in the intervention group, the speech tests were again implemented, and by comparing the pre- and post-intervention data, the effect of auditory training on the speech abilities was assessed. Twenty-four children of 8–12 years who had undergone cochlear implantation and continuously used bimodal fitting were investigated in two groups of control and intervention. Results The results showed a significant difference between the groups in different speech tests after the intervention, which indicated that the intervention group have improved more than the control group. Conclusion It can be concluded that “Spatially separated speech in noise” auditory training can improve the speech perception in noise in bimodal fitting users. In general, this rehabilitation method is useful for enhancing the speech in noise perception ability.

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