Factors associated with BMI change over five years in a Swedish adult population. Results from the Scania Public Health Cohort Study

2009 ◽  
Vol 37 (5) ◽  
pp. 532-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frida Eek ◽  
P.-O. Östergren
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Health Cohort Study

scholarly journals Reference values for handgrip strength: data from the TCLSIH cohort study

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongmei Wu ◽  
Mingyue Liu ◽  
Qing Zhang ◽  
Li Liu ◽  
Ge Meng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
Health Cohort Study

Abstract Background although handgrip strength (HGS) is considered an excellent predictor of morbidity and mortality, there are few reference data available, especially across life from young to old populations. Objective to investigate the reference values and determinants for HGS in a large Chinese adult population. Design this cross-sectional study used data from the Tianjin Chronic Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation and Health Cohort Study ranging from 2013 to 2017. Setting and subjects in total, 37,707 Chinese adults aged 18–93 years with measures of HGS were included. Methods HGS was measured using a handheld digital dynamometer. The percentile distribution of HGS, as well as mean (standard deviation) values of HGS, was calculated according to sex and age categories. The Pearson’s or Spearman’s correlation coefficient and multiple linear regression were also used. Results the peak mean value of HGS was 45.2 ± 6.88 kg in men and 26.8 ± 4.65 kg in women. Different reference values for each sex and age category are present. The prevalence of low HGS was 7.69% in men and 6.46% in women. Multiple regression analysis showed that almost 72.5% of HGS variability can be explained by sex, age, height and weight. Conclusions the HGS reached peak at 40 years old, maintained or slightly lowered between ages 40 and50 and then start an accelerated decline after 50 years old. Reference values of HGS should be stratified by sex and age group. HGS variability can be largely explained by sex, age, height and weight.

scholarly journals Correction: Cazzoletti et al. Risk Factors Associated with Nursing Home COVID-19 Outbreaks: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health 2021, 18, 8434

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (24) ◽  
pp. 13175
Author(s):  
Lucia Cazzoletti ◽  
Maria Elisabetta Zanolin ◽  
Ilaria Tocco Tussardi ◽  
Mulubirhan Assefa Alemayohu ◽  
Ernesto Zanetel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Nursing Home ◽  
Retrospective Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Factors Associated

The authors would like to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

Firearm ownership and acquisition in California: findings from the 2018 California Safety and Well-being Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 516-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Kravitz-Wirtz ◽  
Rocco Pallin ◽  
Matthew Miller ◽  
Deborah Azrael ◽  
Garen J Wintemute
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Violence Prevention ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internet Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Firearm Violence ◽  
Sectional Analysis

ObjectiveTo describe the prevalence of and factors associated with firearm ownership; the types, subtypes and quantity of firearms owned; and when, where and why firearms were acquired in California.MethodsA cross-sectional analysis of a state-representative, probability-based, internet survey of California adults was conducted in September–October 2018 (n=2558; completion rate 49%). Household firearm ownership was ascertained for all respondents; personal firearm ownership was ascertained only among respondents who reported living in a home with firearms; and information on the types and quantity of firearms owned and details about recently acquired firearms came from firearm owners only.FindingsRoughly one in four (25%, 95% CI 22% to 28%) California adults live in a home with a firearm, including 4.2 million adults—14% (95% CI 13% to 16%) of the adult population—who personally own a firearm. These owners collectively own an estimated 19.9 million firearms (8.9 million handguns). Approximately half (48%, 95% CI 34% to 61%) of the firearm stock in California is owned by the 10% (95% CI 6% to 14%) of owners who own 10 or more firearms, though more than half (54%, 95% CI 47% to 62%) of owners in the state own only one or two firearms. Most (69%, 95% CI 63% to 75%) owners purchased their last firearm from a firearm retailer, usually a handgun purchased primarily for protection against people.ConclusionThis study provides the most detailed and up-to-date information available on firearm ownership and acquisition in California. Results can inform firearm violence prevention efforts and public health, safety and policy development in California and nationally.

The Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND): a Prospective, Online, Public Health Cohort Study Targeting Dementia Risk Reduction (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa Bartlett ◽  
Kathleen Doherty ◽  
Maree Farrow ◽  
Sarang Kim ◽  
Edward Hill ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Neurodegenerative Disease ◽  
Risk Reduction ◽  
Population Level ◽  
First Year ◽  
Dementia Prevalence ◽  
Dementia Risk ◽  
Health Project ◽  
Health Cohort Study

BACKGROUND Up to 40% of incident dementia is considered attributable to behavioural and lifestyle factors. Given the current lack of medical treatments and the projected increase in dementia prevalence, a focus on prevention through risk reduction is needed. OBJECTIVE The Island Study Linking Ageing and Neurodegenerative Disease (ISLAND) is a long-term prospective, online cohort study with nested interventions. This 10-year public health project aims to increase dementia risk knowledge and promote changes in dementia risk behaviours at individual and population level. METHODS ISLAND participants (target n=10,000) reside in Tasmania, Australia and are aged 50 years or over. Survey data on knowledge, attitudes and behaviours related to modifiable dementia risk factors will be modelled longitudinally with intervention engagement indices, cognitive functioning and blood-based biomarkers. RESULTS In the initial 12 months, 6,410 participants provided baseline data and have been provided with a personalised dementia risk profile, and guidelines for reducing risk, across nine behavioural and lifestyle domains. Within this first year over one quarter of the cohort (27%) undertook the Preventing Dementia massive open online course and 12% enrolled in university study via the Campus intervention. CONCLUSIONS Recruitment targets are feasible and efforts are ongoing to achieve a representative sample. Findings will inform future public health dementia risk reduction initiatives, by showing whether, when and how dementia risk can be lowered through interventions delivered in an uncontrolled, real-world context.

scholarly journals Income assurances are a crucial factor in determining public compliance with self-isolation regulations during the COVID-19 outbreak – cohort study in Israel

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Moran Bodas ◽  
Kobi Peleg
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Public Attitudes ◽  
Adult Population ◽  
Compliance Rate ◽  
The Public ◽  
Monetary Compensation ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Public Health Authorities ◽  
Absence From Work

Abstract Background The outbreak of a new Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) poses dramatic challenges to public health authorities worldwide. One measure put in place to contain the spread of the disease is self-quarantine of individuals who may have been exposed to the disease. While officials expect the public to comply with such regulation, studies suggest that a major obstacle to compliance for self-quarantine is concern over loss of income or employment due to the prolonged absence from work. Methods A cohort study of the adult population of Israel was conducted in two time points during the COVID-19 outbreak, the last week of February and the third week of March 2020, in order to assess public attitudes. In particular, public compliance rates to self-quarantine with and without State-sponsored compensation for lost wages were assessed. Results The results suggest that public attitudes changed as the threat increased, making people more compliant with regulations. In February 2020, compliance rate for self-quarantine dropped from 94% to less than 57% when monetary compensation for lost wages was removed; however, in March 2020 this drop became more moderate (from 96 to 71%). The multivariate logistic regression revealed that older, non-Jewish, worried over COVID-19, and trusting the Ministry of Health were more likely than their counterparts to comply with self-isolation, even when monetary compensation was not assumed. Conclusions Despite the effects of threat on people’s obedience with regulations, this study demonstrates that providing people with assurances about their livelihood during absence from work remains an important component in compliance with public health regulations.

scholarly journals Symptomatic SARS-COV-2 reinfection: healthcare workers and immunosuppressed individuals at high risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Efrén Murillo-Zamora ◽  
Xóchitl Trujillo ◽  
Miguel Huerta ◽  
Mónica Ríos-Silva ◽  
Felipe Aguilar-Sollano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Retrospective Cohort ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Health Policies ◽  
Incidence Density ◽  
Public Health Policies ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Older Subjects ◽  
Reduced Risk

Abstract Background Knowledge regarding factors predicting the SARS-COV-2 reinfection risk is scarce and it has major implications in public health policies. We aimed to identify factors associated with the risk of symptomatic SARS-COV-2 reinfection. Methods We conducted a nationwide retrospective cohort study and 99,993 confirmed cases of COVID-19 were analyzed. Results The overall risk of reinfection (28 or more elapsed days between both episodes onset) was 0.21% (incidence density, 2.5 reinfections per 100,000 person-days) and older subjects and those with the mild primary disease were at reduced risk of the event. Healthcare workers and immunosuppressed or renal patients had at greater risk of SARS-COV-2 reinfection. Conclusions If replicated in other populations, these results may be useful to prioritize efforts focusing on the reduction of SARS-COV-2 spread and the related burden.

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