scholarly journals Public-health risks from tea drinking: Fluoride exposure

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482199028
Author(s):  
Nimisha Krishnankutty ◽  
Tina Storgaard Jensen ◽  
Jeannett Kjær ◽  
Jan Stener Jørgensen ◽  
Flemming Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Direct Method ◽  
Fluoride Concentration ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Fluoride Exposure ◽  
Tea Infusions ◽  
Tea Drinking ◽  
New Evidence

Aims: Due to new evidence on fluoride neurotoxicity during early life, this study examined maternal exposure to fluoride through tea consumption in a low-fluoride region and measured fluoride releases from commercially available teas (tea bags and loose teas) to determine the need to limit fluoride exposure. Methods: Maternal urine fluoride (MUF) concentrations were measured in spot urine samples ( N=118) from first-trimester pregnant women and in prepared tea infusions made with deionised water from 33 brand teas and 57 loose-tea products, as determined by the direct method of using a fluoride-selective electrode. Results: The fluoride concentration in the local drinking water supplies ranged from 0.10 to 0.18 mg/L, and the creatinine-adjusted MUF ranged from 0.09 to 1.57 mg/L. Seventeen per cent of the women were daily tea drinkers, and their MUFs were higher than those with no consumption ( p=0.002). The fluoride concentration from tea bags ranged from 0.34 to 2.67 mg/L, while loose teas showed 0.72–4.50 mg/L (black), 0.56–1.58 mg/L (oolong), 1.28–1.50 mg/L (green), and 0.33–1.17 mg/L (white tea). Conclusions: Fluoride exposure among pregnant women increases with tea consumption, with likely risks of developmental neurotoxicity to their children. As the fluoride release from tea varies widely, the fluoride concentration should be indicated on tea packages in order to allow consumers to make informed decisions on minimising their fluoride exposure.

scholarly journals Preeclampsia prediction –First trimester screening markers

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-229
Author(s):  
Kaliki Hymavathi ◽  
Bhaavya Paturi ◽  
Duvvuru Akshitha ◽  
K Sravya
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Screening Tools ◽  
Early Prediction ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Spot Urine ◽  
Maternal Urine ◽  
Urine Albumin

Preeclampsia is a multi-system disorder manifested primarily by hypertension and proteinuria during second half of pregnancy. It is a major cause of maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite decades of research into the condition, the ability of clinicians to predict preeclampsia prior to the onset of symptoms has not improved significantly. In this review we will look at potential biomarkers for early prediction and diagnosis of preeclampsia. To evaluate the efficacy of different biochemical and biophysical markers in the early weeks of gestation as screening tools for early prediction of preeclampsia. This hospital-based prospective observational study conducted on 52 pregnant women, at less than 13 weeks of gestation were recruited. Maternal urine microalbumin, urinary albumin to creatinine ratio, and USG uterine artery PI levels were analyzed among the pregnant women who subsequently developed PE and compare with those who did not develop PE. Methods used for the detection of markers are: immunoturbidimetric method for urine albumin, modified kinetic Jaffe reaction without deproteinization for Urine creatinine and Uterine artery Doppler velocimetry was done by PHILIPS HD11XE transabdominal ultrasound machine using a 4-6 MHz probe with the same sonographer. In the present study, spot urine microalbumin and spot urine albumin to creatinine ratio (UACR) at 11-13 were significantly higher in women who developed PE subsequently when compared to nonpreeclamptic women.(P<0.0001). The mean levels of 1st and 2nd-trimester uterine artery PI significantly high in women who subsequently developed PE when compared to those who did not develop preeclampsia (P<0.0001). Study results showed a strong association between gestational age at delivery and neonatal outcome (neonatal birth weight and APGAR) with preeclampsia. The maternal urine microalbumin, albumin to creatinine ratio, and uterine artery PI found to have good sensitivity and specificity for early prediction of PE. Study concluded that the women who are prone to develop PE subsequently, had high levels of MAP, UAPI, microalbuminuria and urine albumin to creatinine ratio than the normotensive women. In our setting, MAP, UAPI, microalbuminuria, and UACR markers appeared to be better screening modalities. The combination of biochemical markers with the biophysical markers, demographic characteristics, and other novel markers will establish the effective screening models for early prediction of PE. Early identification of high-risk cases will offer an opportunity for prophylactic therapy, such as Low- dose Aspirin in selected groups of high-risk women screened in the first trimester, thus improving the maternal and perinatal outcome.

Trimester-Specific Thyroid Function in Pregnant Women with Different Iodine Statuses

2020 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-174
Author(s):  
Wenxing Guo ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ya Jin ◽  
Wen Chen ◽  
Lu Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Thyroid Function ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Free Triiodothyronine ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Iodine Status ◽  
Spot Urine

Objectives: To explore trimester-specific thyroid function changes under different iodine statuses throughout pregnancy. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted to assess the pregnancy iodine status, and 2,378 healthy pregnant women covering all 3 trimesters were recruited. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) was measured by collecting spot urine samples. Blood samples were collected to evaluate thyroid function. Thyroid B-ultrasonography was conducted to measure the thyroid volume (Tvol). Results: The median UIC was 168 μg/L (111–263 μg/L). The UIC, free triiodothyronine (FT3), and free thyroxine (FT4) were significantly decreased as the pregnancy progressed (p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001), while Tvol increased (p < 0.001, p for trend <0.001). Thyrotropin (TSH) was significantly different between the 3 trimesters and showed an upward trend (p < 0.001), but the p for trend was not significant (p for trend = 0.88). After stratification by UIC, there were no significant differences in serum TSH, FT4, or FT3 level between UIC groups. Tvol was significantly higher in the UIC ≥500 μg/L group in the first trimester (β: 2.41, 95% CI: 1.09–3.72, p <0.001), as well as in the 250 ≤ UIC < 500 μg/L group (β: 1.65, 95% CI: 0.61–2.70, p < 0.001) and UIC ≥500 μg/L group (β: 3.35, 95% CI: 1.96–4.74, p < 0.001) in the third trimester. Conclusions: No difference was observed in TSH, FT3, or FT4 among the different iodine status groups throughout pregnancy. Tvol increased as the pregnancy progressed, and it was especially higher in the UIC ≥500 μg/L group in the first and third trimesters.

scholarly journals Association between Tea-drinking Habits and Anemia on Pregnant Women in Makassar, Indonesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-38
Author(s):  
Sundari Sundari ◽  
Nurul Husnah ◽  
Suci Avnalurini Sharief ◽  
M. Akbar Alwi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
The Body ◽  
Tea Consumption ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Drinking Habits ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Cross Sectional Design ◽  
Tea Drinking ◽  
High Level

Background: The condition of anemia in pregnant women in Indonesia is exacerbated by the habits of consuming tea. Anemia in pregnant women is still a health problem and a high-level cause of death that causes maternal bleeding indirectly. In Indonesia, tea is the most consumed beverage after water. The aroma of fragrant tea and its distinctive taste make this drink widely consumed. Tea can also be used as an antioxidant, improve skin, and slim the body. However, tea-drinking habits in pregnant women can affect the risk of anemia because tea contains tannins that can inhibit the absorption of iron. Purpose: To analyze the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia on pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia. Methods: This was a quantitative study with cross-sectional design. The subject in this study was 36 pregnant women in the 2nd trimester of pregnancy that was chosen by accidental sampling. The analysis that used was chi-square test to examine the association between tea-drinking habits and anemia. A systematic questionnaire was used to collect data by interviewing respondents. Result: Of the 36 pregnant women who always drink tea, 22 respondents (48%) had anemia and 14 respondents (30%) were not anemic.  Meanwhile, of 10 respondents who did not have tea consumption habits, 6 respondents (13%) had anemia and 4 respondents (9%) did not suffer from anemia.  Chi-square test showed p=1,000 (p>0,05), which means that there was no association between tea consumption and anemia. Conclusion: Tea-drinking habit was not related to anemia in pregnant women in Makassar, Indonesia. Pregnant women may consume tea after eating but they need to control the interval, at least one hour after having a meal to avoid anemia.

Optimisation of tactics of conducting pregnancy and labours at women after auxiliary reproductive technologies

2016 ◽  
pp. 160-164
Author(s):  
D.N. Maslo ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Reproductive Technologies ◽  
Premature Delivery ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Uterine Arteries ◽  
Placental Dysfunction ◽  
Placental Blood ◽  
Two Stages

The objective: frequency decrease perinatal pathologies at women after ART on the basis of studying clinical-ehografical, endocrinological, biochemical, dopplerometrical, cardiotokografical and morphological researches, and also improvement of algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Patients and methods. The work basis is made spent by us from 2012 on 2015 by complex inspection of 300 pregnant women from which 250 were after ART and 50 – firstlabours which pragnency without ART, and also their newborns. For the decision of an object in view of research spent to two stages. At 1 stage spent prosperctive research which included 150 pregnant women: з them 100 women pregnancy at which has come out ART (1 group) and 50 healthy women (control group). At 2 stage spent prospective randomization in which result of patients after ART have divided on two equal groups by therapy principle: 2 basic group - 75 pregnant women after ART at which used the algorithm improved by us; 3 group of comparison - 75 pregnant women after ART which have been spent on the standard treatment-and-prophylactic actions. Results. The results suggest that women after using ART is a high frequency of reproductive losses in the first trimester (10.0%), 3.0% of spontaneous abortion from 16 to 22 weeks, and 3.0% "early" premature delivery (22 to 28 weeks of pregnancy). The frequency of violations of the functional state of placenta in women after using IVF is 63.0%, which is the main cause of high levels of perinatal losses (40.0 ‰), and delivery by cesarean section (96.0%). Placental dysfunction in women after using ART characterized by retrohorialnyh hematoma (21.0%); size mismatch fruit (30.0%) and hypertonicity of the uterus (73.0%) against changes in fruit-placental blood flow - increased resistance index in umbilical artery and increased vascular resistance in the uterine arteries. Endocrinological and biochemical changes in placental dysfunction in women after using IVF starting from 28 weeks of pregnancy and are in significant reduction in progesterone, placental b1-microglobulin, B2-microglobulin of fertility and trophic в-glycoprotein. Conclusion. The received results: use of the algorithm of diagnostic and treatment-and-prophylactic actions improved by us allows to lower frequency of spontaneous interruption of pregnancy till 22 weeks – from 13.0% to 5.7%; «early» premature birth – from 3.0% to 1.0%; placentary dysfunction from 63.0% to 40.6%; cesarean sections – from 96.0% to 56.5%, and also perinatal losses – from 40.0‰ to 16.2‰. Key words: pregnancy, childbirth, auxiliary reproductive technologies.

86-LB: Elevated First-Trimester Neutrophil Count Is Associated with the Development of Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in Pregnant Women

Diabetes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 68 (Supplement 1) ◽  
pp. 86-LB
Author(s):  
TIANGE SUN ◽  
FANHUA MENG ◽  
RUI ZHANG ◽  
ZHIYAN YU ◽  
SHUFEI ZANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gestational Diabetes ◽  
Gestational Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Neutrophil Count ◽  
First Trimester

scholarly journals Identifying Patterns of Symptom Distress in Pregnant Women: A Pilot Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (12) ◽  
pp. 6333
Author(s):  
Ching-Fang Lee ◽  
Fur-Hsing Wen ◽  
Yvonne Hsiung ◽  
Jian-Pei Huang ◽  
Chun-Wei Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Symptom Distress ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Lower Back ◽  
Distress Symptoms ◽  
Related Symptom ◽  
Experienced Symptom

During pregnancy, a woman’s enlarged uterus and the developing fetus lead to symptom distress; in turn, physical and psychological aspects of symptom distress are often associated with adverse prenatal and birth outcomes. This study aimed to identify the trends in the trajectory of these symptoms. This longitudinal study recruited 95 pregnant women, with a mean age of 32 years, from the prenatal wards of two teaching hospitals in northern Taiwan. Symptom distress was measured by a 22-item scale related to pregnancy-induced symptoms. The follow-up measurements began during the first trimester and were taken every two to four weeks until childbirth. More than half of the pregnant women experienced symptom distress manifested in a pattern depicted to be “Decreased then Increased” (56.8%). Other noticeable patterns were “Continuously Increased” (28.4%), “Increased then Decreased” (10.5%) and “Continuously Decreased” (4.2%), respectively. It is worth noting that most pregnant women recorded a transit and increase in their symptom distress, revealed by their total scores, at the second trimester (mean 22.02 weeks) of pregnancy. The participants’ major pregnancy-related distress symptoms were physical and included fatigue, frequent urination, lower back pain, and difficulty sleeping. The mean scores for individual symptoms ranged from 2.32 to 3.61 and were below the “moderately distressful” level. This study provides evidence that could be used to predict women’s pregnancy-related symptom distress and help healthcare providers implement timely interventions to improve prenatal care.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Prescriptions among China Ambulatory Care Visits of Pregnant Women: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study

Antibiotics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 601
Author(s):  
Houyu Zhao ◽  
Mei Zhang ◽  
Jiaming Bian ◽  
Siyan Zhan
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Ambulatory Care ◽  
National Level ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Fetal Safety ◽  
First Trimester Of Pregnancy

Background: Antibiotic use in pregnant women at the national level has rarely been reported in China. Objectives: We aimed to investigate antibiotic prescriptions during pregnancy in ambulatory care settings in China. Methods: Data of 4,574,961 ambulatory care visits of pregnant women from October 2014 to April 2018 were analyzed. Percentages of Antibiotic prescriptions by different subgroups and various diagnosis categories and proportions of inappropriate antibiotic prescriptions for different subgroups were estimated. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) pregnancy categories were used to describe the antibiotic prescription patterns. The 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using the Clopper––Pearson method or Goodman method. Results: Among the 4,574,961 outpatient visits during pregnancy, 2.0% (92,514 visits; 95% CI, 2.0–2.0%) were prescribed at least one antibiotic. The percentage of antibiotic prescriptions for pregnant women aged >40 years was 4.9% (95% CI, 4.7–5.0%), whereas that for pregnant women aged 26–30 years was 1.5% (95% CI, 1.4–1.5%). In addition, percentages of antibiotic prescriptions varied among different trimesters of pregnancy, which were 5.4% (95% CI, 5.3–5.4%) for the visits in the first trimester of pregnancy and 0.5% (95% CI, 0.4–0.5%) in the third trimester of pregnancy. Furthermore, the percentages of antibiotic prescriptions substantially varied among different diagnosis categories and nearly three-quarters of antibiotic prescriptions had no clear indications and thus might be inappropriate. In total, 130,308 individual antibiotics were prescribed; among these, 60.4% (95% CI, 60.0–60.8%) belonged to FDA category B, 2.7% (95% CI, 2.1–3.5%) were classified as FDA category D and 16.8% (95% CI, 16.2–17.4%) were not assigned any FDA pregnancy category. Conclusions: Antibiotic prescriptions in ambulatory care during pregnancy were not highly prevalent in mainland China. However, a substantial proportion of antibiotics might have been prescribed without adequate indications. Antibiotics whose fetal safety has not been sufficiently illustrated were widely used in pregnant women.

scholarly journals Radioimmunoassay of plasma ouabain in healthy and pregnant individuals

2000 ◽  
Vol 165 (3) ◽  
pp. 669-677 ◽  
Author(s):  
O Vakkuri ◽  
SS Arnason ◽  
A Pouta ◽  
O Vuolteenaho ◽  
J Leppaluoto
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Human Plasma ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Chemical Nature ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Plasma Samples ◽  
Third Trimester ◽  
Endogenous Substances

Ouabain was recently isolated from human plasma, bovine hypothalamus and bovine adrenal in attempts to identify endogenous substances inhibiting the cell membrane sodium pump. A number of radioimmunoassays have been developed in order to study the clinical significance of ouabain. The results have been controversial with regard to the presence and chemical nature of plasma ouabain-like immunoreactivity. We have now measured ouabain in healthy and pregnant individuals using solid-phase extraction of plasma samples followed by a new radioimmunoassay with the extraordinary sensitivity of at least 2 fmol/tube (5 pmol/l). Plasma extracts, a previously isolated human plasma ouabain-like compound and bovine hypothalamic inhibitory factor displaced the tracer in parallel and eluted identically with ouabain in high-performance liquid chromatography. Plasma ouabain immunoreactivity was found to be much lower than reported previously: 12.6+/-1.3 pmol/l in healthy men (mean+/-s.e., n=20) and 9.4+/-0.7 pmol/l in women (n=14). In pregnant women (n=28) plasma ouabain concentration was 16.3+/-4.0 pmol/l during the first trimester, 18.8+/-4.3 pmol/l during the second trimester and 24.3+/-4.0 pmol/l during the third trimester (all P<0.01 compared with non-pregnant women). Plasma ouabain 3-5 days after the delivery was 13.6+/-1.1 pmol/l (n=10, P<0.05-0.01 compared with second and third trimesters). The pregnancy-related changes in the plasma concentrations of ouabain resembled those of cortisol. Therefore cortisol was measured from the same plasma samples and a significant positive correlation was found (r=0.512, P=0.006). The similar profiles of plasma ouabain and cortisol during pregnancy and their rapid decreases postpartum are consistent with the adrenal cortical origin of ouabain and also show that the secretions of these hormones are possibly under the control of same factors.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document