Survival Experience of Semi-Skilled Disability Pensioners in Denmark

1982 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernard Jeune
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Social Factors ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mortality Level ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
Survival Prognosis ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Very High

The purpose of this study was to estimate the survival prognosis of semi-skilled disability pensioners. The survival experience of 1353 invalid male members of the Danish Semiskilled Workers Union (SID) awarded disability pensions in 1975 was compared with a control group of members of the same union, matched geographically and by age. The two groups were followed until Nov. 30, 1978. For the follow-up period as a whole, the mortality risk among disability pensioners was estimated to be 6.8 times as high as that of controls. The relative risk of mortality was higher at the period's inception than at the end. A very high mortality level was found among disability pensioners awarded the highest level of disability pension, but no differences in mortality were found between disability pensioners awarded the lower levels of disability pension and the corresponding control group. The significance of medical and social factors in reducing the ability to work is discussed, as it relates to grounds for the awarding of disability pensions. The prognosis of one category of disability pensioners is very poor, while the survival prognosis of another is not significantly worsened, despite a considerable deterioration in the ability to work.

scholarly journals Effects of autism on 30-year outcome of anorexia nervosa

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Søren Nielsen ◽  
Sandra Rydberg Dobrescu ◽  
Lisa Dinkler ◽  
Carina Gillberg ◽  
Christopher Gillberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Anorexia Nervosa ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Negative Attitude ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Long-term consequences of comorbid autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) are inadequately investigated. Methods In the 1980s, 51 adolescent-onset AN cases (AN group) and 51 matched controls (COMP group) were recruited from the community. They have been examined on five occasions. The four last assessments included the Morgan-Russell Outcome Assessment Schedule (MROAS) to assess eating disorder outcomes (weight, dieting, menstruation), and related problems including psychiatric, psychosexual and socioeconomic state. In the present study, at age 44, when 30 years had elapsed, MROAS data were compared with previous results. At age 16, 21, 24 and 32 years, all individuals had been assessed regarding ASD. At the 30-year follow-up, the impact of the ASD on the MROAS data was analysed. Results In the AN group, all core anorectic symptoms (weight, dieting, menstruation) were on a par with the COMP group at the 30-year follow-up, but the positive outcomes were limited to those who had never had an ASD diagnosis. Psychiatric state was significantly worse in the AN group, particularly in the subgroup who had an ASD diagnosis assigned. The AN group—again particularly those with ASD—had a more negative attitude to sexual matters than the COMP group. The AN group had worse outcomes than the COMP group for ‘personal contacts’, ‘social contacts,’ and ‘employment record’ at the 30-year follow-up and the outcomes were worse the more often an ASD diagnosis had been assigned. Limitations Rare data collection points throughout 30 years (only 5 assessments). ASD was assessed in the first four studies but was not assessed again at the 30-year follow-up. Conclusions Mental health, psychosexual, and socioeconomic status were compromised up to 30 years after AN onset. Coexisting ASD contributed to the poor outcome. Core anorectic symptoms had “normalised” three decades after AN onset. Plain English summary Some individuals with anorexia nervosa (AN) also suffer from autism. In this study we have investigated outcome of AN 30 years after the onset of AN and whether the presence of autism affects the outcome. Since the 1980s we have followed 51 individuals with teenage-onset AN and 51 healthy controls. They have been examined on five occasions, and an instrument that measures symptoms of AN (weight, dieting, body image), psychiatric symptoms, ability to work, and relationships with partner, family, and friends has been used to assess outcome. Autism was assessed in the first four studies. Symptoms of AN had normalised at 30-year follow-up, but only among those without autism. Psychiatric symptoms, ability to work, and relationships were issues that persisted after 30 years in the AN group, and those who had both autism and a history of AN had even more pronounced problems in these areas. The AN group had a more negative attitude to sexual matters than the control group, the outcome was worse the more often an autism diagnosis had been assigned. Conclusions Mental health, psychosexual, and socioeconomic status are affected up to 30 years after AN onset, particularly among those with autism.

scholarly journals Study of hospitalization and mortality in Korean diabetic patients using the diabetes complications severity index

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunju Yoo ◽  
Eunjung Choo ◽  
Sukhyang Lee
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
International Classification Of Disease ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazard ◽  
Hospitalization Rates ◽  
Risk Of Mortality

Abstract Background The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is expected to increase from 7.7% in 2017 to 8.4% in 2045 worldwide. Diabetes complications contribute to morbidity and mortality. To evaluate whether the diabetes complications severity index (DCSI) was associated with increased risks of mortality and hospitalization. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted using the National Health Insurance Database (NHID) sample cohort of 1,102,047 patients (2002–2015) in Korea. Diabetes complications were evaluated at 2 years after the initial diagnosis and during the subsequent follow-up period (mean duration 6.56±2.81 years). The type and severity of complications were evaluated on the basis of the International Classification of Disease Ninth (ICD-9) codes used in DCSI with 7 categories and 55 subcategories of complications. The Cox proportional hazard and Poisson regression models were used to evaluate the mortality and hospitalization rates. The incidence and relative risk of diabetes complications as well as the risk of mortality and hospitalization were the main outcome measures. Results A total of 27,871 patients were finally included and grouped by the number of complications present at two years. Four hundred ninety patients (5.37%) died without complications, 659 (7.31%) died with one complication and 1,153 (11.85 %) died with two or more complications. As DCSI at index date increased, the risk of additional new diabetes complications increased by 26% [relative risk (RR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.25–1.27]. The risks of mortality and hospitalization were linearly related to DCSI [hazard ratio 1.13 (95% CI 1.11–1.16), relative risk 1.04 (95% CI 1.03–1.06)]. Conclusions Patients with higher incidence and severity of diabetes complications have increased risks of mortality and hospitalization.

scholarly journals Musculoskeletal pain intensity in different body regions and risk of disability pension among female eldercare workers: prospective cohort study with 11-year register follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rúni Bláfoss ◽  
Jonas Vinstrup ◽  
Sebastian Venge Skovlund ◽  
Rubén López-Bueno ◽  
Joaquin Calatayud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factor ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Musculoskeletal Pain ◽  
Dose Response ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
Very High

Abstract Background Musculoskeletal pain is a risk factor for leaving the labour market temporarily and permanently. While the presence of multi-site pain increases the risk of disability pension, we lack detailed knowledge about pain intensity as a risk factor. This study investigated the association between musculoskeletal pain intensity in different body regions and risk of future disability pension among eldercare workers. Methods Eight thousand seven hundred thirty-one female eldercare workers replied to a questionnaire on work and health in 2005 and were followed for 11 years in the Danish Register for Evaluation of Marginalization. Time-to-event analyses estimated hazard ratios (HR) for disability pension from pain intensities (0–9 numeric rating scale (NRS)) in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees during the previous 3 months. Analyses were mutually adjusted for pain regions, age, education, lifestyle, psychosocial work factors, and physical exertion at work. Results During 11-year follow-up, 1035 (11.9%) of the eldercare workers received disability pension. For all body regions among all eldercare workers, dose-response associations were observed between higher pain intensity and risk of disability pension (p < 0.001). The risk for disability pension was increased when reporting “very high” pain levels (≥7 points on the 0–9 NRS) in the low-back (HR 2.19, 95% CI 1.70–2.82), neck/shoulders (HR 2.34, 95% CI 1.88–2.92), and knees (HR 1.89, 95% CI 1.44–2.47). Population attributable risks (PAR) were 15.5, 23.2, and 9.6% for pain > 2 on NRS in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees, respectively, indicating that 15.5, 23.2, and 9.6% fewer eldercare workers would likely receive disability pension if the pain intensity was reduced to 2 or less. For workers ≤45 years and > 45 years, PAR was highest for neck/shoulder pain (27.6%) and low-back pain (18.8%), respectively. Conclusions The present study found positive dose-response associations between pain intensity in the low-back, neck/shoulders, and knees, and risk of disability pension during 11-year follow-up. Moderate to very high levels of musculoskeletal pain in eldercare workers should, therefore, be considered an early warning sign of involuntary premature exit from the labour market. These findings underscore the importance of preventing, managing, and reducing musculoskeletal pain to ensure a long and healthy working life.

Mortality in persons with disability pension due to common mental disorders: A cohort study of Swedish construction workers

2019 ◽  
Vol 48 (8) ◽  
pp. 832-838
Author(s):  
Mia Söderberg ◽  
Linus Schiöler ◽  
Mikael Stattin ◽  
Alex Burdorf ◽  
Bengt Järvholm
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Mental Disorder ◽  
Psychiatric Diagnosis ◽  
Disability Pension ◽  
Common Mental Disorders ◽  
Common Mental Disorder ◽  
Construction Workers ◽  
Relative Risks

Aims: This study investigated mortality in disability pensions due to common mental disorder, and variation over time after first receiving disability pension. Methods: Objectives were explored in 301,863 construction workers (97.2% men) recruited through healthcare examinations from 1971–1993. By linking with the Swedish National Insurance Agency registers, disability pensions until 2014 were identified. Common mental disorder was defined as disability pension diagnosis due to anxiety, stress-related disorders or moderate depression. Mortality was calculated in all-psychiatric diagnosis and diagnostic sub-groups, and compared to persons without disability pensions, using Poisson regression. Additional analyses were stratified by age at follow-up. Results: In total 6030 subjects received disability pensions based on psychiatric diagnoses, and 2624 constituted common mental disorder. Analyses in an all-psychiatric diagnosis displayed increased mortality risks in men (relative risk 3.6; 95% confidence interval 3.3–3.9) and women (relative risk 2.1; 95% confidence interval 1.6–2.6). Common mental disorder was associated with mortality, especially in men (relative risk 2.5; 95% confidence interval 2.2–2.8). Increased relative risks in alcohol and substance abuse were also observed. Results in analyses stratified by age at follow-up displayed persistent high relative risks for mortality in older ages (75–89 years) in men in all-psychiatric disability pensions diagnosis (relative risk 2.8; 95% confidence interval 2.1–3.7) and common mental disorder diagnosis (relative risk 2.6; 95% confidence interval 1.8–3.6), compared to men without disability pensions. Similar results were found in women, but few cases lowered the precision of estimates. Conclusions: This study shows that disability pension based on common mental disorders, often regarded as a ‘lighter’ psychiatric diagnosis, is a risk for early mortality in construction workers, even several years after first receiving disability pension.

scholarly journals The impact of short-term incentives on physical activity in a UK behavioural incentives programme

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cother Hajat ◽  
Ali Hasan ◽  
Shaun Subel ◽  
Adam Noach
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Global Action ◽  
Physical Activity Recommendations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This observational study investigates whether the provision of ongoing short-term-incentives for verified physical activity increases and sustains levels of physical activity. We compared UK members at baseline (years 1 and 2) prior to Vitality’s Active Rewards (VAR) intervention commencing (year 3) and follow-up (year 4) for verified, self-reported (encompassing additional physical activities), mortality relative risk and satisfaction with physical activity. Members were categorised into low-active, medium-active and high-active by tertiles of baseline physical activity. Of 11,881 participants, 6477(54.5%) were male, with mean age 39.7(SD 9.8) years. At follow-up, annual active days had increased by 56% overall [60.8(59.7–61.9)–94.8(93.0–96.5)]; 554% in low-active [8.5(8.3–8.7)–47.1(44.7–49.5)]; 205% in medium-active [39.8(39.4–40.2)–81.4(78.7–84.1)] and 17% in high-active members [131.7(129.9–133.5)–153.7(150.7–156.7)] (all p < 0.001). Annual weeks of attaining international physical activity recommendations increased by 19% overall [22.2(42.8%)–26.4(50.8%)] and by 316% for low-active members [4.9(9.5%)–15.5(29.8%)]. Self-reported active minutes/week increased by 45% overall [1423(139.4–145.2)–207.0(201.8–212.3)] and 712% in low-active members [20.1(19.3–21.0)–143.2(134.6–151.9)]. Happiness with exercise levels also increased from 1985(49.4%) to 3414(84.9%) members (all p < 0.001). The relative risk of mortality from a lack of physical activity reduced by 7% for low-active members [from 0.99 to 0.92], 5% for medium-active [0.94–0.89] and 3% for high-active [0.89–0.86](p < 0.001) and by 0.02% for each additional year of age (p = 0.02). This large-scale, real-world, short-term-incentives intervention led to a dramatic increase in physical activity which was sustained for, and still increasing after, two years. If applied at broader level, this approach could considerably aid progress towards WHO targets in its Global Action Plan for Physical Activity.

Estimates of the Relative Risk of Mortality Based on the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging

1989 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 222-237 ◽  
Author(s):  
John P. Hirdes ◽  
William F. Forbes
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Study ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Income Change ◽  
Independent Variables ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Health Variable

ABSTRACTData from the Ontario Longitudinal Study of Aging were analyzed to examine the associations of the independent variables income, income change, education, smoking and perceived health with the dependent variable mortality during a ten year follow-up beginning in 1969. The analyses investigate the associations of the independent variables with deaths, with other causes of attrition and with all causes of attrition. The results indicate that smoking is the strongest predictor of mortality, and income is the strongest socioeconomic predictor. The analyses also show that perceived health measured prior to the mortality follow-up masks the association between the independent variables and mortality. Since the exclusion of the perceived health variable did not appreciably reduce the fit of the models, it was omitted from further analyses. The distributions of mortality for the various independent variables differed appreciably between models using deaths and all causes, but the bivariate and multivariate associations between variables were relatively unaffected by the alternative methods of operationalizing the dependent variable.

Evaluation of the antitumoral effect sunitinib eluting beads in VX2 liver tumour in a rabbit model.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (4_suppl) ◽  
pp. 247-247
Author(s):  
Pierre E. Bize ◽  
Olivier Jordan ◽  
Katrin Fuchs ◽  
Olivier Dormond ◽  
Rafael Duran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cancer ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Left Liver Lobe ◽  
Antitumoral Effect ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Very High ◽  
Group 1

247 Background: We demonstrated that DC Bead (Biocompatibles UK, Ltd) could be loaded with sunitinib and injected intra-arterially in the rabbit without unexpected toxicity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the antitumoral effect of sunitinib eluting beads in the VX2 tumor model of liver cancer. Methods: VX2 tumors were implanted in the left liver lobe of New-Zealand white rabbits. Animals were assigned to 3 groups: Group 1 (n=6) received 1.5mg of sunitinib loaded in 0.05ml of 100-300um DC Bead, group 2 (n=5) received 0.05ml of 100-300um DC Bead, group 3 (n=5) received 0.05ml NaCl 0.9% in the left hepatic artery. One animal in each group was sacrificed at 24 hours and the others were followed for survival until day 15. Liver enzymes were measured daily. In group 1, plasmatic sunitinib concentration were measured daily by LC MS/MS tandem mass spectroscopy. At day 15 all living animals were sacrificed. After sacrifice, the livers were harvested for determination of the VEGF receptor tyrosine kinase activity by western blot and histopathological examination. Results: In group 1, no animals died during follow-up. In group 2, 2 animals died during follow-up on day x. In control group 3, 3 animals died during follow up on day x. In group 1 plasmatic sunitinib levels remained under therapeutic concentration throughout the experiment. Very high concentrations of sunitinib were measured in the liver tissue 24 and 15 days after embolization. Inhibition of the phosphorylation of the RTK was demonstrated at 24h and 15 days in groups 1. Sunitinib eluting beads seemed to penetrate in the tumor more effectively and there was more necrosis around the beads than their bland counterparts. Conclusions: Administration of sunitinib eluting beads in VX2 carrying rabbits resulted invery high drug concentrations at the site of embolization with minimal systemic passage. Despite the very high tissular sunitinib concentration we did not observe any additional toxicity with loaded beads. Sunitinib eluting beads inhibit the activation of RTK’s triggered by ischemia and seem to prolong survival of the treated animals. Therefore we consider that local treatment with sunitinib may provide a promising approach for the treatment of liver cancer.

EFFECTIVENESS OF INTRAVENOUS THROMBOLYTIC TREATMENT IN ACUTE MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION:SHORT AND MEDIUM TERM PROGNOSIS

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
F Mauri
Keyword(s):  
Relative Risk ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Thrombolytic Treatment ◽  
Medium Term ◽  
Coronary Care ◽  
One Year ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Coronary Care Units

An unblinded trial of intravenous stretokinase in early acute myocardial infarction was planned to study wheter the drug produces a clinically relevant benefit in terms of reduction of in-hospital and one year mortality.11806 pts in one hundred and seventy six coronary care units were enrolled over 17 months.Patients admitted within 12 h after o.nSet of symptons and with no contraindications to SK were randomized to receive SK in addition to usual treatment and complete data were obtained in 11712 for what concerns in hospital prognosis.At 21 days overall hospital mortality was 10.7% in SK recipients versus 13%,in controls,an 18% reduction(p=0.0002,relative risk 0.81).The extent of beneficial effect appears to be a function of time from onset of pain to SK infusion(relative risk 0.74,0.80, 0.87 and 1.19 for the 0-3,3-6,6-9 and 9-12 h subgroups).The data of 1-year follow-up concerning 11605 pts(95.3% of the whole population)were available up to December the 31st.1987.4333 pts out of the SK-treated group(74.0%)and 4219 out of the control one (72.1%)were alive,with a significant difference.These results document that the benefit produced by SK in the hospital period remains substantially unchanged.The differences in mortality in favour of SK vs.C remain highly significant specifically for the 0-3 and 3-6 hrs subgroups and is dramatic for patients treated between one hour from onset of symptoms. 503 out of the 637 treated with SK were alive at 1-year follow-up versus 443 out of 641 control group pts:the amplitude of the benefit seems to be further increased in this particular subgroup.The GISSI results document conclusively that an acute thrombolytic treatment with SK in AMI is effective in reducing mortality not only over the short,but also over the medium period.

P4433Equal cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes mellitus versus rheumatoid arthritis?

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
B B Loegstrup ◽  
T Ellingsen ◽  
A B Pedersen ◽  
B Darvalics ◽  
H E Botker ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Relative Risk ◽  
General Population ◽  
Coronary Revascularization ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Individual Record ◽  
Patients With Diabetes

Abstract Purpose To examine whether the risk of cardiovascular disease (heart failure (HF), ischemic heart disease (IHD), myocardial infarction (MI), and coronary revascularization) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is comparable to the risk in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) and general population. Methods The study included the entire Danish population encompassing about 5.7 million inhabitants. Through individual record linkage of nationwide administrative health registries, the authors identified subjects who developed RA and DM and compared these to a matched general population. The cohorts were followed from 1 January 1995 until December 2016. Results The study population consisted of a cohort of 15,491 RA patients, 309,698 DM patients, and a general population cohort of 77,455 subjects matched by age, sex, and year of diagnosis with the RA cohort. Cumulative incidence for HF, IHD, MI, PCI (percutaneous coronary intervention) and CABG (coronary artery bypass grafting) are shown in figure 1. The adjusted hazard ratio (HR) for diagnosis of HF within the 10-year observational period for RA (1.46; 95% CI 1.34–1.59) and DM (1.86; 95% CI 1.78–1.95) were increased compared to the general population. Comparing the risk of HF within the follow-up period a 21% relative risk (HR 0.79, 95% CI 0.73–0.85) reduction of HF in RA compared to DM patients was observed. The HR for IHD development during the follow-up period for RA (1.36; 95% CI 1.25–1.48) and DM (1.64; 95% CI 1.58–1.72) were increased compared to control group. Comparing the risk of IHD within the follow-up period a 17% relative risk (HR 0.83, 95% CI 0.77–0.89) reduction for IHD development in RA compared to DM patients. The HR for MI was increased both in RA (1.48; 95% CI 1.34–1.63) and DM (1.57; 95% CI 1.49–1.65) compared to the control group, without any statistical difference within RA and DM. According to the coronary revascularization, comparable increased numbers of PCI were observed in RA (1.37; 95% CI 1.22–1.54) and DM (1.50; 95% CI 1.41–1.59) patients compared to control subjects. Interestingly, the HR of coronary by-pass grafting (CABG) for RA (1.20; 95% CI 0.98–1.49) and DM (1.99; 95% CI 1.80–2.19) resulting in an adjusted 39% relative risk (0.61 95% CI 0.50–0.74) reduction for CABG in RA compared to DM patients. Figure 1 Conclusions Patients with RA are at increased risk of cardiovascular disease when compared to the general population although slightly lower than observed among patients with DM. Revascularization with CABG was only increased among DM patients, which likely reflects physician compliance to guidelines recommending CABG in case of multivessel disease among DM patients. Patients with RA should be considered for prophylactic strategies in the same way as recommended for patients with DM.

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