scholarly journals Depoliticising addiction

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Bujalski ◽  
Matilda Hellman ◽  
Jacek Moskalewicz ◽  
Franca Beccaria ◽  
Sara Rolando
Keyword(s):  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Biomedical Sciences ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Common Coding ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
Political Sources ◽  
The Media ◽  
Scientific Expertise ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Over Time

Aims: The article presents an analysis of sources of information employed in mainstream print media reporting on addiction problems in Finland, Italy and Poland in the 1990s and 2000s. Method: A quantitative content analysis of frequency of different sources employed in articles in daily newspapers from Finland ( N = 258), Italy ( N = 296), and Poland ( N = 212) from the years 1991, 1998 and 2011. Semantic units were coded in Atlas.ti. The societal spheres represented were identified using a common coding scheme broadly inspired by Boltanski and Thévenot’s typology of polities of worth. Transformations were identified in line with van Leeuwen’s framework for trends in discourse salience over time. Results: The study highlights different patterns of coverage of addictions in the three countries. Over time, increased salience is given to the individuals affected by addictions and experts who represent biomedical sciences. This process occurred with varying intensity and expressiveness in all countries under study. Conclusions: Social and political sources were employed to less extent over time. The media focus seemed to shift to the affected individuals and scientific expertise. This confirms results from previous studies on a general move towards individualisation and an increased focus on more personal and technical aspects of addiction problems in the mass media.

scholarly journals Newspaper attention and policy activities in Spain

2013 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Chaqués Bonafont ◽  
Frank R. Baumgartner
Keyword(s):  
Policy Process ◽  
Front Page ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Media Attention ◽  
Comprehensive Database ◽  
Media System ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

AbstractSpain's newspapers are characterised by strong partisan identities. We demonstrate that the two leading newspapers nonetheless show powerful similarities in the topics of their coverage over time. The media system is strongly related to the policy process and it shows similar levels of skew (attention focuses on just a few topics) and friction (attention lurches rapidly from topic to topic) as others have shown for policy processes more generally. Further, media attention is significantly related to parliamentary activities. Oral questions in parliament track closely with media attention over time. Our assessment is based on a comprehensive database of all front-page stories (over 95,000 stories) in El País and El Mundo, Spain's largest daily newspapers, and all 7,446 oral questions from 1996 to 2009. The paper shows that explanations of friction and skew in governmental activities should incorporate media dynamics as well. Political leaders are clearly sensitive to media salience.

The gap between here and there: Communication and information processes in the migration context of Syrian and Iraqi refugees on their way to Germany

2018 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anke Fiedler
Keyword(s):  
Refugee Crisis ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Iraqi Refugees ◽  
Personal Network ◽  
Theoretical Concepts ◽  
Information Processes ◽  
Subjective Value ◽  
The Media ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Different Sources

Set against the background of the so-called refugee crisis in Germany in 2015/16, this article asks about the subjective value that refugees give different sources of information and examines whether they were making informed decisions during the various stages of their transit. Between November 2015 and April 2016, four focus groups and 36 in-depth interviews were conducted with Syrian and Iraqi refugees, as well as interviews with Iraqi experts in the media and civil society sectors, based on the theoretical concepts of network and broadcast feedback developed by Bakewell and Jolivet. The results show that, unlike the mass media, personal network and narrowcast feedback were the most important sources of information for the study's participants. While most of the interviewees felt adequately informed both before and during their transit, it was mainly after the refugees arrived in Germany that they experienced a deficit of information.

scholarly journals Benefit-Seeking or Risk-Taking? Examining the Portrayal of Cosmetic Surgery in Chinese News, 2000–2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 48
Author(s):  
Shaojing Sun ◽  
Jinbo He ◽  
Xiaohui Yang ◽  
Fan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Cosmetic Surgery ◽  
Sampled Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Chinese Media ◽  
Coding Scheme ◽  
The Social ◽  
Prior Literature ◽  
The Media ◽  
Time Periods

Analyzing 311 news articles published in representative Chinese newspapers, this study investigated how cosmetic surgery (CS) was represented in Chinese media from 2000 to 2019. Employing a coding scheme based on prior literature and sampled data, the study analyzed both features of the articles and profiles of the patients in the media. Results showed significant differences in media reporting across issue categories, reporting frames (benefit-focused, risk-focused, neutral), sources of information, drivers for and impacts of having surgeries. Among all the reasons for obtaining CS, boosting career confidence was ranked at the top. Additionally, significant differences in reporting were observed across types of the newspapers, gender of the patients, and time periods of the coverage. Implications of the findings for health promotion and regulation were discussed in reference to the social, cultural, and media context in China.

Fuentes informativas en tiempos de Covid-19: Cómo los medios en Chile narraron la pandemia a través de sus redes sociales

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudia Mellado ◽  
Luis Cárcamo-Ulloa ◽  
Amaranta Alfaro ◽  
Daria Inai ◽  
José Isbej
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Social Media ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Political Sources ◽  
Social Media Platforms ◽  
The Media ◽  
Ma Process ◽  
Use Of Social Media ◽  
Over Time

This study analyzes the use of social media sources by nine news outlets in Chile in regard to Covid-19. We identified the most frequently used types of sources, their evolution over time, and the differences between the various social media platforms used by the Chilean media during the pandemic. Specifically, we extracted 838,618 messages published by Chilean media on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter between January and December 2020. An initial machine learning (MA) process was applied to automatically identify 168,250 messages that included keywords that link their content to Covid-19. Based on a list of 2,130 entities, another MA process was used to apply a set of rules based on the appearance of declarative verbs or common expressions used by the media when citing a source, and the use of colons or quotation marks to detect the presence of different types of sources in the news content. The results reveal that Chilean media outlets’ use of different voices on social media broadly favored political sources followed by health, citizen, academic-scientific, and economic ones. Although the hierarchy of the most important sources used to narrate the public health crisis tended to remain stable, there were nuances over time, and its variation depended on key historic milestones. An analysis of the use of sources by each platform revealed that Twitter was the least pluralist, giving space to a more restricted group of voices and intensifying the presence of political sources over the others, particularly citizen sources. Finally, our study revealed significant differences across media types in the use of political, health, and citizen sources, with television showing a greater presence than in other types of media. Resumen Se analiza el uso de fuentes en redes sociales de nueve medios de información de referencia en Chile frente al Covid-19. Se identificaron los tipos de fuentes más utilizados, su evolución en el tiempo, así como las diferencias encontradas entre distintas plataformas de redes sociales de los medios chilenos. Específicamente, se extrajeron 838.618 publicaciones de medios nacionales desde Facebook, Instagram y Twitter entre enero y diciembre de 2020. A ese corpus se aplicó un primer proceso de machine learning (MA) para filtrar automáticamente 168.250 publicaciones que incluían palabras claves que identifican su contenido con el Covid-19. A partir de una lista de 2.130 entidades, se utilizó otro proceso de MA para aplicar un conjunto de reglas basadas en la presencia de verbos declarativos o de expresiones comunes usadas por los medios cuando se cita a una entidad, así como el uso de dos puntos o de comillas, con el objeto de detectar distintos tipos de fuentes en el contenido informativo. Los resultados muestran que el uso que los medios chilenos dieron a distintas voces en sus redes sociales favoreció ampliamente a las fuentes políticas, seguidas por las fuentes de salud, y más desde lejos por las ciudadanas, académico-científicas y económicas. Aunque la jerarquía de las fuentes que se usó para narrar la crisis sanitaria tendió a mantenerse estable, tuvo matices a lo largo del tiempo y su variación dependió de los hitos que marcaron la historia del país. Al analizar el uso de fuentes según plataforma, se observa a Twitter como menos pluralista, dando espacio a un grupo más restringido de voces e intensificando la presencia de las fuentes políticas por sobre las demás; en especial, por sobre las ciudadanas. Finalmente, nuestro estudio reveló diferencias significativas en las fuentes utilizadas por publicaciones de origen televisivo, particularmente en el uso de fuentes políticas, de salud y ciudadanas, las cuales tuvieron una presencia mayor que en los demás tipos de medios

OPINIONS MANIPULATION: MEDIA, POWER AND GOSSIP

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (04) ◽  
pp. 567-586 ◽  
Author(s):  
WALTER QUATTROCIOCCHI ◽  
ROSARIA CONTE ◽  
ELENA LODI
Keyword(s):  
Information Acquisition ◽  
Opinion Dynamics ◽  
Internet Technology ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
The Media ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Media Power ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Different Sources

Despite the increasing diffusion of the Internet technology, TV remains the principal medium of communication. People's perceptions, knowledge, beliefs and opinions about matters of fact get (in)formed through the information reported on by the media. However, a single source of information (and consensus) could be a potential cause of anomalies in the structure and evolution of a society. Hence, as the information available (and the way it is reported) is fundamental for our perceptions and opinions, the definition of conditions allowing for a good information to be disseminated is a pressing challenge. In this paper starting from a report on the last Italian political campaign in 2008, we derive a socio-cognitive computational model of opinion dynamics where agents get informed by different sources of information. Then, a what-if analysis, performed through simulations on the model's parameters space, is shown. In particular, the scenario implemented includes three main streams of information acquisition, differing in both the contents and the perceived reliability of the messages spread. Agents' internal opinion is updated either by accessing one of the information sources, namely media and experts, or by exchanging information with one another. They are also endowed with cognitive mechanisms to accept, reject or partially consider the acquired information.

Girth Welds Integrity Evaluation on a Vintage Gas Pipeline

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro M. Hryciuk ◽  
Jose A. Minellono ◽  
Verónica Domínguez
Keyword(s):  
Gas Pipeline ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Direct Assessment ◽  
Weld Defect ◽  
Potential Failure ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Girth Welds ◽  
Different Sources ◽  
Complete Process ◽  
Over Time

A leak on a girth weld was detected on a 609.6 mm (24 in) diameter transmission gas pipeline while recoating works were being performed. Failure analysis determined that the leak was caused by a pre-existing defect in the girth weld. This pre-existing defect had not been evolving over time. Nonetheless, because of the stress particular condition to which the gas pipeline was subject during the recoating work, the defect destabilized and progressed to failure. In order to reduce the risk of occurrence of similar failures, a total of 27,000 girth welds were individually analyzed, corresponding to a length of 191 kilometers (118 miles) of the same gas pipeline section. The analysis included evaluation of internal inspection runs and girth welds gammagraphs available from the recoating work. Hence, not only was the data analyzed individually, but a comparison of the different sources of information to find a correlation was also performed. Features detected in the analysis were classified and prioritized base on comparison with the failed girth weld defect. Also correspondence with crack like indications was considered. Severity of anomalies was categorized on four levels. A set of the highest severe crack like anomalies with potential failure were selected for direct assessment. The complete process involved the assessment of 399 anomalies in total, revealing cracks on 79 girth welds. Metal reinforcements were installed as permanent repair on 27 girth welds according to repair criteria, and direct assessment findings were used to correlate internal inspection signals with features. This paper discusses the results of the analysis, the field findings, and the actions taken.

scholarly journals If it bleeds, it leads? Changing death coverage in The New Zealand Herald

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyn Barnes ◽  
Elesha Edmonds
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Print Media ◽  
Large Body ◽  
Front Page ◽  
Human Interest ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Media ◽  
Over Time

Death has become more prominent in the news in the past four decades. Articles about a murder or accident, which in the past may have featured on page five or seven of daily newspapers, now often take up all of the front page of The New Zealand Herald. New categories have also emerged, including the threat of death or near death. This is evident from the increase in human interest stories which not only report the details of the incident but also capture emotion. This article follows the increased visibility of death stories on the front page of New Zealand’s largest newspaper, The New Zealand Herald, and investigates how that coverage has changed over time. International scholars have examined the visibility of death in the media closely. However, research is sparse about exactly how this large body of work correlates with New Zealand print media. Therefore, this study aims to close this gap by using content analysis to discuss the prominence of death in The New Zealand Herald over four decades from the 1970s, and the reasons for increased coverage of threats of death or near death.

scholarly journals As doenças mais mortíferas: retratos de um jornalismo que procura promover a saúde = The most deadly diseases: portraits of a journalism that seeks to promote health = Las enfermedades más mortíferas: retratos de un periodismo que busca promover la salud

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sofia Gomes ◽  
Felisbela Lopes
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
Great Part ◽  
Circulatory System ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
The Public ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Know How ◽  
The Media ◽  
Health Journalism ◽  
Medios De Comunicacion

Resumen: Prevenir passa por evitar a doença, no limite, evitar a morte. As doenças que mais matam em Portugal são as doenças do aparelho circulatório e os tumores, segundo os dados do Instituto Nacional de Estatísticas (2016). As primeiras não são prioritárias nos média noticiosos; as segundas suscitam grande interesse (do) público e, por isso, são omnipresentes no discurso mediático. Queremos aqui saber de que modo os jornais generalistas procuram prevenir as doenças que mais matam em Portugal. Porque o jornalismo da saúde é um poderoso meio de informação dos cidadãos e porque aí está grande parte da formação de uma agenda que se estende ao espaço público e consequentemente vai criando quadros de perceção da realidade. Fazemos esse estudo, elegendo a imprensa portuguesa como pano de fundo e a promoção da saúde como ângulo que seleciona os textos que interessam estudar. Para isso, seguimos alguns objetivos concretos: identificar os artigos que abordam as doenças que mais matam; perceber de que modo o fazem; sobre que temáticas se focam estes textos e, por fim, procurámos identificar e caracterizar as fontes de informação citadas nos artigos. De um mundo de 425 artigos noticiosos que falam de prevenção, 88 destacam as doenças do aparelho circulatório e as oncológicas. Os artigos foram retirados dos jornais diários portugueses: Público, Jornal de Notícias, Diário de Notícias e Correio da Manhã. Este artigo parte do princípio de que a prevenção das doenças e a mediatização da morte andam de mãos dadas na imprensa portuguesa e conclui que a prevenção das doenças que mais matam em Portugal é feita de uma forma direta, havendo uma intervenção prévia à doença, que acontece através da mediatização de rastreios ou de um incentivo à vacinação.Palavras-chave: Comunicação em Saúde, Jornalismo em Saúde, prevenção, doenças, morte.Abstract: To prevent is to avoid disease and, on the edge, avoid death. The most deadly diseases in Portugal are related to the circulatory system and to tumors, according to the data of the Statistic Portugal (Portuguese acronym: INE). The first ones are not a priority in the news; however, the second ones arouse great public interest and are omnipresent in the media discourse. We want to know how general newspapers seek to prevent the most deadly diseases in Portugal. Because health journalism is here a powerful mean to inform citizens and because there is a great part of the construction of an agenda that extends to the public space and consequently creates pictures of perception of reality. This is the aim of our study, choosing the Portuguese press as a background and the health promotion as the angle determines the texts to study here. For this, we follow some concrete objectives: to identify the articles that approach the most deadly diseases; to realize how they do it; about which themes these texts focus and, finally, we have tried to identify and characterize the sources of information cited in the articles. In 425 news articles that talk about prevention, 88 highlight diseases of the circulatory system and oncological. The articles were taken from the Portuguese daily newspapers: Público, Jornal de Notícias, Diário de Notícias and Correio da Manhã. This article assumes that the prevention of diseases and the mediatization of death go hand in hand in the Portuguese press and concludes that the prevention of the most deadly diseases in Portugal is done in a direct way, with a previous intervention to the disease, which through the mediation of screening or an incentive to vaccination.Keywords: Health Communication, Health Journalism, prevention, diseases, death. Resumen: Prevenir pasa por evitar la enfermedad y, en el límite, evitar la muerte. Las enfermedades que más matan en Portugal son aquellas relacionadas con el aparato circulatorio y los tumores, según los datos del Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Acrónimo de portugués: INE). Las primeras no son prioritarias para los medios de comunicación; las segundas suscitan gran interés (en el) público y, por lo tanto, son omnipresentes en el discurso mediático. Queremos saber cómo los periódicos generalistas buscan prevenir las enfermedades que más matan. Porque el periodismo de salud es aquí un poderoso medio de información de los ciudadanos y porque ahí está gran parte de la formación de una agenda que se extiende al espacio público y, consecuentemente, va creando cuadros y contextos de percepción de la realidad. Realizamos este estudio, eligiendo la prensa portuguesa como telón de fondo y la promoción de la salud como ángulo que selecciona los textos de estudio de interés. Para esto, seguimos algunos objetivos: identificar los artículos que tratan sobre las enfermedades que más matan; entender cómo el hacer; conocer el foco temático de los textos y, por último, identificar y caracterizar las fuentes de información citadas en los artículos. Un total de 425 artículos hablan de la prevención, 88 ponen de relieve en las enfermedades del sistema circulatorio y las oncológicas. Los artículos fueron extraídos de los diarios portugueses: Público, Jornal de Notícias, Diário de Notícias y Correio da Manhã. Este artículo asume que la prevención de enfermedades y la mediatización de la muerte van de la mano en la mano en la prensa portuguesa y concluye que la prevención de las enfermedades que más matan en Portugal se hace de manera directa, pasando antes de la intervención de la enfermedad, que pasa a través de la mediatización de las proyecciones o incentivo a la vacunación.Palabras clave: Comunicación en Salud, Periodismo en Salud, prevención, enfermedades, muerte.

The Media Conspiracy Behind the Death of Diana, Princess Of Wales: A Study of Critical Discourse Analysis

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Indah Mustika Santhi
Keyword(s):  
Discourse Analysis ◽  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Critical Discourse ◽  
Daily Mail ◽  
Daily Newspapers ◽  
Analysis Theory ◽  
The Media ◽  
Material Process ◽  
Social Level

ABSTRAKPenelitian ini berjudul “The Media Conspiracy Behind the Death of Diana, Princessof Wales: A Study of Critical Discourse Analysis”. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menjelaskanbagaimana kematian Putri Diana direpresentasikan oleh The Daily Mail dalam artikelartikelpemberitaannya melalui dimensi tekstual dan juga memaparkan cara pandang TheDaily Mail sebagai pelaku media konspirasi pada praktik kerjanya terkait berita kematianPutri Diana dalam dimensi sosiokultural. Objek penelitian ini adalah The Daily Mail, salahsatu tabloid harian terbesar di Inggris. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalahmetode kualitatif, analisis deskriptif. Penulis menggunakan teori analisis wacana kritisFairclough (1995), disertai dengan beberapa teori pendukung lainnya, seperti teori klausasebagai representasi Halliday (2004), teori konspirasi Feaster (2008), Birchall (2006),Barkun (2003), Hodapp dan von Kannun (2008). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkanbahwa representasi kematian Putri Diana dalam dimensi tekstual didapat melalui prosesmaterial, proses mental, proses relasional, proses verbal, dan proses eksistensial yangterdapat dalam artikel-artikel The Daily Mail. Sementara itu, cara pandang The Daily Mailsebagai pelaku media konspirasi atas berita kematian Putri Diana didapat melalui prosestataran sosial, tataran institusional, tataran sosial pada dimensi praktik sosiokultural.Kata Kunci: Transitivitas, Analisis Wacana Kritis, Media konspirasi.ABSTRACTThis thesis is entitled “The Media Conspiracy Behind the Death of Diana, Princessof Wales: A Study of Critical Discourse Analysis”. This thesis is aimed to describe therepresentation of Princess Diana’s death and The Daily Mail’s perspective as a mediaconspiracy actor through textual and sociocultural dimension. The object of this thesis isThe Daily Mail, one of the widest national daily newspapers in England. The method that isused in this thesis is a qualitative method, a descriptive analytic method. The writer uses thecritical discourse analysis theory of Fairclough (1995) and some other supported theories,such as clause as representation theory by Halliday (2004), the conspiracy theory by Feaster(2008), Birchall (2006), Barkun (2003), Hodapp and von Kannun (2008). The result of thisresearch shows that the representation in textual dimension that appear on Princess Diana’sdeath is derived from material process, mental process, relational process, verbal process, andexistential process. While The Daily Mail’s perspective on Princess Diana’s death is derivedfrom situational level, institutional level and social level of sociocultural practice dimension.Keywords: Transitivity, Critical Discourse Analysis, Media Conspiracy.

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