Does prior contact with police reduce the likelihood of suicide? Examining the predictive ability of different incident types and the interaction effects

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 148-158 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darren Walton ◽  
Judy Li ◽  
Sonia Barnes ◽  
Rhiannon Newcombe
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Attempted Suicide ◽  
Predictive Ability ◽  
Interaction Effects ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Police Contact ◽  
Prior Contact

This study explores the relationship between prior contact with the police as a victim or person at risk and death by suicide. Findings from this study will improve our understanding of the role the police can have in preventing suicide. The sample comprised working age men who died suddenly in New Zealand during 2007–2011. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the ability of age, ethnicity and prior police contact to predict whether the death was from suicide ( n = 1140) or other causes ( n = 7236). The analysis focused on prior police contact relating to: (1) threatened/attempted suicide, (2) domestic disputes and (3) potential mental health issues. Age, ethnicity and the three prior police contact types all independently predicted suicide. After controlling for demographic variables, prior police contact remained a predictor, with those relating to threatened/attempted suicide having the strongest predictive ability (Adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 6.05, 4.75–7.70). Importantly, interaction effects were found between prior police contact types. The predictive ability of contact relating to threatened/attempted suicide reduced significantly if the person also had prior contact relating to a domestic dispute or potential mental health issue. Consistent with previous research, the main effects reported in this study suggest that the police have a role in suicide prevention. This study also makes a novel contribution by exploring the interaction effects between types of prior contact. Future research may investigate the interaction effects in more depth to reveal the contributing factors that reduce the odds of suicide.

scholarly journals Workers' Decisions to Disclose a Mental Health Issue to Managers and the Consequences

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn S. Dewa ◽  
Jaap van Weeghel ◽  
Margot C. W. Joosen ◽  
Petra C. Gronholm ◽  
Evelien P. M. Brouwers
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Health Issue ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
Effective Interventions ◽  
Disclosure Decisions ◽  
Workplace Stigma

Background: Stigma can be a barrier to accessing effective interventions and work accommodations for mental illnesses. Fear of stigma's concomitant prejudice and discrimination can inhibit workers from asking for help. Thus, it may be important to develop effective interventions addressing workplace stigma. To identify important targets for these interventions, this study addresses three questions: (1) what proportion of workers experiencing mental health issues disclosed their mental health issue to their managers, (2) what factors did they identify as contributing to their disclosure decisions, and (3) what were the consequences of their decisions?Methods: The dataset is comprised of responses from respondents who were randomly drawn from a nationally representative sample of working Dutch adults who completed a web-based survey in February 2018. Respondents indicating they either had or have mental health issues were asked three sets of questions focusing on: (1) Did you disclose your mental health issue to you manager? (2) For what reasons did you disclose/not disclose the issue? (3) What were the consequences of your disclosure decision?Results: About 73% of respondents with lived experience with mental health issues told their managers about their mental health issue. The structure of the survey questions identified four groups of workers who either: (1) disclosed and had a positive experience (64.2%), (2) disclosed and had a negative experience (9.0%), (3) did not disclose and had a positive experience (22.6%), or (4) did not disclose and had a negative experience (4.2%).Conclusion: Our results reflect workers' diverse preferences for disclosing their mental health issues to their managers. Understanding both the factors that contributed to the decision to disclose and the consequences of disclosure decisions could help to better target workplace educational programs and interventions to address workplace stigma. Our findings suggest that addressing workplace stigma may not be as straightforward as requiring all employees to receive anti-stigma education. Rather, education should support workers to make the appropriate disclosure decision based on their workplace contexts. Future research is needed to understand the optimal ways for workers struggling with mental health issues to ask and receive help if they need it.

scholarly journals “I think I have a problem”. Disclosure of mental health difficulties by friends.

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandra Lampard-Scotford
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Young People ◽  
Help Seeking ◽  
Stress And Coping ◽  
Mental Health Issue ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coping Responses ◽  
Mental Health Difficulties ◽  
And Coping

Amidst concerns that the prevalence of young people experiencing a mental health issue is increasing, it is important to understand young people’s responses to mental illness disclosures. Drawing on data from one-on-one interviews with six participants aged between 19 and 22, this paper demonstrates how perceived barriers, age and context changes, and stress and coping responses effect a young person’s response to a mental illness disclosure from friends, and how these responses serve to either prevent or facilitate future help-seeking. Consequently, participants suggested stigma was the most significant impediment to help-seeking behaviours in young people with MHPs. Age and context differences were also highlighted, alongside their effect on the participants’ stress and coping responses to disclosures and perceptions of barriers in mental health. Implications for future research and practice are also outlined.

scholarly journals Mental Health Outcomes in Barcelona: The Interplay between Gentrification and Greenspace

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (17) ◽  
pp. 9314
Author(s):  
Montserrat Zayas-Costa ◽  
Helen V. S. Cole ◽  
Isabelle Anguelovski ◽  
James Connolly ◽  
Xavier Bartoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Benefits ◽  
Mental Health Outcomes ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Effect Modifier ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Health Association ◽  
Mental Health Association

Greenspace is widely related to mental health benefits, but this relationship may vary by social group. Gentrification, as linked to processes of unequal urban development and conflict, potentially impacts health outcomes. This study explores the relationships between greenspace and mental health and between gentrification and mental health associations. It also further examines gentrification as an effect modifier in the greenspace–mental health association and SES as an effect modifier in the gentrification-mental health association. We used cross-sectional Barcelona (Spain) data from 2006, which included perceived mental health status and self-reported depression/anxiety from the Barcelona Health Survey. Greenspace exposure was measured as residential access to (1) all greenspace, (2) greenways and (3) parks in 2006. Census-tract level gentrification was measured using an index including changes in sociodemographic indicators between 1991 and 2006. Logistic regression models revealed that only greenways were associated with better mental health outcomes, with no significant relationship between mental health and parks or all greenspace. Living in gentrifying neighborhoods was protective for depression/anxiety compared to living in non-gentrifying neighborhoods. However, only residents of gentrifiable census tracts benefited from the exposure to greenways. SES was not found to be an effect modifier in the association between gentrification and mental health. Future research should tackle this study’s limitations by incorporating a direct measure of displacement in the gentrification status indicator, accounting for qualitative aspects of greenspace and user’s perceptions. Gentrification may undermine the health benefits provided by greenspace interventions.

scholarly journals PATIENT SATISFACTION WITH TELECONSULTATION DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC: A DESCRIPTIVE STUDY FOR MENTAL HEALTH CARE IN MALAYSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
Elza Othman ◽  
Vincent Giampietro ◽  
Mahadzirah Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Patient Satisfaction ◽  
Mental Health Care ◽  
Health Care Providers ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Care Providers ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Level Of Satisfaction

The recent novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak has led health care providers to shift rapidly from on-site consultation towards teleconsultation. However, knowledge about patient satisfaction with teleconsultation, particularly for mental health care, is limited and demands further investigation. This study aimed to evaluate patient satisfaction with teleconsultation in mental health care during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also aimed to identify the leading contributing factors to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation. A convenience sampling method was employed. An online survey was conducted between June 8 and August 3, 2020. A 14-item questionnaire was used to assess the patient's level of satisfaction in four domains of satisfaction. A total of 106 questionnaires were received. Respondents reported a high level of satisfaction with teleconsultation. The convenience of not having to travel to the health center for consultation was the leading contributing factor to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation. However, patients reported that they were least satisfied with teleconsultation because they could not express their feelings deeply to the provider. The current study provides preliminary evidence that teleconsultation may be a satisfactory mode of communication during the COVID-19 pandemic for mental health care in Malaysia. Most importantly, consultation in mental health care should carry on to be performed remotely to prevent the spread of infectious disease. Future research is warranted to provide a better understanding of other factors contributing to patient satisfaction with teleconsultation and ways to improve them.  

scholarly journals Why They Did It? Sex Differences in the Impact of Mental Health and Substance Use on Motivations for Offending

2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 723-757 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica M. Craig ◽  
Angie D. Wilson ◽  
Michael T. Baglivio ◽  
Kevin T. Wolff ◽  
Alex R. Piquero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Adjudicated Youth ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
Mental Health Issues ◽  
The Impact

This study examined how mental health issues and substance use relate to motivations for offending among a large sample of adjudicated youth who completed a community-based placement in a large southeastern state ( n = 18,749). The extent to which these relationships differed by sex was also considered. Multinomial logistic regression models revealed that although both mental health issues and substance use were related to a variety of reasons for offending, these relationships differed and did not appear to influence one another. In addition, findings revealed that mental health issues and substance use have differential effects on reasons for offending across sex. Treatment implications are highlighted along with suggestions for future research.

Differences in Suicidal Thoughts and Behaviors Among Three Racial Groups

Crisis ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-178
Author(s):  
Brooke A. Ammerman ◽  
Martha K. Fahlgren ◽  
Kristen M. Sorgi ◽  
Michael S. McCloskey
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Racial Groups ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Assessment Procedures ◽  
Suicidal Thoughts And Behaviors

Abstract. Background: Despite being a major public health concern, it is unclear how suicidal thoughts and behaviors differentially impact separate racial groups. Aims: The aim of the current study was to examine the occurrence of nonlethal suicide events, in addition to suicide attempt characteristics and factors contributing to suicide attempts. Method: A final sample of 7,094 undergraduates from a large northeastern university, identifying as members of three racial groups (White [67.30%], Black [17.30%], and Asian [15.40%]), completed online questionnaires. Results: White participants reported increased likelihood of endorsing lifetime suicidal ideation and plan, whereas Black participants reported decreased likelihood of these events; no differences were found in rates of lifetime suicide attempts. Black participants' suicidal behavior may involve greater ambivalence of intent. A higher proportion of Asian participants endorsed interpersonal factors as contributing to their suicide attempts, whereas a greater percentage of White participants reported internal contributing factors. Limitations: Findings are limited by the sample size and assessment of lifetime suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Conclusion: The findings present a more nuanced look at attitudes and actions related to suicidal thoughts and behaviors that may inform future research and risk assessment procedures.

Suicide after Deployment in UN Peacekeeping Missions—A Danish Pilot Study

Crisis ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Hansen-Schwartz ◽  
G. Jessen ◽  
K. Andersen ◽  
H.O. Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prevention Strategies ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Un Peacekeeping ◽  
Peacekeeping Missions

Summary: This pilot study looks at the frequency of suicide among Danish soldiers who took part in the UN mandated forces (UNMF) during the 1990's. In a contingent of nearly 4000 Danish UN soldiers four suicides were documented, two of whom committed suicide less than one month before deployment and two who committed suicide within a year after discharge from mission. Contributing factors, prevention strategies, and implications for future research are discussed.

Physical and Psychological Benefits of Written Emotional Expression

2015 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 242-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Éva Kállay
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Expressive Writing ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Psychological Benefits ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Meta Analyses

Abstract. The last several decades have witnessed a substantial increase in the number of individuals suffering from both diagnosable and subsyndromal mental health problems. Consequently, the development of cost-effective treatment methods, accessible to large populations suffering from different forms of mental health problems, became imperative. A very promising intervention is the method of expressive writing (EW), which may be used in both clinically diagnosable cases and subthreshold symptomatology. This method, in which people express their feelings and thoughts related to stressful situations in writing, has been found to improve participants’ long-term psychological, physiological, behavioral, and social functioning. Based on a thorough analysis and synthesis of the published literature (also including most recent meta-analyses), the present paper presents the expressive writing method, its short- and long-term, intra-and interpersonal effects, different situations and conditions in which it has been proven to be effective, the most important mechanisms implied in the process of recovery, advantages, disadvantages, and possible pitfalls of the method, as well as variants of the original technique and future research directions.

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