The Most Important Thing That Ever Happened: Big, Bad Data and the Doubling of Human Life Expectancy

2021 ◽  
pp. 153851322110137
Author(s):  
Stephen Berry
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Death Registration ◽  
Germ Theory ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Good Data ◽  
Bad Data

The global doubling of human life expectancy between 1850 and 1950 is arguably the most important thing that ever happened, undergirding massive improvements in human life and lifestyles while also contributing to insectageddons, septic oceans, and collapsing ecosystems. The story of that global doubling is typically told as a series of medical breakthroughs—Jenner and vaccination, Lister and antisepsis, Snow and germ theory, and Fleming and penicillin—but the lion’s share of the credit belongs to urban planning based upon good data. Until we had sophisticated systems of death registration, we could not conceive of the health problems we were facing, much less solve them. Today, the greatest threat we face is not disease but data denial.

scholarly journals PERAN KOMUNIKASI INTERPERSONAL UNTUK MEWUJUDKAN KESEHATAN MENTAL BAGI KONSELI

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulin Nihaya
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Needs Assessment ◽  
Interpersonal Communication ◽  
Information Needs ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Associated Symptoms ◽  
Individual Information

Health for human life becomes a very important thing. Health is not only in the form of physically healthy, but also spiritually healthy in  a  mental sense. Diseases caused by mental health can be handled by interpersonal communication through behavioristik counseling. Interpersonal communication is to obtain individual information needs assessment, associated symptoms of mental health problems experienced by the counselee. Furthermore, the application of behavioristic therapy in the context of healthy mental growth in individuals with counseling step.<br /><br />--------------------------------------------------------------------------<br /><br />Kesehatan bagi kehidupan manusia menjadi hal yang sangat penting. Kesehatan tidak hanya dalam bentuk yang sehat secara fisik, tetapi juga sehat rohani dalam arti mental. Penyakit yang disebabkan oleh kesehatan mental dapat ditangani oleh komunikasi interpersonal melalui konseling behavioristik. Komunikasi interpersonal adalah untuk mendapatkan informasi pribadi penilaian kebutuhan, gejala terkait masalah kesehatan mental yang dialami oleh konseli. Selanjutnya, penerapan terapi behavioristik dalam konteks pertumbuhan mental yang sehat pada individu dengan tahap konseling.

scholarly journals Water Quality and Life Expectancy: Parallel Courses in Time

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 752
Author(s):  
Andreas N. Angelakis ◽  
Heikki S. Vuorinen ◽  
Christos Nikolaidis ◽  
Petri S. Juuti ◽  
Tapio S. Katko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Life Quality ◽  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Improved Sanitation ◽  
Ancient Times ◽  
Concomitant Factors

Since ancient times, the need for healthy water has resulted in the development of various kinds of water supply systems. From early history, civilizations have developed water purification devices and treatment methods. The necessity for fresh water has influenced individual lives as well as communities and societies. During the last two hundred years, intensive and effective efforts have been made internationally for sufficient water quantity and quality. At the same time, human life expectancy has increased all over the globe at unprecedented rates. The present work represents an effort to sketch out how water purity and life expectancy have entangled, thus influencing one another. Water properties and characteristics have directly affected life quality and longevity. The dramatic increase in life expectancy has been, indisputably, affected by the improvement in water quality, but also in other concomitant factors, varying temporally and spatially in different parts of the world throughout the centuries. Water technologies and engineering have an unequivocal role on life expectancy. In some cases, they appear to have taken place earlier than the progress of modern medicine. Among these, improved sanitation, personal hygiene, progress in medicine, and better standards of economic living have played the greatest roles.

scholarly journals Organizational communication; a conceptual framework

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Widodo Winarso
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Organizational Communication ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Body Language ◽  
Organizational Adaptation ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Good Communication

Communication is a very important skill in human life, where we can see communication can occur in every human step. Humans are social beings who depend on each other and are independent and interrelated with others in their environment. The only means to be able to connect with others in their environment is communication both verbally and non verbally (body language and cues are widely understood). Communication is one important thing to support the success of the organization both in improving organizational performance and organizational adaptation to any changes in the existing environment. Through good communication between individuals and parties directly involved in organizations and outside the organization, organizations can obtain the necessary information

scholarly journals An Evaluation of Urban Open Spaces in Larisa, Greece

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 66
Author(s):  
Charalampos Kyriakidis ◽  
Efthimios Bakogiannis
Keyword(s):  
Urban Planning ◽  
Questionnaire Survey ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Urban Mobility ◽  
Open Spaces ◽  
Electronic Questionnaire ◽  
People’S Perception ◽  
Sustainable Urban Mobility

A great deal of researchers elaborated on the importance of the urban spaces and human life. Urban spaces are necessary types of spaces for a city and they have a timeless value. This research is focused on people’s perception about urban spaces in Larisa, Greece, a medium-sized city selected as case study. An electronic questionnaire survey was conducted and conclusions are drawn on how adequate are the urban spaces in Larisa. Moreover, people are asked to propose ideas on how other spaces, function more as urban gaps, can be integrated on the urban grid. In that way, it is easy to study what people believe about the city’s life and how the existing urban spaces function. Some conclusions derived from this research can be also useful in succeeding a combined traffic and urban planning in other Greek, in the context of the implementation of a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan (SUMP).

Rehabilitation and return to work

2019 ◽  
pp. 207-228
Author(s):  
Danny Wong
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Return To Work ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Disability Benefits ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Assessment Programme ◽  
Models Of Disability ◽  
Returning To Work ◽  
The Relationship

Rehabilitation and return to work is not a straightforward clinical problem of assessment, diagnosis, and treatment. The chapter explores the concept of worklessness and its impact on life expectancy, what barriers there are in returning to work, why work is good for health, and the relationship between work and health. Common work-related health problems are explored along with disability benefits and most prominent health problems in this area. The chapter details the current UK government system of assessing fitness via the Employment and Support Allowance assessment programme. Models of disability are discussed, focusing on the biopsychosocial model and psychosocial flag system. Workplace management including current UK initiatives of the ‘fit note’ and ‘Fit for Work Scheme’ are further explored. Common workplace adjustments that may assist in a return to work are explored.

scholarly journals The discounted money value of human lives lost due to COVID-19 in Spain

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (5) ◽  
pp. 455-460
Author(s):  
Joses Muthuri Kirigia ◽  
Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Discount Rate ◽  
Economic Model ◽  
Net Present Value ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Human Life ◽  
National Health System ◽  
Agriculture Education ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Value Of Health

PurposeTo estimate the discounted money value of human lives lost (DMVHL) due to COVID-19 in Spain.Design/methodology/approachThe study employs the human capital approach to estimate the DMVHL (assuming Spain's life expectancy of 83 years and a 3% discount rate) of the 20,453 human lives lost in Spain from COVID-19 as of 19 April 2020. Sensitivity analysis was conducted alternately assuming (a) 5% and 10% discount rate; and (b) global life expectancy of 72 years, and the world's highest life expectancy of 87.1 years.FindingsThe 20,453 human lives lost due to COVID-19 had a total DMVHL of Int$ 9,629,234,112, and an average of Int$ 470,798 per human life lost. Alternate re-estimation of the economic model with a 5% and 10% discount rates led to 19.8% and 47.4% reductions in the DMVHL, respectively. Re-calculation of the economic model using the global life expectancy of 72 years, while holding the discount rate constant at 3%, diminished the DMVHL by 41%. While the re-run of the same model using the world's highest life expectancy of 87.1 years instead, it increased the DMVHL by 18%.Research limitations/implicationsThe study omits the value of health systems inputs used in preventing, diagnosing and treating COVID-19 cases; and the negative impact of COVID-19 on the agriculture, education, finance, manufacturing, travel, tourism, and trade sectors.Social implicationsThere is a need to use this kind of evidence to advocate for increased investments into the strengthening of the national health system, IHR capacities, and coverage of safe water and sanitation facilities.Originality/valueIn Spain, no other study had attempted to estimate the net present value of human lives lost from COVID-19.

scholarly journals The AgeGuess database, an open online resource on chronological and perceived ages of people aged 5–100

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia A. Barthold Jones ◽  
Ulrik W. Nash ◽  
Julien Vieillefont ◽  
Kaare Christensen ◽  
Dusan Misevic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Biological Age ◽  
Ageing Process ◽  
Birth Cohorts ◽  
Online Resource ◽  
Human Ageing ◽  
Perceived Age ◽  
Citizen Science Project

Abstract In many developed countries, human life expectancy has doubled over the last 180 years. Underlying this higher life expectancy is a change in how we age. Biomarkers of ageing are used to quantify changes in the aging process and to determine biological age. Perceived age is such a biomarker that correlates with biological age. Here we present a unique database rich with possibilities to study the human ageing process. Using perceived age enables us to collect large amounts of data on biological age through a citizen science project, where people upload facial pictures and guess the ages of other people at www.ageguess.org. The data on perceived age we present here span birth cohorts from the years 1877 to 2012. The database currently contains around 220,000 perceived age guesses. Almost 4500 citizen scientists from over 120 countries of origin have uploaded ~4700 facial photographs. Beyond studying the ageing process, the data present a wealth of possibilities to study how humans guess ages and who is better at guessing ages.

Significance to human health of carbamazepine detected in fruits and vegetables irrigated with recycled water

2016 ◽  
Vol 75 (5) ◽  
pp. 1059-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahman Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Food Crops ◽  
Acceptable Daily Intake ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
The Individual

The relevance and significance of the findings of chemicals of emerging concern at nanogram concentrations in recycled water is critically important for the consumers of these crops. The relevance and significance of these chemicals at these concentrations is placed in perspective in terms of the number of years of consumption necessary to accrue one acceptable daily intake every day, over a lifetime, specifically for carbamazepine. In this paper, the number of years is calculated and found to far exceed the maximum human life expectancy, even assuming that the individual consumes a mix of fruits and vegetables irrigated with recycled water throughout an 80-year life span, excluding other food crops free from carbamazepine.

Mapping Community Concerns About Radical Extensions of Human Life Expectancy

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. W4-W5
Author(s):  
Brad Partridge ◽  
Wayne Hall ◽  
Jayne Lucke ◽  
Mair Underwood ◽  
Helen Bartlett
Keyword(s):  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Human Life

scholarly journals Inborn errors of immunity to infection

2005 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 197-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean-Laurent Casanova ◽  
Laurent Abel
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Natural Selection ◽  
Life Expectancy ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Human History ◽  
Inborn Errors ◽  
Inborn Errors Of Immunity ◽  
Human Life Span

The immune system's function is to protect against microorganisms, but infection is nonetheless the most frequent cause of death in human history. Until the last century, life expectancy was only ∼25 years. Recent increases in human life span primarily reflect the development of hygiene, vaccines, and anti-infectious drugs, rather than the adjustment of our immune system to coevolving microbes by natural selection. We argue here that most individuals retain a natural vulnerability to infectious diseases, reflecting a great diversity of inborn errors of immunity.

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