Surface EMG Recordings as a Risk Assessment Tool for Musculoskeletal Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-541-5-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Westgaard
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Increased Risk

Injury models for musculoskeletal disorders are considered. It is suggested that several injury mechanisms may coexist in the same body region. This has implications for data reduction procedures used in risk evaluation by surface EMG (SEMG). Biomechanical exposure as an injury risk may conceptually be characterized by the three exposure dimensions: amplitude, duration and repetitiveness. The time dimension has become increasingly important since many work tasks are performed at low exposure amplitude. For practical purposes, static activity levels higher than 2% EMGmax appear to signify increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders. However, a lower activity level does not guarantee good health, as risk factors apparently unrelated to muscle activity also exist. Mental stress may be one such risk factor.

scholarly journals Bleeding severity in patients with rare bleeding disorders: real-life data from the RBiN study

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (20) ◽  
pp. 5025-5034
Author(s):  
Joline L. Saes ◽  
Marieke J. A. Verhagen ◽  
Karina Meijer ◽  
Marjon H. Cnossen ◽  
Roger E. G. Schutgens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Severe Bleeding ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Bleeding Disorders ◽  
Factor Activity ◽  
Threshold Factor ◽  
Baseline Factor ◽  
Bleeding Severity

Abstract Patients with hereditary rare bleeding disorders (RBDs) present with diverse hemorrhagic symptoms. Correlation between factor activity levels and clinical bleeding severity is poor for most RBDs. Threshold factor activity levels have been previously described in relation to bleeding severity but have not yet been validated. The Rare Bleeding Disorders in the Netherlands (RBiN) study is a nationwide cross-sectional study of patients registered in all 6 Dutch Haemophilia Treatment Centers with a known RBD and who are age 1 to 99 years. Bleeding scores were determined, and laboratory and clinical data were extracted from patient files. In all, 263 patients were included, of whom 202 (77%) attended the scheduled study visit. The median International Society of Thrombosis and Haemostasis (ISTH) bleeding assessment tool (BAT) score was 9. Correlations between baseline factor activity levels and ISTH BAT scores were strong for deficiencies in factor II (FII) (r = –0.792) and FX (r = –0.838) and were moderate for deficiencies of fibrinogen (r = –0.683), FV (r = –0.623), FVII (r = –0.516), FXIII (r = –0.516), and α2-antiplasmin (r = –0.594). There was no correlation for FXI deficiency (r = –0.218). The RBD BAT identified more women (94% vs 83%) and children (100% vs 71%) with an RBD than the ISTH BAT did. Importantly, 48% of patients had more severe bleeding than predicted for their baseline factor activity level. In addition, 34% of patients were predicted to be asymptomatic, but they actually had grade 2 (31%) or 3 (3%) bleeding. Bleeding severity in patients with RBDs is more pronounced than previously anticipated. The previously determined threshold factor activity levels to ensure no (spontaneous) bleeding in patients with an RBD are inaccurate. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as #NCT03347591.

scholarly journals O8B.1 Risk of heat related illness in latino agricultural workers: environmental temperature and activity levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A71.3-A72
Author(s):  
Marc Schenker ◽  
Diane Mitchell ◽  
Tracey Armitage ◽  
Daniel Tancredi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Piece Rate ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender

IntroductionFarmworkers are at risk of heat related illness (HRI). The main contributors are thought to be environmental temperatures and activity levels, but the association has not been objectively assessed.MethodsCalifornia farmworkers were monitored for one work-shift each in the summers of 2014 and 2015. Interviewers recorded personal and demographic information. Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was collected in minute intervals over the shift as were accelerometer activity data from each participant. This data was grouped into physiologically meaningful 15 min increments, with the average used for analysis. Data from the previous 15 min were used to predict current activity. Generalized Additive Modeling was used to determine the form of the association between WBGT and activity level. This information was used to build an appropriate repeated measures model including demographics and work-related attributes.ResultsFinal analyses included 318 Latina/o farmworkers. Only 70 subjects (22%) were a healthy BMI, and 115 subjects (36%) were considered obese (BMI ≥30). None were underweight. The majority of participants were paid hourly (n=233, 73%) as opposed to piece-rate (n=85, 27%). Activity counts averaged 452, or a low intensity activity level. In the final repeat measures model, work activity was inversely associated with WBGT, for every oC increase in WBGT activity decreased by 4.5 counts (95% CI 1.2–7.6) P 0.01. Other independent negative associations with activity were found with age and male gender. An interaction was found between piece-rate workers and gender. Male piece rate workers did not decrease activity levels with WBGT, but females and hourly paid workers did.ConclusionIn general, farmworkers decrease their work activity with increasing environmental heat. Men, especially piece-rate workers are less likely to decrease their activity levels putting them at increased risk of HRI.

Incidence and risk factors for pressure injuries in adults in specialised medical care: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 945-953
Author(s):  
Sanna Stoltenberg ◽  
Jaana Kotila ◽  
Anniina Heikkilä ◽  
Tarja Kvist ◽  
Kristiina Junttila
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Conflicts Of Interest ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Pressure Injury ◽  
Hospital Stays

Introduction: Hospital-acquired pressure injuries are one of the most important indicators of quality patient care. It is important to identify high-risk patients to guide the implementation of appropriate prevention strategies. This can be done by using an assessment tool that covers the main risk factors for pressure injuries. Aim: The purpose of the study was to describe the incidence of pressure injuries and the associated risk factors among patients assessed with the Prevent Pressure Injury (PPI) risk assessment tool developed by the Helsinki University Hospital. Method: The study was conducted by selecting six wards from medical, surgical and neurological units. The target group were the patients being treated in the study units who gave their informed consent. The research data were retrieved from electronic patient records. Results: From the target group, 332 patients were eligible to participate in the study. The pressure injury risk was found to increase with longer hospital stays and older age. Surgical patients had an increased risk of pressure injuries compared to other specialty fields. A primary diagnosis of musculoskeletal or connective tissue disease, and secondary diagnoses of hypertension and cerebral haemorrhage, were linked with an increased pressure injury risk. A total of nine pressure injuries occurred in nine patients, with an incidence of 2.5% (stages II−IV). Conclusion: The observation and recording of pressure injuries in specialised medical care remain insufficient. Longer hospital stays, older age and surgery increase pressure injury risk. Also, patients' primary and secondary diagnoses may increase the pressure injury risk. Declaration of interest: The authors have no conflicts of interest to declare.

PREVALENCE AND RISK FACTORS OF SELF-REPORTED MUSCULOSKELETAL DISORDERS AMONG LOW RESOURCED URBAN COMMUNITY DWELLERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 2150018
Author(s):  
Mukadas O. Akindele ◽  
Abba Shehu ◽  
Ushotanefe Useh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Physical Activity Level ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorder ◽  
Urban Community ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Low Back ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Background: Musculoskeletal disorders are prevalent in communities across the world and their impact is affecting people in almost all occupational settings. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of self-reported musculoskeletal disorders among urban dwellers, Kano metropolis. Method: A total of 206 participants were recruited using a stratified sampling technique in a cross-sectional survey. The data was collected using a standard Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire (NMQ) and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) to measure work-related musculoskeletal disorders and physical activity levels of the participants. Results: The results showed that the majority of the participants (63.9%) were males and 36.9% were females between the ages of 18 and 65 years, with the majority of them between 18 and 34 years, singles and self-employed. Also, the majority of the participants had moderate physical activity levels, normal body mass index and low risk of cardiovascular diseases using the waist to hip ratio classifications. About 78.2% of the participants reported 12-month musculoskeletal disorders while 37.4% reported 7-day musculoskeletal disorders. Low back was the most common site affected by 45.6% of the respondents. Also, the result showed no significant relationship between 12-month musculoskeletal disorder and BMI, physical activity level and waist/hip ratio but a relationship between 7 Days musculoskeletal disorder and BMI, physical activity level and waist/hip ratio. Conclusion: It was concluded that there was a high prevalence of musculoskeletal disorders among urban community dwellers in Kano metropolis, with low back pain the most reported while upper back has the least prevalence. Clinical Rehabilitation Impact: There was a high prevalence of WMSD among the general populace irrespective of the sociodemographic affiliations. Lower back was the most reported anatomical site among our participants. Men had a higher number of WMSD than women. There was an association between WMSD and WHR and BMI. Excess weight management might be helpful especially in individuals with high BMI and WHR.

The Accuracy of the Functional Movement Screen to Identify Individuals With an Elevated Risk of Musculoskeletal Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 360-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kirk Krumrei ◽  
Molly Flanagan ◽  
Josh Bruner ◽  
Chris Durall
Keyword(s):  
Injury Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Elevated Risk ◽  
Functional Movement Screen ◽  
Clinical Scenario ◽  
Clinical Question ◽  
Functional Movement ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Risk Of Injury ◽  
Increased Risk

Clinical Scenario:Injuries are somewhat commonplace in highly active populations. One strategy for reducing injuries is to identify individuals with an elevated injury risk before participation so that remediative interventions can be provided. Preparticipation screenings have traditionally entailed strength and flexibility measures thought to be indicative of inflated injury risk. Some researchers, however, have suggested that functional movements/tasks should be assessed to help identify individuals with a high risk of future injury. One assessment tool used for this purpose is the Functional Movement Screen (FMS). The FMS generates a numeric score based on performance attributes during 7 dynamic tasks; this score is purported to reflect future injury risk. Expanding interest in the FMS has led researchers to investigate how accurately it can identify individuals with an increased risk of injury.Focused Clinical Question:Can the Functional Movement Screen accurately identify highly active individuals with an elevated risk of injury?

Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital, Ghana

2021 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 1291-1294
Author(s):  
Woyram Abla Kofi- Bediako ◽  
Gideon Sama ◽  
Cosmos Yarfi ◽  
Delali Ed-Bansah ◽  
Augustine Appah Acquah
Keyword(s):  
Back Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Teaching Hospital ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders

Nurses are at an increased risk of work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) especially in developing countries, where the use of assistive technology to minimize the adverse effects of manual handling and poor patient lifting are lacking. A cross-sectional study design was used to evaluate the prevalence of WRMSDs among nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital in Ghana using the Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire. Results indicated a 94% prevalence of WRMSDs, with a significantly higher (p=0.031) prevalence in females (97%) than males (87%). Age and working hours were significantly associated with MSDs (p=0.048, p=0.001, respectively). The most prevalent WRMSDs by body region were low back pain (73.3%), upper back pain (55.7%), ankle/feet pain (55.0%), and neck pain (35.5%). A high prevalence of WRMSDs exist among nurses at the Ho Teaching Hospital. A detailed assessment of ergonomic exposures among nurses in Ho is warranted to better understand the causes of WRMSDs among this population.

scholarly journals Levels of Physical Activity and Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders Among Physicians in Saudi Arabia Post COVID-19 Lockdown: An Epidemiological Cross-Sectional Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 215013272110403
Author(s):  
Reem S. AlOmar
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Moderate Activity ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Physical Activity Levels

Introduction: Musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs) are common worldwide. Recommendations to reduce discomfort often commence with increasing physical activity levels. In Saudi Arabia, levels of physical activity prior to the COVID-19 pandemic were low. This cross-sectional study aims at estimating the prevalence of MSDs among Saudi physicians, as well as determining the pattern and level of physical activity post lockdown and examining their association. Methods: Physical activity levels were assessed via the International Physical Activity Questionnaire and MSDs were assessed via the Nordic Musculoskeletal Questionnaire. Chi-squared tests with significance levels of <.05 were performed to explore bivariate associations. Unadjusted and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) along with their 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were given by binary logistic regression analyses. Results: A total of 3492 physicians participated in this study, and over half of them (63.55%) reported low physical activity. Risk of MSDs increased with aging and with increasing BMI ( P for trend <.05). Females were more likely to report MSDs (OR = 1.23, 95% CI = 1.07-1.86), as well as physicians with a chronic condition (OR = 1.52, 95% CI = 1.24-1.37) and those who work in shifts (OR = 1.18, 95% CI = 1.03-1.37). Moderate activity conferred a non-significant protective effect (OR = 0.95, 95% CI = 0.79-1.13), whilst high physical activity had a non-significant increased risk of MSDs in this population. Conclusion: Physical activity in this population is astonishingly low, while prevalence of MSDs is relatively high. Significant factors include age, sex, shift work, and the presence of chronic conditions. Current results warrant the consideration of preventive measures for physicians.

Musculoskeletal Injury Risk After Sport-Related Concussion: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (7) ◽  
pp. 1754-1762 ◽  
Author(s):  
April L. McPherson ◽  
Takashi Nagai ◽  
Kate E. Webster ◽  
Timothy E. Hewett
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Return To Sport ◽  
Physical Symptoms ◽  
Primary Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: Clinical management of sport-related concussion typically involves a symptom checklist, clinical examination of mental status, and neurocognitive testing. However, recent studies have identified unresolved, impaired sensorimotor function after athletes return to sport. A review and meta-analysis of all current literature regarding risk of subsequent musculoskeletal (MSK) injury after concussion has yet to be published in the medical literature. Purpose/Hypothesis: To determine the odds that athletes will sustain MSK injury after concussion. It was hypothesized a priori that concussion would increase the risk for MSK injury. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Methods: PubMed and Google Scholar were searched from January 2000 to November 2017. Reference lists of the included studies were manually searched. Two reviewers independently searched the literature for studies published in English that reported MSK injury after athletes returned to play following a concussion. Two independent reviewers completed data extraction using PRISMA guidelines and assessed study quality using the Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies from the National Institutes of Health. Random effects meta-analyses were used to calculate odds ratio (OR) and incidence rate ratio (IRR) of MSK injury after concussion. The primary study outcome of interest was the number of athletes who sustained MSK injury after concussion. Results: Eight studies met inclusion criteria for meta-analysis. Meta-analysis results indicated that athletes who had a concussion had 2 times greater odds of sustaining a MSK injury than athletes without concussion (OR, 2.11; 95% CI, 1.46-3.06). In addition, athletes with concussion demonstrated a higher incidence of MSK injury after return to sport compared with nonconcussed athletes (IRR, 1.67; 95% CI, 1.42-1.96). Further analysis showed that both male and female athletes with concussion were at an increased risk of MSK injury compared with their respective same-sex, nonconcussed controls (OR > 1.56, P < .01). Conclusion: Based on the evidence of higher risk of MSK injuries after concussion, standard clinical assessments for athletes with concussion should include not only physical symptoms and cognitive function before return to sport but also neuromuscular risk factors associated with increased risk for MSK injuries.

scholarly journals Perceived Health among Adolescent and Young Adult Survivors of Childhood Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 825-836
Author(s):  
Morgan Young-Speirs ◽  
Caitlin Forbes ◽  
Michaela Patton ◽  
K. Brooke Russell ◽  
Mehak Stokoe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Childhood Cancer ◽  
Health Resources ◽  
Adult Survivors ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Adolescent And Young Adult ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Survivors Of Childhood Cancer

Survivors of childhood cancer (SCCs) are at increased risk of late effects, which are cancer- and treatment-related side-effects that are experienced months to years post-treatment and encapsulate a range of physical, cognitive and emotional problems including secondary malignancies. Perceived health can serve as an indicator of overall health. This study aims to (1) understand how a patient reported outcome (PRO) of perceived health of SCCs compares to controls who have not had a cancer diagnosis and (2) examine the relationships between perceived health and demographic and clinical variables, and health behavior. A total of 209 SCCs (n = 113 (54.10%) males; median age at diagnosis = 6.50 years; median time off treatment = 11.10 years; mean age at study = 19.00 years) were included. SCCs completed annual assessments as part of Long-Term Survivor Clinic appointments, including a question on perceived health answered on a five-point Likert scale. Data were collected retrospectively from medical charts. Perceived health of SCCs was compared to a control group (n = 836) using data from the 2014 Canadian Community Health Survey. Most SCCs (67%) reported excellent or very good health. The mean perceived health of SCCs (2.15 ± 0.91) was not statistically different from population controls (2.10 ± 0.87). Pain (B = 0.35; p < 0.001), physical activity (B = −0.39; p = 0.013) and concerns related to health resources (B = 0.59; p = 0.002) were significant predictors of perceived health. Factors shown to influence SCCs’ perceived health may inform interventions. Exploration into how SCCs develop their conception of health may be warranted.

scholarly journals Later sleep timing predicts accelerated summer weight gain among elementary school children: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennette P. Moreno ◽  
Javad Razjouyan ◽  
Houston Lester ◽  
Hafza Dadabhoy ◽  
Mona Amirmazaheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Observational Study ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Obesity Prevention ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Light Exposure ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
School Year ◽  
Children’S Sleep

Abstract Objectives and background Social demands of the school-year and summer environment may affect children’s sleep patterns and circadian rhythms during these periods. The current study examined differences in children’s sleep and circadian-related behaviors during the school-year and summer and explored the association between sleep and circadian parameters and change in body mass index (BMI) during these time periods. Methods This was a prospective observational study with 119 children ages 5 to 8 years with three sequential BMI assessments: early school-year (fall), late school-year (spring), and beginning of the following school-year in Houston, Texas, USA. Sleep midpoint, sleep duration, variability of sleep midpoint, physical activity, and light exposure were estimated using wrist-worn accelerometry during the school-year (fall) and summer. To examine the effect of sleep parameters, physical activity level, and light exposure on change in BMI, growth curve modeling was conducted controlling for age, race, sex, and chronotype. Results Children’s sleep midpoint shifted later by an average of 1.5 h during summer compared to the school-year. After controlling for covariates, later sleep midpoints predicted larger increases in BMI during summer, (γ = .0004, p = .03), but not during the school-year. Sleep duration, sleep midpoint variability, physical activity levels, and sedentary behavior were not associated with change in BMI during the school-year or summer. Females tended to increase their BMI at a faster rate during summer compared to males, γ = .06, p = .049. Greater amounts of outdoor light exposure (γ = −.01, p = .02) predicted smaller increases in school-year BMI. Conclusions Obesity prevention interventions may need to target different behaviors depending on whether children are in or out of school. Promotion of outdoor time during the school-year and earlier sleep times during the summer may be effective obesity prevention strategies during these respective times.

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