scholarly journals O8B.1 Risk of heat related illness in latino agricultural workers: environmental temperature and activity levels

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. A71.3-A72
Author(s):  
Marc Schenker ◽  
Diane Mitchell ◽  
Tracey Armitage ◽  
Daniel Tancredi
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Piece Rate ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
And Gender

IntroductionFarmworkers are at risk of heat related illness (HRI). The main contributors are thought to be environmental temperatures and activity levels, but the association has not been objectively assessed.MethodsCalifornia farmworkers were monitored for one work-shift each in the summers of 2014 and 2015. Interviewers recorded personal and demographic information. Wet bulb globe temperature (WBGT) was collected in minute intervals over the shift as were accelerometer activity data from each participant. This data was grouped into physiologically meaningful 15 min increments, with the average used for analysis. Data from the previous 15 min were used to predict current activity. Generalized Additive Modeling was used to determine the form of the association between WBGT and activity level. This information was used to build an appropriate repeated measures model including demographics and work-related attributes.ResultsFinal analyses included 318 Latina/o farmworkers. Only 70 subjects (22%) were a healthy BMI, and 115 subjects (36%) were considered obese (BMI ≥30). None were underweight. The majority of participants were paid hourly (n=233, 73%) as opposed to piece-rate (n=85, 27%). Activity counts averaged 452, or a low intensity activity level. In the final repeat measures model, work activity was inversely associated with WBGT, for every oC increase in WBGT activity decreased by 4.5 counts (95% CI 1.2–7.6) P 0.01. Other independent negative associations with activity were found with age and male gender. An interaction was found between piece-rate workers and gender. Male piece rate workers did not decrease activity levels with WBGT, but females and hourly paid workers did.ConclusionIn general, farmworkers decrease their work activity with increasing environmental heat. Men, especially piece-rate workers are less likely to decrease their activity levels putting them at increased risk of HRI.

scholarly journals Importance of Providing Additional Choices in Relation to Pupils' Happiness, Mastery, Well-Being, Contentment, and Level of Physical Activity in Physical Education

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stian Oldervik ◽  
Pål Lagestad
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Bonferroni Correction ◽  
Tenth Graders ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Positive Effect

Previous research points to the importance of providing support to autonomy in PE, because it has a particularly positive effect on motivation in PE. However, previous research has not examined the association between autonomy and the variables; happiness, mastery, well-being, contentment and activity level in PE. This study examined how increased self-determination affects happiness, mastery, well-being, contentment and activity level in PE. The study is an intervention (cross-over study) with one control group (one class) and two intervention groups (two classes), using questionnaires and accelerometers among 88 tenth graders (41 boys and 47 girls). The three classes included approximately the same number of boys and girls. The intervention groups included, respectively, 30 and 29 pupils in each class, and 29 pupils' in the control group. The pupils' experiences of happiness, mastery, well-being, contentment was measured three times–after a month with, respectively, ordinary PE, teacher-directed PE, and self-organized PE (autonomy), and the activity levels (accelerometer) was measured during the 24 lessons that took part in the period of teacher-directed PE and self-organized PE. Factor analysis, repeated measures ANOVA (mixed method ANOVA design) and paired sample t-tests with Bonferroni correction were performed, in order to look at differences in happiness, mastery, well-being, contentment and activity level during periods of; self-determination, teacher-directed PE and ordinary PE. The results show that self-determination in PE gives the pupil a significant increased experience of happiness, well-being and contentment, and also a higher activity level in PE. The results indicate that increased self-determination in PE can positively affect lower secondary school pupils' happiness, well-being, contentment and activity level in PE, and that teachers should strive to encourage self-determination among pupils in PE. Further research should be based on intervention studies studying self-determination over longer continuous period, in classes with both older and younger pupils.

Effect of Knee Joint Angle on Regional Hamstrings Activation During Isometric Knee-Flexion Exercise

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Raki Kawama ◽  
Masamichi Okudaira ◽  
David H. Fukuda ◽  
Hirohiko Maemura ◽  
Satoru Tanigawa
Keyword(s):  
Knee Joint ◽  
Muscle Activity ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Knee Flexion ◽  
Muscle Activation ◽  
Joint Angle ◽  
Motor Nerve ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Knee Joint Angle

Context: Each hamstring muscle is subdivided into several regions by multiple motor nerve branches, which implies each region has different muscle activation properties. However, little is known about the muscle activation of each region with a change in the knee joint angle. Understanding of regional activation of the hamstrings could be helpful for designing rehabilitation and training programs targeted at strengthening a specific region. Objective: To investigate the effect of knee joint angle on the activity level of several regions within the individual hamstring muscles during isometric knee-flexion exercise with maximal effort (MVCKF). Design: Within-subjects repeated measures. Setting: University laboratory. Participants: Sixteen young males with previous participation in sports competition and resistance training experience. Intervention: The participants performed 2 MVCKF trials at each knee joint angle of 30°, 60°, and 90°. Outcome Measures: Surface electromyography was used to measure muscle activity in the proximal, middle, and distal regions of the biceps femoris long head (BFlh), semitendinosus, and semimembranosus of hamstrings at 30°, 60°, and 90° of knee flexion during MVCKF. Results: Muscle activity levels in the proximal and middle regions of the BFlh were higher at 30° and 60° of knee flexion than at 90° during MVCKF (all: P < .05). Meanwhile, the activity levels in the distal region of the BFlh were not different among all of the evaluated knee joint angles. In semitendinosus and semimembranosus, the activity levels were higher at 30° and 60° than at 90°, regardless of region (all: P < .05). Conclusion: These findings suggest that the effect of knee joint angle on muscle activity level differs between regions of the BFlh, whereas that is similar among regions of semitendinosus and semimembranosus during MVCKF.

scholarly journals Effect of a Tailored Activity Pacing Intervention on Fatigue and Physical Activity Behaviours in Adults with Multiple Sclerosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Ulric S. Abonie ◽  
Florentina J. Hettinga
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Average Activity ◽  
And Gender

Tailored activity pacing could help manage fatigue and improve physical activity. However, little is known about how to tailor activity pacing for people with multiple sclerosis. This study aims to evaluate the effect of a tailored activity pacing intervention on fatigue and physical activity behaviours in adults with multiple sclerosis. Twenty-one adults with multiple sclerosis, stratified by age and gender, are randomly allocated to either a tailored pacing or control group. Participants wear an accelerometer for seven days that measures physical activity behaviours, and self-report fatigue at the baseline and four-week follow-up. Physical activity behaviours are assessed by examining activity level (seven-day average activity counts per minute) and activity variability (seven-day average highest activity counts each day divided by activity counts on that day). The intervention improves activity levels (Mean difference = 40.91; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] (3.84–77.96); p = 0.03) and lessens activity variability (Mean difference = −0.63; 95% CI (−1.25–0.02); p = 0.04). No significant effect is found for fatigue (Mean difference = −0.36; 95% CI (−1.02–0.30); p = 0.27). This investigation shows that tailoring activity pacing based on physical activity behaviours and fatigue is effective in improving physical activity levels, without exacerbating fatigue symptoms.

The short-term effect of radio-packages on a free-ranging large herbivore, the northern hairy-nosed wombat

1998 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 561 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew P. Woolnough ◽  
Christopher N. Johnson ◽  
Alan B. Horsup
Keyword(s):  
Term Effect ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Initial Activity ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Large Herbivore ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Short Term Effect ◽  
Data Loggers ◽  
Free Ranging

The short-term effect of radio-packages on the activity of the northern hairy-nosed wombat, Lasiorhinus krefftii, was investigated using activity data-loggers. Adjustment to the radio-package occurred between 10 and 18 days following capture and fitting of the radio-package. Following the adjustment period, activity levels were some 84–97% less than that of the initial activity level after the attachment of the radio-package. We believe that the adjustment period needs to be considered in studies involving the attachment of radio- packages.

Intensity- and Domain-Specific Levels of Physical Activity and Sedentary Behavior in 10- to 14-Year-Old Children

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1543-1550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stijn De Baere ◽  
Jan Seghers ◽  
Renaat Philippaerts ◽  
Kristine De Martelaer ◽  
Johan Lefevre
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Sedentary Behavior ◽  
School Children ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Electronic Diary ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
And Gender

Background:to investigate levels of physical activity (PA) and sedentary behavior (SB) in 10- to 14-year-olds and to determine PA differences between week-weekend days, genders and school stages.Methods:241 children were recruited from 15 primary and 15 secondary schools. PA was assessed for 7 days using the SenseWear Mini Armband and an electronic diary. Week-weekend and gender differences were determined using 2-way repeated-measures ANOVA. Combined intensity- and domain-specific PA differences between genders and school stages were examined using 2-way ANOVA.Results:Weekdays were more active compared with weekend days. Physical activity level (PAL) of boys was higher compared with girls. Boys showed more moderate (+15 min/day) and vigorous PA (+9 min/day), no differences were found for SB and light PA. Secondary school children showed more SB (+111 min/day), moderate (+8 min/day) and vigorous (+9 min/day) PA and less light PA (-66 min/day) compared with primary school children. No difference was found for PAL. The results of the combined intensity- and domain-specific parameters revealed more nuanced differences between genders and school stages.Conclusions:Our results demonstrate the complexity of PA and SB behavior of children, indicating the need for a multidimensional and differentiated approach in PA promotion.

scholarly journals Sleeping Duration, Napping and Snoring in Association with Diabetes Control among Patients with Diabetes in Qatar

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4017
Author(s):  
Hiba Bawadi ◽  
Asma Al Sada ◽  
Noof Al Mansoori ◽  
Sharifa Al Mannai ◽  
Aya Hamdan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Glycemic Control ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
Vegetable Intake ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Poor Glycemic Control ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
And Gender

Background: Poor glycemic control is associated with chronic life-threatening complications. Several studies have revealed that sleep status is associated with glycemic control. Aim: to examine the association between sleep duration, quality and glycemic control among adults with diabetes. Methods: Data on 2500 participants aged 18–60 years were collected from the Qatar Biobank (QBB). Sleep duration and quality were assessed by a self-completed health and lifestyle questionnaire, and glycemic control was assessed using HbA1c. Logistic regression was used to assess the association between sleep duration, napping, snoring and poor glycemic control. Results: After adjusting for age and gender, sleep duration was not associated with poor glycemic control. Lack of association persisted after controlling for smoking, physical activity, education, BMI, fruit and vegetable intake, insulin and medication use. However, sleeping for long hours at night (≥8 h) had a trend in increasing the risk of poor glycemic control (OR = 1.28; 95% CI: 0.94–1.74). Napping was positively associated with poor glycemic control. After adjusting for age and gender, patients who reported “sometimes, frequently, or always” napping had more than 30% increased risk of poor control as compared to patients who reported “never/rarely” napping. Snoring was not associated with poor glycemic control among the study sample when adjusted for age and gender (p = 0.61). Other factors were found to be associated with a better glycemic control such as female, high educational and high physical activity level. Conclusions: our results suggest that napping may be an independent risk factor for a poor glycemic control in diabetes; further investigations are required.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders in Germany—A Comparison between Dentists and Dental Assistants

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6956
Author(s):  
Fabian Holzgreve ◽  
Yvonne Haas ◽  
Antonia Naser ◽  
Jasmin Haenel ◽  
Laura Fraeulin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Dependent Relationship ◽  
Body Regions ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Dental Assistants

Background: Dental professionals suffer frequently from musculoskeletal disorders (MSD). Dentists and dental assistants work closely with each other in a mutually dependent relationship. To date, MSD in dental assistants have only been marginally investigated and compared to their occurrence in dentists. Therefore, the aim of this study was to compare the prevalence of MSD between dentists and dental assistants by considering occupational factors, physical activity and gender. Methods: This was a cross-sectional observational study. A Germany-wide survey, using a modified version of the Nordic Questionnaire and work-related questions, was applied. In total, 2548 participants took part, of which 389 dentists (240 females and 149 males) and 322 dental assistants (320 females and 2 males) were included in the analysis. Data were collected between May 2018 and May 2019. Differences between the dentists and dental assistants were determined by using the Chi2 test for nominal and the Wilcoxon–Mann–Whitney U test for both ordinal and non-normally distributed metric data. Results: A greater number of dental assistants reported complaints than dentists in all queried body regions. Significant differences in the most affected body regions (neck, shoulders, wrist/hands, upper back, lower back and feet/ankles) were found for the lifetime prevalence, annual prevalence and weekly prevalence. Data from the occupational factors, physical activity and gender analyses revealed significant differences between dentists and dental assistants. Conclusions: Dental assistants appear to be particularly affected by MSD when compared to dentists. This circumstance can be explained only to a limited extent by differences in gender distribution and occupational habits between the occupations.

scholarly journals A scalable, satellite-transmitted data product for monitoring high-activity events in mobile aquatic animals

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel A. Skubel ◽  
Kenady Wilson ◽  
Yannis P. Papastamatiou ◽  
Hannah J. Verkamp ◽  
James A. Sulikowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
High Activity ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Accelerometer Data ◽  
Data Logger ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Aquatic Animals ◽  
Receiver Array ◽  
In The Wild

AbstractA growing number of studies are using accelerometers to examine activity level patterns in aquatic animals. However, given the amount of data generated from accelerometers, most of these studies use loggers that archive acceleration data, thus requiring physical recovery of the loggers or acoustic transmission from within a receiver array to obtain the data. These limitations have restricted the duration of tracking (ranging from hours to days) and/or type of species studied (e.g., relatively sessile species or those returning to predictable areas). To address these logistical challenges, we present and test a satellite-transmitted metric for the remote monitoring of changes in activity, measured via a pop-off satellite archival tag (PSAT) with an integrated accelerometer. Along with depth, temperature, and irradiance for geolocation, the PSAT transmits activity data as a time-series (ATS) with a user-programmable resolution. ATS is a count of high-activity events, relative to overall activity/mobility during a summary period. An algorithm is used to identify the high-activity events from accelerometer data and reports the data as a count per time-series interval. Summary statistics describing the data used to identify high-activity events accompany the activity time-series. In this study, we first tested the ATS activity metric through simulating PSAT output from accelerometer data logger archives, comparing ATS to vectorial dynamic body acceleration. Next, we deployed PSATs with ATS under captive conditions with cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Lastly, we deployed seven pop-off satellite archival tags (PSATs) able to collect and transmit ATS in the wild on adult sandbar sharks (Carcharhinus plumbeus). In the captive trials, we identified both resting and non-resting behavior for species and used logistic regression to compare ATS values with observed activity levels. In captive cobia, ATS was a significant predictor of observed activity levels. For 30-day wild deployments on sandbar sharks, satellites received 57.4–73.2% of the transmitted activity data. Of these ATS datapoints, between 21.9 and 41.2% of records had a concurrent set of temperature, depth, and light measurements. These results suggest that ATS is a practical metric for remotely monitoring and transmitting relative high-activity data in large-bodied aquatic species with variable activity levels, under changing environmental conditions, and across broad spatiotemporal scales.

Surface EMG Recordings as a Risk Assessment Tool for Musculoskeletal Disorders

2000 ◽  
Vol 44 (30) ◽  
pp. 5-541-5-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rolf H. Westgaard
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Disorders ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Surface Emg ◽  
Activity Level ◽  
Body Region ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Time Dimension ◽  
Increased Risk

Injury models for musculoskeletal disorders are considered. It is suggested that several injury mechanisms may coexist in the same body region. This has implications for data reduction procedures used in risk evaluation by surface EMG (SEMG). Biomechanical exposure as an injury risk may conceptually be characterized by the three exposure dimensions: amplitude, duration and repetitiveness. The time dimension has become increasingly important since many work tasks are performed at low exposure amplitude. For practical purposes, static activity levels higher than 2% EMGmax appear to signify increased risk of musculoskeletal disorders. However, a lower activity level does not guarantee good health, as risk factors apparently unrelated to muscle activity also exist. Mental stress may be one such risk factor.

077 Human activity levels reflect circadian influences independent of sleep/wake behavior

SLEEP ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. A32-A32
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Klerman ◽  
Andrew McHill ◽  
Lindsey Brown ◽  
Charles Czeisler
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Cycle Duration ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Activity Data ◽  
Circadian Phase ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Measured Activity ◽  
Individual Participant ◽  
Invasive Method ◽  
Using Data

Abstract Introduction Actigraphy is a non-invasive method that allows long-term recordings of activity, light, and other variables in diverse environments. In real-world settings, activity usually has a 24-hour rhythm that may arise from sleep/wake-associated behavior and/or circadian rhythmicity. We tested for an independent circadian component using data from people living on non-24 hours “days” in the laboratory. Methods Data are from five inpatient studies with tightly-controlled forced desynchrony (FD) conditions. Participants (19–34 yo) were healthy by history, physical exam, laboratory tests of blood and urine, and clinical polysomnography, and did not report using prescription medicines. Caffeine-containing substances were prohibited during the study. Protocol 1: 7 participants (3 F) T-cycle (i.e., FD sleep-wake cycle duration) = 42.85h; Rest:Activity ratio 1:3.3. Protocol 2: 8 participants (3 F) T cycle =42.85h; Rest:Activity 1:2. Protocol 3: 9 participants (3 F) T cycle =28.0h; Rest:Activity 1:2. Protocol 4: 7 participants (3 F) T cycle =20.0h; Rest:Activity ratio 1:3.3. Protocol 5: 7 participants (5 F) T cycle =20.0h; Rest:Activity 1:2. At all times except during showers, participants wore an actiwatch that measured activity levels and light. Melatonin period and phase 0 (i.e., fit maximum) were computed using non-orthogonal spectral analyses. Data were analyzed relative to 3-hr Circadian Phase bins (1/8 of computed circadian period for each individual) and 3-hr Wake Duration bins. Activity data were summarized using Zero-Inflated-Poison-based statistics for each Circadian*Wake Duration bin for each individual and then across individuals within each study. Repeated measures ANOVA were conducted. Statistics were performed using SAS. Results For all protocols, there were significant differences (all p&lt;0.007) by individual participant, by Circadian Phase, and by Wake Duration bin, but not by the interaction term (Circadian Phase* Wake Duration). Highest levels of activity were at Circadian Phase 7.5–10.5 (~10am–1pm) and lowest values at Circadian Phase -1.5–1.5 (~midnight–3 am). Activity values were lowest at scheduled sleep times. Conclusion Circadian rhythms independent of sleep/wake behaviors influence activity levels and may be an important component of analyses. In individuals living on non-24-hr days (e.g., some blind people and some sighted people with Non-24-hr Sleep Disorder), it may be possible to derive circadian-based metrics. Support (if any) NIH K24-HL105664, P01-AG009975, T32-HL007901, K01-HL146992.

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