scholarly journals Kinematics of Reaching and Grasping with a Tool

2007 ◽  
Vol 51 (19) ◽  
pp. 1353-1357 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bin Zheng ◽  
Christine L. MacKenzie
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Tool Use ◽  
Sensorimotor Integration ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Remote Manipulation ◽  
Deceleration Phase ◽  
Safe Work

Kinematics of reaching and grasping are observed for prehension performed by the hand (natural prehension) and with a simple grasper held in the hand (remote prehension). Remote prehension is executed with a longer movement time, lower movement speed, extended deceleration phase and a relatively larger peak aperture compared to natural prehension. The kinematic changes in remote prehension are more pronounced when adults reached and grasped an object placed on a narrow than a wide base. Results suggested that the indirect and incomplete proprioception and sensorimotor integration with tool use are the main problems for movement control in remote manipulation. Implications of this study are discussed for design of tools and a safe work environment for tool use.

Movement Control Phases of Upper Body Coordination in Visually Guided Reach Movements

2009 ◽  
Vol 53 (12) ◽  
pp. 834-838
Author(s):  
Shin-Yuan Yu ◽  
Bernard J. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Motor Behavior ◽  
Peak Velocity ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Human Movement ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Joint Movement ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Time To Peak

Coordination of human movement includes temporal and spatial aspects. Under the assumption that the implicit movement sequence of body segments may be associated with visual feedback information, the activation timing, time to peak velocity of the hand and sequencing of joint movements were investigated in this study. The results show that variations in movement time with target azimuth and distance fit a quadratic regression model. In addition, the time to peak velocity reveals a movement scaling property in the context of self-imposed movement speed. Finally, the sequencing of joint movement also varies with target azimuth and distance. These motor behavior properties and movement characteristics can be used to model human reach movement in a dynamic manner and to estimate task durations.

The Accuracy of Non-Visual Aiming

1972 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 515-523 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. A. Beggs ◽  
Jacqueline A. Andrew ◽  
Martha L. Baker ◽  
S. R. Dove ◽  
Irene Fairclough ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information Theory ◽  
Linear Relationship ◽  
Visual Feedback ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Physiological Tremor ◽  
Range Effect ◽  
Optimum Speed ◽  
Variable Errors

A visual feedback theory of movement control developed earlier predicted that the accuracy of movements performed in darkness would be unaffected by movement speed, but be linearly related to distance. We found that for variable errors this is partly true; a linear relationship to distance was demonstrated, but an optimum speed was found. Constant errors showed interesting trends, showing the usual range effect but also being affected by movement time. Finally, a small irreducible component in these errors was found, which was considered to be caused by physiological tremor. These results are easily encompassed in our feedback theory, but would be difficult for an information theory based model of movement control.

scholarly journals DISIPLIN KERJA, KESEHATAN DAN KESELAMATAN KERJA BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PRODUKTIVITAS KERJA KARYAWAN SARIASIH GARMENT

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 2107
Author(s):  
Briyan Artha Ginting ◽  
I Wayan Suana
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Work Environment ◽  
Work Productivity ◽  
Health And Safety ◽  
Work Safety ◽  
Safe Work ◽  
Work Health ◽  
Saturated Sample ◽  
Maximum Work ◽  
Sample Method

Productivity is the ability to achieve certain tasks in accordance with predetermined standards. Companies must create safe work environment to motivate employees so that they can increase overall company productivity. Purpose of the study is to explain the effect of work discipline, occupational health and safety on the work productivity of Sariasih Garment employees with 51 people as samples, using saturated sample method. Data collected through observation, interviews and questionnaires and analyzed by multiple linear regression. Based on the results, work discipline, occupational health and work safety have  positive and significant effect on employee work productivity. It is expected that company pays attention to employees' compliance with regulations in doing their jobs and the company is able to create a safe, comfortable and clean work environment. Employees have enthusiasm and protection while working so that employees are able to increase work productivity in order to create maximum work results. Keywords: work productivity, work discipline, work health and safety

scholarly journals Neuromuscular and biomechanical functions subserving finger dexterity in musicians

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yudai Kimoto ◽  
Takanori Oku ◽  
Shinichi Furuya
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Neuromuscular Control ◽  
Penalized Regression ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Finger Dexterity ◽  
Motor Dexterity ◽  
Biomechanical Features ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Motor Actions

ABSTRACTExceptional finger dexterity enables skillful motor actions such as those required for musical performance. However, it has been not known whether specialized neuromuscular or biomechanical features subserve the dexterity. We aimed to identify the features firstly differentiating the finger dexterity between trained and untrained individuals and secondly accounting for the individual differences in the dexterity across trained individuals. To this aim, two studies were conducted. The first study (Study 1) compared the finger motor dexterity and several neuromuscular and biomechanical characteristics of the fingers between pianists and musically untrained individuals (non-musicians). The results showed no differences in any biomechanical features between the groups with different musical expertise. However, the pianists exhibited faster individual finger movements and more independent control of movements between the fingers. These observations indicate expertise-dependence of the finger motor skills and neuromuscular control of the fingers. The second study (Study 2) assessed individual differences in the finger dexterity between trained pianists. A penalized regression determined an association of the maximum movement speed of the pianists’ individual fingers with both finger muscular strength and biomechanical characteristics of the hand, but not with independent movement control between the fingers. In addition, none of these features covaried with measures of early and deliberate piano practice. Taken together, these findings indicate that distinct biological factors of finger motor dexterity differentiate between the effects of piano training and individual differences across skilled pianists.

scholarly journals Targeting in Virtual Workspaces: motor learning consolidates spatial memory for performance clusters

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradly Alicea ◽  
Corey Bohil ◽  
Frank Biocca ◽  
Charles Owen
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Target Location ◽  
Movement Time ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Arm Movement ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Training Interval ◽  
Speed And Accuracy

Our objective was to focus on linkages between the process of learning and memory and the placement of objects within an array of targets in a virtual workspace. Participants were instructed to place virtual objects serially within a three-dimensional target array. One phase presented each target sequentially, and required participants to make timed ballistic arm movements. The other phase presented all nine targets simultaneously, which required ballistic arm movement towards the correct target location as recalled from the learning phase. Movement time and accuracy were assessed using repeated-measures ANOVA, a hierarchical cluster analysis, and a multiple linear regression. Collectively, this revealed numerous speed and accuracy advantages and disadvantages for various positional combinations. Upper positions universally yielded longer movement times and larger error measurements. Individual ability for mental rotation combined with task learning over a fixed training interval was found to predict accuracy for specific locations. The prediction that location influences movement speed and accuracy was supported, but with some caveats. These results may be particularly useful in the design of instructor stations and other hybrid physical-virtual workspaces.

scholarly journals Prioritizing Safety Training for a More Personal Compliance of a Safe and Healthy Work Environment among Students and Staff of Higher Education Institutions of Selangor

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.30) ◽  
pp. 388
Author(s):  
Mokana Muthu Kumarasamy ◽  
Mazni Saad ◽  
Reeny Karlina Abdul Rauf ◽  
Noor Malinda Mohamed Mohan ◽  
Mohd Hanafi Azman Ong
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Occupational Safety ◽  
Safety Training ◽  
Primary Objective ◽  
Occupational Safety And Health ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Safety And Health ◽  
Safe Work ◽  
Healthy Work ◽  
Positive Effect

Safety is an important element in an organization. A safe work space makes safety a priority throughout the organization. Improved safety will minimize job accidents, injuries, medical illnesses and death. Occupational safety and health (OSH) training that is provided by the top management of universities will create a safe and comfortable environment for both the staff and students. It also guarantees that every employee is safe in the workplace. Thus, the primary objective of this study is to investigate the effect of safety training towards personal compliance. A total of 234 questionnaires were distributed to 20 higher educational institutions in Selangor, Malaysia. A conclusion was reached once the data were analyzed using SPSS; that safety training (B = 0.364, t = 11.90, p <.01) significantly has a positive effect on Personal Compliance.  

Creating a Safe Work Environment, a Plan for Success

Nurse Leader ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Cindy Davis
Keyword(s):  
Work Environment ◽  
Safe Work

scholarly journals Practice effects on fast and accurate spatially constrained movements

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carla Ferro Pereira ◽  
Inara Marques ◽  
Victor Hugo Alves Okazaki
Keyword(s):  
Movement Time ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Feedback Information ◽  
Deceleration Phase ◽  
Mouse Cursor ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Practice Trials ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

AbstractPurpose. The effects of practice were analyzed in the control of fast and accurate spatially constrained movements. Methods. Twenty men (20-26 years old) evenly divided into an experimental and control group were analyzed in three time periods: pre-test, post-test, and retention. Discrete Aiming Task ver. 2.0 software simulated Fitts’ task (1954) and provided kinematic analysis of mouse cursor movements (displacement, velocity, and acceleration). The task consisted of using the mouse to click on two parallel targets as fast and accurately as possible. Four target widths (W = 2.0, 1.0, 0.5, and 2.5 inches) and three distances between the targets (D = 2.0, 4.0, and 8.0 inches) were used to provide indexes of difficulty (ID) from 1 to 6 bits. The experimental group performed 108 practice trials (three blocks of 36 trials on different days) while the control group had no practice. Results. Movement time (MT) decreased in the experimental group largely due in part to a reduction of time used for feedback. It is suggested that the improvement in performance as a function of practice occurred through the interdependence of programming and the feedback process. As the task was practiced, there was decreased need for feedback due to better pre-programming of the primary submovement and the improved use of sensorial feedback information. This strategy and a lengthened deceleration phase can help explain the paradigm of fast and accurate movement as a result of practice. Conclusions. Despite the improved performance changes as a consequence of practice, Fitts’ Law proved to be robust enough to predict MT as a function of ID.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document