Opening Jars: An Anthropometric Study of the Wrist-Twisting Strength of the Elderly

1983 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 112-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Rohles ◽  
Kelli L. Moldrup ◽  
Joseph E. Laviana
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Large Diameter ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Commercial Products ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Torque Wrench ◽  
Main Determinants ◽  
Torque Values ◽  
Hand Length ◽  
Anthropometric Study

The purpose of this study was to measure the wrist-twisting strength among the elderly. The subjects were 100 men and 100 women whose ages ranged from 62 to 92 years. To measure their wrist-twisting strength a device was developed that consisted of a modified torque-wrench which would accept 8 different container lids whose diameters ranged from 27 mm to 123 mm. Each subject performed the wrist-twisting task on each lid 4 times – twice clockwise and twice counter-clockwise. The results showed that men were stronger than the women, that there was no difference in the torque from a clockwise or a counter-clockwise twist, and that a greater amount of torque could be applied to large diameter lids than to smaller diameter lids. When age, body weight, height, grasp, lateral prehension, and hand length, breadth, and spread were correlated with the wrist-twisting strength it was found that for the men, age, grasp and hand length contributed to torque and for the women, body weight, grasp, and lateral prehension were the main determinants of torque. In addition the torque required to open various commercial products was measured so that by comparing these torque values with those of the wrist-twisting strength it was able to estimate the percentage of men and women who could open a jar of a given diameter and torque.

Wrist Twisting Strength of four Year Olds: Product Packaging Implications

1984 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 90-94
Author(s):  
Frederick H. Rohles ◽  
Joseph E. Laviana ◽  
Kelli Moldrup
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Dependent Measure ◽  
Consumer Products ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Product Packaging ◽  
Elderly Males ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
Torque Wrench ◽  
Hand Length

The research reported in this paper is the second of a two phase study related to consumer packaging. In the first phase, the subjects consisted of 100 elderly males and 100 elderly females. The results of this phase of the study were reported at the 1983 HFS meeting in Norfolk. In this phase of the study, the subjects were 100 four-year old boys and 100 four-year old girls. The purpose of the study was to measure their wrist-twisting strength or the torque that could be exerted on jar lids of various diameters. To accomplish this, a standard torque-wrench was modified so as to accept eight container lids whose diameters ranged from 27 mm to 123 mm. Each subject performed the wrist-twisting task on each lid four times - twice clockwise and twice counter-clockwise. Using torque as the dependent measure, analyses of variance were computed for the boys and girls separately. The results showed that direction of rotation - clockwise or counterclockwise, was not significant. However, lid as a source of variation was. When age, body weight, height, grasp, lateral prehension, and hand length, breadth, and spread were correlated with the wrist-twisting strength, it was found that for the boys, grasp was critical for all eight of the lids and hand length and spread were equally important. For the females, the individual's body weight plus grasp were significantly correlated with torque for all eight lids. And whereas age and weight were significantly correlated with the torque that could be exerted on seven of the eight lids for the girls, they were only modestly related to torque for the males. However, like the boys, hand spread was significantly correlated with torque among the females. Findings related to reports of the Consumer Products Safety Commission and the Safety in Packaging Act are discussed and a proposal is advanced suggesting that the use of containers whose lids have diameters of 60 mm and larger would be too large for a four-year old hand to open while they could be readily opened by the elderly consumer.*

PENGARUH TERAPI TERTAWA TERHADAP PENURUNAN TEKANAN DARAH LANSIA DI UPT PANTI WREDHA BUDHI DHARMA YOGYAKARTA

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niken Setyaningrum ◽  
Andri Setyorini ◽  
Fachruddin Tri Fitrianta
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group Comparison ◽  
Control Blood Pressure ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Treatment Of Hypertension ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

ABSTRACTBackground: Hypertension is one of the most common diseases, because this disease is suffered byboth men and women, as well as adults and young people. Treatment of hypertension does not onlyrely on medications from the doctor or regulate diet alone, but it is also important to make our bodyalways relaxed. Laughter can help to control blood pressure by reducing endocrine stress andcreating a relaxed condition to deal with relaxation.Objective: The general objective of the study was to determine the effect of laughter therapy ondecreasing elderly blood pressure in UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta.Methods: The design used in this study is a pre-experimental design study with one group pre-posttestresearch design where there is no control group (comparison). The population in this study wereelderly aged over> 60 years at 55 UPT Panti Wredha Budhi Dharma Yogyakarta. The method oftaking in this study uses total sampling. The sample in this study were 55 elderly. Data analysis wasused to determine the difference in blood pressure before and after laughing therapy with a ratio datascale that was using Pairs T-TestResult: There is an effect of laughing therapy on blood pressure in the elderly at UPT Panti WredhaBudhi Dharma Yogyakarta marked with a significant value of 0.000 (P <0.05)

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Oral Nutritional Supplements on Older People with Anorexia: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 835
Author(s):  
Mengqi Li ◽  
Si Zhao ◽  
Shuang Wu ◽  
Xiufen Yang ◽  
Hui Feng
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Older People ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Nutritional Supplements ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Oral Nutritional Supplements ◽  
Positive Effect

Background: Nutrition plays an important role in maintaining the overall health of older people. Inadequate intake may lead to impaired body function, higher morbidity, and mortality. Oral nutritional supplements (ONS) showed positive effect on the nutritional status of the elderly; however, systematic evidence is currently lacking on the effect of ONS on the elderly with anorexia. Aims: The current systematic review and meta-analysis included randomized controlled trial (RCT) articles to investigate the effectiveness of ONS on the main aspects of anorexia of aging (AA). Methods: By using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method, researchers independently searched PubMed/MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and other gray literature resources for publications that met the inclusion criteria by October 2020. The Cochrane Risk of Bias Tools were used for quality assessment. The inverse-variance method was used for the fixed model (FM) while the DerSimonian–Laird method was used for the random model (RM). Respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs), mean difference (MD) or standardized mean difference (SMD) was used for indices in terms of effect size (ES). Results: 2497 records were found through the systematic search, while 17 RCTs (n = 1204) were included, with a mean age of 81.9 years (range: 74–87 years). Supplementation occurred in the morning, mid-day, and evening, while the times varied from one to three times a day. The results of meta-analysis showed that, generally, ONS had a positive effect on the overall appetite, MD = 0.18, 95% CI (0.03, 0.33), p = 0.02, and consumption, MD = 1.43, 95% CI (0.01, 2.86), p = 0.05; but not significant in terms of other aspects of appetite: hunger, p = 0.73; fullness, p = 0.60; desire to eat, p = 0.80; preoccupation, p = 0.15. Additionally, it showed an increase in the overall energy intake, SMD = 0.46, 95% CI (0.29, 0.63), p < 0.001, in protein intake, SMD = 0.59, 95% CI (0.16, 1.02), p = 0.007, and in fat intake, MD = 3.47, 95% CI (1.98, 4.97), p < 0.001, while no positive effect was found on carbohydrates intake, p = 0.06. Significance differences were also found in the body weight, SMD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.41, 0.65), p < 0.001, and body mass index (BMI), MD = 0.53, 95% CI (0.12, 0.95), p = 0.01. Moreover, subgroup analyses were conducted according to the nutrient density with no positive results showed except for the low-density ONS on overall energy intake. Conclusions: The results of the present study indicated that ONS had beneficial effects on overall appetite, energy intake, body weight and BMI.

scholarly journals Effects of an Ad Libitum Low-Fat, High-Carbohydrate Diet on Body Weight, Body Composition, and Fat Distribution in Older Men and Women

2004 ◽  
Vol 164 (2) ◽  
pp. 210 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas P. Hays ◽  
Raymond D. Starling ◽  
Xiaolan Liu ◽  
Dennis H. Sullivan ◽  
Todd A. Trappe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Fat Distribution ◽  
Older Men ◽  
High Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Carbohydrate Diet ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
High Carbohydrate ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Older Men And Women

Effect of aging alone on mechanical properties of the normal adult human lung

1977 ◽  
Vol 43 (6) ◽  
pp. 1054-1062 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. J. Knudson ◽  
D. F. Clark ◽  
T. C. Kennedy ◽  
D. E. Knudson
Keyword(s):  
Respiratory Mechanics ◽  
Human Lung ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elastic Recoil ◽  
Lung Volumes ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Maximum Expiratory Flow ◽  
Alpha1 Antitrypsin ◽  
Adult Human Lung

For plethysmographic studies of respiratory mechanics, we selected, from a general population, 51 subjects, aged 25–75 yr, who had never smoked, had no present or past cardiorespiratory symptoms or disease, were alpha1-antitrypsin MM phenotypes, and were normal by physical examination, vectorcardiography, and chest roentgenography. Approximately equal numbers of men and women were represented in each of three age groups; 25–35, 36–64, and 65–75. Both sexes demonstrated loss of lung elastic recoil with age, most significant at high lung volumes, but the rate of loss was less than previously reported. Males had higher lung recoil than females of comparable age, but if lung size was taken into account, there were no sex differences in bulk elastic properties. Maximum expiratory flow diminished with age only at low volumes, suggesting that equal pressure points are more centrally located at low lung volumes in the elderly.

Relationship Between Dynamic Changes in Body Weight and Blood Pressure: The ESTEBAN Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (10) ◽  
pp. 1003-1012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexandre Vallée ◽  
Anne-Laure Perrine ◽  
Valérie Deschamps ◽  
Jacques Blacher ◽  
Valérie Olié
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
National Agency ◽  
Anthropometric Indices ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Weight Variation ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Main Determinants

Abstract BACKGROUND Obesity is one of the main determinants of blood pressure. The aim of this study was to evaluate and quantify the relations between the different anthropometric indices and blood pressure (BP) stratified by gender. METHODS Cross-sectional analyses were performed using data from 2,105 adults from the ESTEBAN survey, a representative sample of the French population. Partial Pearson correlation analysis was used to assess the correlation between BP and anthropometric indices. Regressions were adjusted on age, antihypertensive therapies, socioeconomic levels, dietary intakes, and cardiovascular risk factors. A weight variation index, as adjusted weight variation/year, was calculated as (weight maximum − weight minimum) / (age of weight max − age of weight min). This index was adjusted on the BMI reported during the inclusion and time elapsed since weight variation from the moment of inclusion. RESULTS In the Esteban population stratified by gender, this weight index had the highest r-value of correlation with all BP parameters compared with all anthropometric indices (WC, WHR, WHtR) in both genders. In men, weight variation more than +1 kg/year is associated with 5.5 mm Hg increase in systolic BP and with 1.8 mm Hg increase in diastolic BP. In women, more than +1 kg/year is associated with 3.3 mm Hg increase in systolic BP and with 1.0 mm Hg increase in diastolic BP. CONCLUSION A dynamic view of body weight change appears more predictive in BP change than a static view expressed by BMI. Public health initiatives to maintain a youthful body weight during life course are majors to prevent hypertension. REGISTRATION The study was registered in the French National Agency for Medicines and Health Products Safety (no. 2012-A00456-34) and was approved by the Advisory Committee for Protection of Persons in Biomedical Research.

scholarly journals Key Life Differences for Older Men and Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-70
Author(s):  
Dmitriy V. Savchenko ◽  
◽  
Svetlana N. Tereshchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Older Women ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Older Men ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Spearman Rank ◽  
Difference Criterion ◽  
Older Men And Women ◽  
Spearman Rank Correlation Coefficient

This article examines the issue of gender differences in attitudes towards life in older people. The study found that older women are more positive about life than men. To process the research results, such methods of mathematical statistics as the Spearman rank correlation coefficient and the Mann– Whitney difference criterion were used. Based on the results of the work carried out, recommendations were formulated for specialists working with the elderly.

scholarly journals AGE AND SEXUAL CHANGES STRUCTURE OF GENES CYTOKINES NETWORKS IN RUSSIAN POPULATION

2013 ◽  
Vol 68 (9) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. I. Konenkov ◽  
V. F. Prokof'ev ◽  
A. V. Shevchenko ◽  
A. M. Chernyavskii ◽  
A. M. Karas'kov
Keyword(s):  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Elderly Age ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Growth Factor Gene ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Endothelial Growth Factor

Objective: to study frequencies of occurrence of the combined genetic attributes including different variants of cytokines genotypes (TNFA, IL1B, IL4, IL6, IL10, VEGF), in different on sexual  and age groups in population of Siberia Caucasoid. Material and methods. Frequencies of distribution of variants of structure genes cytokines networks  among 500 representatives of Siberia  Caucasian population, men and women  of  two age groups - more younger than 35 years ("young") and 55 and more years ("elderly") are  investigated. In structure of  investigated genes cytokines net  has come 10 variants of polymorphic sites of cytokines genes and  vascular endothelial growth factor gene: TNFА-863 C→A, TNFА-308 G→A, TNFА-238 G→A, IL1B-31 С→T, IL4-590 С→T, IL6-174 G→C, IL10-1082 G → A, IL10-592 А→С, VEGF-2578 C→A and VEGF+936 С→T. Genotyping are carried out by  restriction fragment length polymorphism method. Processing of results carried out on the basis of the original methodological approach including the complex connected computer analysis of genic circuits of various dimension. Results and conclusions. It is shown, that the significant part of variants genes cytokines networks, which   widely distributed among young people is completely absent in the "elderly" age group. Such variants disappearing with age separately for men and women are established. At the program mathematical analysis it is established, that parameters of the odds ratio  achieve two-place sizes (OR =27, p =0,0004), that testifies to high specificity of complex genetic attributes. Presence in genome such variants of genes cytokines networks  , found out in the childhood or young age, as supposed, is unfavorable personalized prognostic factors of life span of the individual. 

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