A preliminary investigation of a school-based musical theater intervention program for children with intellectual disabilities

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olena Zyga ◽  
Sandra W Russ ◽  
Heather Meeker ◽  
Jodi Kirk
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Musical Theater ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Preliminary Investigation ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Theater Program ◽  
School Based

The presence of an intellectual disability may cause a child to have significant deficits in social skills and emotion regulation abilities across development. A vital next step is to find interventions that can be delivered in the school environment and across disability categories that target socioemotional factors. The current study investigated the feasibility of delivering a school-based musical theater program to students with intellectual disability across a range of school settings. A within-group repeated-measures design was used to analyze pre- and post-video recordings of the intervention program, which were coded for six domains of socioemotional ability across all participants ( n = 47). Results showed that significant gains across all domains were observed. However, these gains related to school- and individual-level student factors, such as grade level, severity of disability, and baseline social skill ability.

Efficacy of a school-based primary prevention program for coping with exposure to political violence

2008 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 348-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Slone ◽  
Anat Shoshani
Keyword(s):  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Violence Exposure ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
School Based ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Children's Coping ◽  
Meaning Attribution

A paradigm conceptualizing resilience as factors moderating between political violence exposure and psychological distress administered in a 7-year research project yielded a profile of factors promoting Israeli children's coping in conflict conditions. Three factors — social support mobilization, selfefficacy, and meaning attribution — were incorporated into a school-based primary intervention program. In a repeated measures design, the study assessed pre to post-test modifications in the three resilience factors and psychological distress in a primary and control intervention condition and the interaction of actual political violence exposure on distress reduction. Results validated modification only of the mobilization of support factor, but nonetheless confirmed the primary program's efficacy in moderating psychological distress particularly among children with low actual political violence exposure, who showed greater distress increases in the control condition. Findings reinforce the educational system's role in promoting resilience among children in conflict environments.

Lifestyle intervention using modified BASNEF model in hypertension management (Preprint)

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Resti Tito Villarino ◽  
Christopher Arcay ◽  
Maria Concepcion Temblor
Keyword(s):  
Lifestyle Intervention ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Phase 1 ◽  
Management Technique ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Stroke Risk Factor ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Lifestyle Intervention Program

BACKGROUND Hypertension is a serious health issue and a major cardiovascular disease and stroke risk factor. In hypertensive patients, various health educational models have been used to improve their lifestyle, but the findings are inconsistent. OBJECTIVE The study assessed the effects of a lifestyle intervention program using modified Beliefs, Attitude, Subjective Standards, Enabling Factors (BASNEF) model among non-adherent hypertensive respondents in relation to the introduction of a lifestyle intervention program in the management of hypertension. METHODS This is a quantitative quasi-experimental research particularly utilizing a repeated-measures design of within-subjects approach on the 50 non-adherent patients diagnosed with essential hypertension at Moalboal, Cebu, Philippines in 2019. The respondents received five sessions of trainings based on modified BASNEF model. The Morisky Medication Adherence instrument was used. The first phase included a demographic questionnaire and the last phase comprised the evaluation of the program. Frequencies, percentages, means and standard deviations for descriptive statistics while t-test, repeated measures, ANOVA, and Pearson product moment correlation for inferential statistics. RESULTS The result indicated that the phase 1 mean (146.5) of the systolic readings differ significantly from the phase 4 mean (134.92) of the systolic readings. However, since these two means came from phases that were not consecutive, the result, as a whole, did not show a significant decrease or change when analyzed chronologically from one phase to the next. CONCLUSIONS The study has established that BASNEF model approach can be an effective BP management technique.

scholarly journals Positive Adolescent Development: Effects of a Psychosocial Intervention Program in a Rural Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6784
Author(s):  
Diana Paricio ◽  
Maria F. Rodrigo ◽  
Paz Viguer ◽  
Marina Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

The Positive Youth Development (PYD) approach identifies adolescents as resources to be empowered rather than problems to be solved. All adolescents have strengths and will fully develop when these strengths are integrated with healthy resources in the diverse environments where they live and interact. The objective of this study was twofold: (1) to present the Positive Development Program for Adolescents living in rural areas (DPAR Program) and (2) to pilot test the intervention program. The DPAR program was evaluated using a repeated-measures design before and after the intervention, with an intervention group and a control group. The sample consisted of 176 adolescents between 11 and 15 years old (M = 12.89, SD = 0.90) who belonged to two high schools with similar characteristics located in rural settings. A mixed-design analysis of variance was performed for each dependent variable. Results showed a significant increase in most of the study variables (self-esteem, self-efficacy, group identity, empathy, relational skills, assertiveness, and conflict resolution) and a significant decrease in alexithymia, as well as better academic performance. All this evidence indicates that the DPAR program is effective in promoting positive adolescent development and addresses the lack of programs based on the PYD approach in rural areas.

scholarly journals Understanding Offender Needs Over Forms of Isolation Using a Repeated Measures Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (6) ◽  
pp. 639-661
Author(s):  
Michael F. Campagna ◽  
Melissa A. Kowalski ◽  
Laurie A. Drapela ◽  
Mary K. Stohr ◽  
Elizabeth Thompson Tollefsbol ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
High School Education ◽  
Exogenous Variables ◽  
Mental Impairment ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Vocational Programming ◽  
Male Inmates

A number of studies find that solitary confinement is associated with mental impairment. Yet, confinement dosage and which individual and exogenous variables lead to mental impairment have received less attention. This study of 2 years of data on disciplinary segregation male inmates employs a repeated measures design to examine how isolation affects mental health and psychological needs. The findings indicate that the duration of disciplinary segregation and incarceration, incidence of homelessness, and other individual-level factors had deleterious effects on mental health and psychological needs. Vocational programming and a high school education were found to be protective factors for psychological needs.

scholarly journals Impact Evaluation of an Addiction Intervention Program in a Quebec Prison

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. SART.S22464
Author(s):  
Catherine Arseneault ◽  
Marc Alain ◽  
Chantal Plourde ◽  
Francine Ferland ◽  
Nadine Blanchette-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Objectives This study evaluates the effects of a prison-based addiction intervention program. The evaluation is based on a multidimensional data collection that draws a portrait of the respondents’ substance use, and of their psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres. It measures the changes, or lack thereof, in substance use; the psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres; as well as the post-treatment services used. Method A quasi-experimental repeated measures design (0, 6 weeks, and 6 months) was used. Effects of the program were identified by comparing the results obtained by a group of inmates who had participated in the program ( n = 80; experimental group) with those of another group who had received no intervention ( n = 70; control group). Results The preliminary results suggested a certain treatment effect related to impulsivity and psychological distress. Conclusion Although the preliminary results were promising, the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly when more robust analyses were used.

Diagnostic Hearing Assessment in Schools: Validity and Time Efficiency of Automated Audiometry

2016 ◽  
Vol 27 (01) ◽  
pp. 042-048 ◽  
Author(s):  
Faheema Mahomed-Asmail ◽  
De Wet Swanepoel ◽  
Robert H. Eikelboom
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
Bone Conduction ◽  
False Positives ◽  
Hearing Screening ◽  
Time Efficiency ◽  
Screening Programs ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
School Based ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Poor follow-up compliance from school-based hearing screening typically undermines the efficacy of school-based hearing screening programs. Onsite diagnostic audiometry with automation may reduce false positives and ensure directed referrals. Purpose: To investigate the validity and time efficiency of automated diagnostic air- and bone-conduction audiometry for children in a natural school environment following hearing screening. Research Design: A within-subject repeated measures design was employed to compare air- and bone-conduction pure-tone thresholds (0.5–4 kHz), measured by manual and automated pure-tone audiometry. Study Sample: Sixty-two children, 25 males and 37 females, with an average age of 8 yr (standard deviation [SD] = 0.92; range = 6–10 yr) were recruited for this study. The participants included 30 children who failed on a hearing screening and 32 children who passed a hearing screening. Data Analysis: Threshold comparisons were made for air- and bone-conduction thresholds across ears tested with manual and automated audiometry. To avoid a floor effect thresholds of 15 dB HL were excluded in analyses. The Wilcoxon signed ranked test was used to compare threshold correspondence for manual and automated thresholds and the paired samples t-test was used to compare test time. Statistical significance was set as p ≤ 0.05. Results: 85.7% of air-conduction thresholds and 44.6% of bone-conduction thresholds corresponded within the normal range (15 dB HL) for manual and automated audiometry. Both manual and automated audiometry air- and bone-conduction thresholds exceeded 15 dB HL in 9.9% and 34.0% of thresholds, respectively. For these thresholds, average absolute differences for air- and bone-conduction thresholds were 6.3 (SD = 8.3) and 2.2 dB (SD = 3.6) and they corresponded within 10 dB across frequencies in 87.7% and 100.0%, respectively. There was no significant difference between manual and automated air- and bone-conduction across frequencies for these thresholds. Conclusion: Using onsite automated diagnostic audiometry for children who fail hearing screening may improve the efficacy of school-based screening programs by reducing false positives and ensuring directed referrals for audiological or medical intervention or both.

Assessing the Effectiveness of a School-Based Dental Clinic on the Oral Health of Children Who Lack Access to Dental Care

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 181-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Carpino ◽  
Mary P. Walker ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Melanie Simmer-Beck
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Dental Care ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
School Nurses ◽  
Dental Clinic ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
School Based ◽  
Student Access ◽  
Access To Dental Care

This program evaluation examines the effectiveness of a school-based dental clinic. A repeated-measures design was used to longitudinally examine secondary data from participants ( N = 293). Encounter intensity was developed to normalize data. Multivariate analysis of variance and Kruskal–Wallis test were used to investigate the effect of encounter intensity on the change in decay, restorations, and treatment urgency. A Pearson’s correlation was used to measure the strengths of association. Encounter intensity had a statistically significant effect on change in decay ( p = .005), restorations ( p = .000), and treatment urgency ( p = .001). As encounter intensity increased, there was a significant association with the decrease in decay (−.167), increase in restorations (.221), and reduction in referral urgency (−.188). Incorporating dental care into a school-based health center resulted in improved oral health in underserved children while overcoming barriers that typically restrict access. The collaboration of school nurses with the school-based dental clinic was an important element for maximizing student access to dental care.

scholarly journals Considerations for Individual-Level Versus Whole-School Physical Activity Interventions: Stakeholder Perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (14) ◽  
pp. 7628
Author(s):  
Byron Tibbitts ◽  
Kathryn Willis ◽  
Tom Reid ◽  
Simon J. Sebire ◽  
Rona Campbell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Evidence Base ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Whole School ◽  
School Based ◽  
School Based Interventions ◽  
Whole School Approach

Strategies to address declining physical activity levels among children and adolescents have focused on ‘individual-level’ approaches which often fail to demonstrate impact. Recent attention has been on an alternative ‘whole-school’ approach to increasing physical activity that involves promoting physical activity throughout all aspects of the school environment. There is, however, a lack of evidence on how whole-school physical activity approaches could be implemented in the UK. This qualitative study explored perspectives of key stakeholders on potential reasons for the lack of impact of individual-level school-based interventions on children’s physical activity, and key considerations for adopting a whole-school approach. Nineteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with a range of stakeholders involved in the implementation of physical activity programmes in UK schools. Data were analysed using an inductive approach. Respondents suggested that individual-level school-based interventions to increase physical activity often failed to consult end users in the design and were typically implemented in environments unsupportive of long-term change. They subsequently outlined specific barriers and key facilitators for the adoption and implementation of whole-school approaches in UK settings and recommended a shift in research foci towards building an evidence base around educational outcomes and whole-school implementation insights.

Children Exposed to Intimate Partner Violence and the Reported Effects of Psychosocial Interventions

2013 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 635-655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin K. Grip ◽  
Kjerstin Almqvist ◽  
Ulf Axberg ◽  
Anders G. Broberg
Keyword(s):  
Intimate Partner Violence ◽  
Behavioral Problems ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Psychosocial Interventions ◽  
Intimate Partner ◽  
Reliable Change Index ◽  
Traditional Group ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

Using a repeated measures design posttraumatic stress (PTS), psychological and behavioral problems significantly decreased following intervention in children exposed to intimate partner violence (IPV), with use of traditional group analyses. Analyses using the reliable change index (RCI), however, revealed that few children were improved or recovered, implying that interventions in common use should be evaluated for their significant impact on the individual level in addition to group level statistics. Positive changes in children’s behavioral problems were related to the mother’s improvement of their own mental health. Direct victimization by the perpetrator was not associated with treatment changes but with higher symptom levels at study entry. Amount of contact with the perpetrator was neither related to symptom load nor to changes following treatment.

scholarly journals Association of workplace social capital with psychological distress: results from a longitudinal multilevel analysis of the J-HOPE Study

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. e022569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hisashi Eguchi ◽  
Akizumi Tsutsumi ◽  
Akiomi Inoue ◽  
Hiroyuki Hikichi ◽  
Ichiro Kawachi
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Capital ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Distress Scale ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Workplace Social Capital

ObjectivesWorkplace social capital (WSC) is increasingly recognised as a social contextual determinant of workers’ mental health, but longitudinal data are sparse. We aimed to evaluate the impact of changes in unit-level WSC on psychological distress among Japanese employees using a prospective multilevel repeated-measures design.Participants and study designWe conducted a 2-year prospective cohort study with 1,944 men and 786 women aged 18–65 years. Participants worked at two manufacturing worksites in Japan and were free from mental illness from the first to third study waves. We used a three-level multilevel regression design to evaluate the prospective association of unit-level WSC with individual-level psychological distress. WSC was measured using a validated six-item instrument and individual-level psychological distress with the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K6).ResultsThe null model indicated a significant degree of between-work unit variation in psychological distress (intraclass correlation=0.1%, p<0.001). In the full model, each SD increase in unit-level WSC was associated with 0.69 point improvement in K6 scores (95% CI −1.12 to −0.26).ConclusionsThis prospective study builds on existing knowledge by showing an association between unit-level WSC and modest improvements in mental health among employees in Japan. We recommend that WSC is considered alongside other contextual influences when assessing employees’ mental health risks.

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