Picturing the past: The Berlin Wall at 25

2017 ◽  
Vol 79 (8) ◽  
pp. 701-721 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel Somerstein
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Qualitative Content Analysis ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Journalism History ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
25Th Anniversary ◽  
The Past ◽  
Textual Representations ◽  
Different Cultures

Although the mass media is an important tool that audiences rely on to learn about the past, the relationship among journalism, history, and memory is still underdeveloped; visual collective memory, like visual studies in other subfields, has received even less attention than written and textual representations of collective memory. To address that gap, this article uses a qualitative content analysis to assess how 15 newspapers commemorated the 25th anniversary of the Berlin Wall’s opening through photographs. Newspapers from countries that were capitalist and communist in 1989 are compared to identify the ways that different cultures ‘remember’ the same past. Five genres of images emerged: iconic photographs, memorials, metonymic and mythological portraits, metonymic relics, and images of resistance, though these genres were framed differently depending on a country’s political system in 1989. In comparing this cross-cultural collective memory, this study looks at what these visual commemorations reveal about cross-cultural anniversary practices, an area of memory studies that has received little attention.

Remains of a Picnic: Post-Transition Hungary and Its Austro-Hungarian Past

2013 ◽  
Vol 44 ◽  
pp. 255-291
Author(s):  
Márton Dornbach
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Complex Dynamics ◽  
East Germany ◽  
Transition Process ◽  
Eastern European ◽  
Iron Curtain ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Past

It is difficult to imagine how collective memory might function without the watershed dates that structure our stories about the past. Almost by definition, however, such familiar milestones fail to capture the complex dynamics of the transition from one era to the next. A case in point is the dismantling of the Iron Curtain. As the anniversary commemorations of 2009 showed, this development came to be epitomized by the tearing down of the Berlin Wall on 9 November 1989. One does not need to doubt the importance of this event to see that its sheer symbolic weight tends to obscure the intricacies of the Eastern European transition process. More often than not, accounts that foreground this turning point marginalize some sixty million Hungarians, Poles, Czechs, and Slovaks who embarked on the transition process well ahead of the citizens of East Germany.

scholarly journals Cross-cultural perspective on sustainable consumption: implications for consumer motivations and promotion

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleem Ur Rahman ◽  
Agnieszka Chwialkowska ◽  
Nazim Hussain ◽  
Waheed Akbar Bhatti ◽  
Harri Luomala
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Sustainable Consumption ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Cultural Value ◽  
Cultural Perspective ◽  
Advertising Appeals ◽  
The Past ◽  
Promotion Strategies ◽  
Different Cultures

AbstractFirms in the past have based their marketing and promotion strategies on the assumption of infinite resources and zero environmental impact. With the growing importance of environmental costs associated with finite resources, firms need to revisit their marketing and promotion strategies. This study defines and conceptualizes horizontal/vertical individualism–collectivism (H/V I-C) cultural value orientations as antecedents of sustainable consumption. Drawing on H/V I-C value orientations, this study attempts to build a sustainable consumption model to better understand how horizontal/vertical individualism–collectivism cultural values are reflected in consumers’ sustainable consumption motives and how they can be translated into persuasive advertising appeals tailored to specific cultural segments. This study contributes to provide new theoretical and managerial insights into understanding culturally relevant sustainable consumption motives and to establish appropriate strategies of sustainable consumption promotion in cross-cultural contexts. Most importantly, this study provides implications to companies for balancing more carefully their growth goals with the need to pursue sustainability across different cultures.

scholarly journals Rethinking history and memory in organization studies: The case for historiographical reflexivity

2020 ◽  
pp. 001872672092744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Decker ◽  
John Hassard ◽  
Michael Rowlinson
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Organizational Memory ◽  
Potential Contribution ◽  
Organization Studies ◽  
Organizational History ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
Methodological Choices ◽  
The Past ◽  
Memory Traces

The historic turn in organization studies has led to greater appreciation of the potential contribution from historical research. However, there is increasing emphasis on integrating history into organization studies, rather than on recognizing how accommodating history might require a reorientation. As a result, key conceptual and methodological insights from historiography have been overlooked or at times misrepresented. We identify four modes of enquiry that highlight distinctions from history about ‘how to conceptualize’ and ‘how to research’ the past. First, historical organization studies research the past primarily through reference to archival sources. Second, retrospective organizational history reconstructs the past principally from retrospective accounts, such as those generated in oral history. Third, retrospective organizational memory uses ethnography and interviews to explore the role of memory in the present. Fourth, historical organizational memory traces the institutionalization of organizational memory through archival research. From the analysis, we argue that historical organization studies are increasingly established, and interest in ‘uses of the past’ has contributed to the rise of retrospective organizational memory. However, historiographical reflexivity – a new concept for organization studies – focuses attention on engaging with both history and collective memory, and on the distinct methodological choices between archival and retrospective methods.

Therapeutic forgetting, agonistic remembrance: Conflicting memories of Izmir’s Kültürpark and contested narratives in contemporary Turkey

2020 ◽  
pp. 175069802092143
Author(s):  
Emre Gönlügür ◽  
Devrim Sezer
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Political Theory ◽  
Architectural History ◽  
Memory Studies ◽  
National Narratives ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Recent Memory ◽  
History Of ◽  
Muslim Communities

This article proposes to read the history of Izmir’s Kültürpark as symptomatic of Turkey’s troubled relationship with its political past and urban heritage. Combining insights from political theory, urban and architectural history, and memory studies for a transdisciplinary analysis, it problematizes the oblivion surrounding Kültürpark and explores the ways in which this collective amnesia is questioned by contemporary artists and civic initiatives. First, we examine how Kültürpark rose on a foundation of forgetting of the uprooting of Izmir’s non-Muslim communities from their homeland and the disappearance of their cultural traces from collective memory. Second, we explore how contemporary artistic and civic interventions that engage with the themes of remembrance and coming to terms with the past contest highly selective memory constructs. Third, we raise the question of whether the agonistic debates on the national narratives about the past might open up a new memoryscape and signal a relatively late ‘memory turn’ in Turkey. Finally, we argue that these artistic and civic interventions might shed new light on the theoretical disputes in memory studies, in particular on the debates about cosmopolitan and agonistic modes of remembering. More specifically, we suggest that the recent memory turn Turkey has been experiencing demonstrates that these two modes of remembering are not mutually exclusive.

scholarly journals Gra figurami pamięci zbiorowej w utworze artystycznym. Z zagadnień lingwistyki pamięci

LingVaria ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (27) ◽  
pp. 51-65
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Niewiara
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
20Th Century ◽  
Literary Text ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Current Concept ◽  
Berlin Wall ◽  
The Past ◽  
European Culture ◽  
Artistic Work ◽  
Linguistic Means

Playing with Figures of Collective Memory in Artistic Work. Issues in Memory LinguisticsThe article presents an ethnolinguistic analysis of A. Stasiuk’s drama Czekając na Turka (‘Waiting for the Turk’). Staged in 2009, the play examines figures of communicative and cultural collective memory, to use Jan Assmann’s terminology. Particular attention is given to linguistic means of lexical and syntactic archaization of literary text, used to elicit associations with the past images of Turks in Polish and European imagination, and in consequence, to propose an interpretation of an important event in European culture and history at the end of the 20th century: the fall of the Berlin Wall. In comparison with the older concept of antemurale Christianitatis (associated with Ottoman Turks’ incursions against European countries), the importance of the modern, current concept is reduced.

scholarly journals MNEMONIC CAPABILITIES: COLLECTIVE MEMORY AS A DYNAMIC CAPABILITY

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (3) ◽  
pp. 258-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego M. Coraiola ◽  
Roy Suddaby ◽  
William M. Foster
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Dynamic Capabilities ◽  
Dynamic Theory ◽  
Time History ◽  
Social Constructionist ◽  
Dynamic Capability ◽  
History And Memory ◽  
The Past ◽  
Managerial Action ◽  
Over Time

ABSTRACT Dynamic capabilities (DCs) are the processes that organizations develop to remain competitive over time. However, in spite of the importance of temporality in the development of DCs, the roles of time, history, and memory remain largely implicit. In fact, most studies focus on the past as a source of constraints and limits for managerial action. Alternatively, we advocate for a social constructionist view of the past. Our core argument is that the capacity to manage the past is a critical competence of modern organizations. We argue that organizations can manage their collective memory as resources that aid the objective reproduction and exploitation of existing routines, the interpretive reconstruction and recombination of past capabilities for adaptation to environmental change, and the imaginative extension and exploration of collective memory for anticipated scenarios and outcomes. This renewed view of time, history, and memory is better suited for a dynamic theory of competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Monuments on city photos. Interaction and confrontation between the past and the present

2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 9-22
Author(s):  
Alexandra L. Yurgeneva
Keyword(s):  
Collective Memory ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Active Movement ◽  
Self Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ritual Action ◽  
Secular Society ◽  
Monuments And Memorials ◽  
Aesthetic Characteristics ◽  
Different Cultures

The paper explores the photos that capture monuments and memorials. A topical issue is the collision of various cultural and temporal layers in the image, as well as the interaction of personal and collective memory, arising as a result of imprinting a person and a monument on a photograph. The aim of the study was to create a typology formulated on the basis of the functions of photographs and their aesthetic characteristics. Each of the types was considered from the point of view of its significance in the culture of memory and in relation to other commemorative practices. Special attention was paid to the touristic photography, acting as a meeting and dialogue of different cultures. The importance of this topic is explained by the active movement of people between cities and countries and the erasure of spatial boundaries in the Internet network, where the bulk of digital photographs circulate. The paper reveals that such images may act as sources of conflict that arises out of the collision of traveler's self-identity and a collective memory of another people. As a result of the study, three main types of images were identified: 1) the monument as an artistic object in the environment, 2) tourist photography, 3) reporting photographs taken during official celebrations. In each case, the imprinting of the monument is subordinated to a specific task. The author comes to the conclusion that photographing monuments meets the needs of secular society in a ritual action expressing respect, attention or interest in relation to an object that preserves the memory of a place, event or person.

Understanding the Communication Needs of Culturally and Linguistically Diverse Students Who Are Deafblind

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (12) ◽  
pp. 81-88
Author(s):  
Sandy K. Bowen ◽  
Silvia M. Correa-Torres
Keyword(s):  
Sign Language ◽  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Culturally And Linguistically Diverse ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Linguistically Diverse Students ◽  
The Past ◽  
Communication Needs ◽  
Different Cultures

America's population is more diverse than ever before. The prevalence of students who are culturally and/or linguistically diverse (CLD) has been steadily increasing over the past decade. The changes in America's demographics require teachers who provide services to students with deafblindness to have an increased awareness of different cultures and diversity in today's classrooms, particularly regarding communication choices. Children who are deafblind may use spoken language with appropriate amplification, sign language or modified sign language, and/or some form of augmentative and alternative communication (AAC).

The Palestinian Refugee Camps In Jordan: Between National Identity and Socio-economic Integration

2004 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-221 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ala Al-Hamarneh
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Economic Integration ◽  
Refugee Camps ◽  
Spatial Integration ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Cultural Traditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Distinct Character ◽  
Palestinian Refugee

At least 50 per cent of the population of Jordan is of Palestinian origin. Some 20 per cent of the registered refugees live in ten internationally organized camps, and another 20 per cent in four locally organized camps and numerous informal camps. The camps organized by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestine Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA) play a major role in keeping Palestinian identity alive. That identity reflects the refugees' rich cultural traditions, political activities, as well as their collective memory, and the distinct character of each camp. Over the past two decades integration of the refugees within Jordanian society has increased. This paper analyses the transformation of the identity of the camp dwellers, as well as their spatial integration in Jordan, and other historical and contemporary factors contributing to this transformation.

Collective Memory: Between Values and Historical Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 124-142
Author(s):  
VICTOR BURLACHUK
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Soviet Union ◽  
Collective Memory ◽  
Rapid Change ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
The State ◽  
Main Element ◽  
Rapid Decline ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Future

At the end of the twentieth century, questions of a secondary nature suddenly became topical: what do we remember and who owns the memory? Memory as one of the mental characteristics of an individual’s activity is complemented by the concept of collective memory, which requires a different method of analysis than the activity of a separate individual. In the 1970s, a situation arose that gave rise to the so-called "historical politics" or "memory politics." If philosophical studies of memory problems of the 30’s and 40’s of the twentieth century were focused mainly on the peculiarities of perception of the past in the individual and collective consciousness and did not go beyond scientific discussions, then half a century later the situation has changed dramatically. The problem of memory has found its political sound: historians and sociologists, politicians and representatives of the media have entered the discourse on memory. Modern society, including all social, ethnic and family groups, has undergone a profound change in the traditional attitude towards the past, which has been associated with changes in the structure of government. In connection with the discrediting of the Soviet Union, the rapid decline of the Communist Party and its ideology, there was a collapse of Marxism, which provided for a certain model of time and history. The end of the revolutionary idea, a powerful vector that indicated the direction of historical time into the future, inevitably led to a rapid change in perception of the past. Three models of the future, which, according to Pierre Nora, defined the face of the past (the future as a restoration of the past, the future as progress and the future as a revolution) that existed until recently, have now lost their relevance. Today, absolute uncertainty hangs over the future. The inability to predict the future poses certain challenges to the present. The end of any teleology of history imposes on the present a debt of memory. Features of the life of memory, the specifics of its state and functioning directly affect the state of identity, both personal and collective. Distortion of memory, its incorrect work, and its ideological manipulation can give rise to an identity crisis. The memorial phenomenon is a certain political resource in a situation of severe socio-political breaks and changes. In the conditions of the economic crisis and in the absence of a real and clear program for future development, the state often seeks to turn memory into the main element of national consolidation.

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