scholarly journals Forensic conflict studies: Making sense of war in the social media age

2021 ◽  
pp. 175063522110373
Author(s):  
Jakob Hauter

Online media is a blessing and a curse for academic research on war. On the one hand, the internet provides unprecedented access to information from conflict zones. On the other hand, the prevalence of disinformation can make it difficult to use this information in a transparent way. This article proposes digital forensic process tracing as a methodological innovation to tackle this challenge and make case study research on the causes of war fit for the social media age. It argues that two important features of process-tracing methodology – source criticism and Bayesian updating – are well developed in theory but are rarely applied to the study of armed conflict. Digital forensic process tracing applies these features to online media sources by drawing on the journalistic practice of open source intelligence (OSINT) analysis. This article uses the case of the war in eastern Ukraine’s Donbas region to illustrate the usefulness of the proposed methodology.

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 18-35
Author(s):  
Brendan O'Hallarn ◽  
James Strode

As sport management pedagogy has evolved, an effort has been made to incorporate popular and innovative social media technologies into classroom instruction. Academic research has suggested how the technology can be utilized to provide real-world skills for students and develop proficiencies in an area where many sport management graduates find employment. Notable among the recommendations about social media use by sport management scholars is a lack of research testing the efficacy of these tools in improving curricula. The current study relied on the recommendations of Sanderson and Browning (2015) to use the social media site Twitter to create online partnerships, testing the perceived benefits of such an arrangement through end-of-semester surveys with student participants. While the survey data show a true partnership may be difficult to realize—particularly during a single semester—the benefits of such an assignment were clearly articulated.


2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 114
Author(s):  
Dewi Rachmawati ◽  
Lestari Nurhajati

ABSTRACT Scientists who use cohort generation (generation cohorts) to classify subjects by age group, strongly believe in differences in attitudes, behaviors and communication in each generation. Millennials in the age range of 23-39 (born 1980-1995) tend to be depicted as relying heavily on communication based on internet technology. This situation certainly causes significant communication changes, including when these millennials become entrepreneurs, inevitably they will rely on communication via online media. In 2018, several rows of Indonesian millennials entered the ranks of successful Asian entrepreneurs under the age of 30. This phenomenon certainly becomes interesting to study about how the use of online media by young entrepreneurs as a means of their communication with the public. This study aims to find out how the personal branding of millennial entrepreneurs is built with communication via online media. The personal branding study that is often used as a guideline is the Eight Laws of Personal Branding concept, which is a personal branding strategy that emphasizes the side; specialization, leadership, personality, distinctiveness, visibility, unity, persistence, and goodwill. This study uses the content analysis (content analysis) approach to 5 online media (Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, LinkedIn and Website / blog) owned by 5 millennial entrepreneurs (Dian Pelangi, Fransisca Hadiwidjana, Talita Setyadi, Rorian Pratyaksa, and Stanislaus Tandelilin) within 1 year (1 January 2018 - 31 December 2018). The results of this study indicate that the effort to build personal branding on each of the online media owned, is only attached to the figure of Dian Pelangi, who is very active in using all lines of social media. While the other 4 subjects actually did not all actively utilize the social media / online media they had..Keywords:  online media communication, millennials, personal branding, millennial entrepreneurs, digital era.  ABSTRAK Ilmuwan yang menggunakan cohort generation (generasi kohort) untuk menggolongkan subyek berdasarkan kelompok umur, sangat mempercayai adanya perbedaan sikap, perilaku dan komunikasi pada tiap generasi. Generasi milenial dalam rentang usia 23-39 (lahir 1980-1995) cenderung digambarkan sangat mengandalkan komunikasi berbasis penggunaan teknologi internet. Situasi ini tentu menyebabkan perubahan komunikasi yang signifikan, termasuk ketika para milenial ini menjadi pengusaha, mau tidak mau mereka akan mengandalkan komunikasi via media online. Tahun 2018 lalu beberapa deretan pengusaha milenial Indonesia masuk dalam jajaran pengusaha sukses Asia di bawah usia 30 tahun. Fenomena ini tentu menjadi menarik untuk diteliti tentang bagaimana penggunaan media online para pengusaha muda ini sebagai sarana komunikasi mereka dengan publik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui bagaimana personal branding para pengusaha milenial dibangun dengan komunikasi via media online. Kajian personal branding yang sering dijadikan pedoman adalah konsep Eight Laws of Personal Branding, yakni strategi personal branding yang menekankan pada sisi; spesialisasi, kepemimpinan, kepribadian, kekhasan, terlihat, Kesamaan antara yang terlihat dan tak terlihat, kegigihan dan itikad baik. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan penelitian content analysis (analisis isi) atas 5 media online (Instagram, Facebook, Twitter, Youtube, LinkedIn dan Website/blog) yang dimiliki oleh 5 pengusaha milenial (Dian Pelangi, Fransisca Hadiwidjana, Talita Setyadi, Rorian Pratyaksa, dan Stanislaus Tandelilin) dalam kurun waktu 1 tahun (1 januari 2018 - 31 Desember 2018). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa upaya membangun personal branding pada masing-masing media online yang dimiliki, hanya melekat pada sosok Dian Pelangi, yang sangat aktif menggunakan semua lini media sosialnya. Sementara ke 4 subyek lainnya justru tidak semuanya aktif memanfaatkan media sosial/ media online yang dimilikinya..Kata Kunci: komunikasi media online, milenial, personal branding, pengusaha milenial, era digital.


Author(s):  
Veronica R. Dawson

This chapter traces the concept of organizational identity in organization theory and places it in the social media context. It proposes that organizational communication theories intellectually based in the “linguistic turn” (e.g., the Montreal School Approach to how communication constitutes organizations, communicative theory of the firm) are well positioned to illuminate the constitutive capabilities of identity-bound interaction on social media. It suggest that social media is more than another organizational tool for communication with stakeholders in that it affords interactants the opportunity to negotiate foundational organizational practices: organizational identity, boundaries, and membership, in public. In this negotiative process, the organizing role of the stakeholder is emphasized and legitimized by organizational participation and engagement on social media platforms. The Montreal School Approach's conversation–text dialectic and the communicative theory of the firm's conceptualization of organizations as social, are two useful concepts when making sense of organization–stakeholder interaction in the social media context.


Author(s):  
Benjamin Teitelbaum

This chapter discusses the life and work of Daniel Friberg, who takes a leading part in running a range of online media. Friberg’s main impact has been his implementation of metapolitics. Distinguished by his strategy and method rather than ideological inventions, Friberg advanced his career through a series of outreach, rebranding, and socialization initiatives. The products of this metapolitical activism include multiple newspapers and magazines, a publishing house, and online social media. By the 2010s these projects were replacing skinheadism as the social center of a fractious and sectarian Nordic radical nationalism. This unifying function has since been at the forefront of collaboration between American and European white activists.


2020 ◽  
pp. 1-20
Author(s):  
Stefan Wolff

Abstract Focusing on process tracing and using the example of fieldwork in Donbas, I develop an argument on what theoretically grounded and empirically detailed methodological solutions can be considered to mitigate the challenges of research on conflict zones and assure the robustness of any causal claims made. I first outline my assumptions about process tracing as the central case study method and its application to research on conflict zones, and then discuss in more detail data requirements, data collection, and data analysis. Using two examples of case studies on the war in and over Donbas, I illustrate how three standards of best-practice in process tracing—the need for a theory-guided inquiry, the necessity to enhance causal inference by paying attention to (and ruling out) rival explanations, and the importance of transparency in the design and execution of research—can be applied in the challenging circumstances of fieldwork-based case studies of conflict zones. I conclude by suggesting that as a minimum threshold for reliance upon causal inferences, these three standards also should align with a standard of evidence that requires both the theoretical and empirical plausibility of any conclusions drawn.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Christian Carvajal-Miranda ◽  
Luis Mañas-Viniegra ◽  
Li Liang

The COVID-19 epidemic was the first universal health crisis since China entered the era of mobile social media. When Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) broke out in 2003, it was not until almost six years later that Weibo was born, marking China’s entry into the era of mobile social media (Weixin 2020). In this context, this research analysed the role of the social media platform Weibo and the Internet search browser Baidu, in a government controlled online media environment, during the COVID-19 pandemic. In order to undertake this study, we applied the use of content and sentiment analysis to the discourse identified through the topics published during the investigation period, which encompassed 15 December 2019 until 15 March 2020. From the findings of this study, we concluded that, during the pre- and post-COVID-19 period, there was an important presence of social and lifestyle topic categories dominating the online discourse, which dramatically changed in correlation to the increasing spread of the disease. Additionally, there was a marked absence of topics in relation to economic and political information, and there was a notable absence of an official Government “voice” generating topics.


2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630511986180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Lutzky ◽  
Robert Lawson

This article presents the findings of a corpus linguistic analysis of the hashtags #mansplaining, #manspreading, and #manterruption, three lexical blends which have recently found widespread use across a variety of online media platforms. Focusing on the social media and microblogging site Twitter, we analyze a corpus of over 20,000 tweets containing these hashtags to examine how discourses of gender politics and gender relations are represented on the site. More specifically, our analysis suggests that users include these hashtags in tweets to index their individual evaluations of, and assumptions about, “proper” gendered behavior. Consequently, their metadiscursive references to the respective phenomena reflect their beliefs of what constitutes appropriate (verbal) behavior and the extent to which gender is appropriated as a variable dictating this behavior. As such, this article adds to our knowledge of the ways in which gendered social practices become sites of contestation and how contemporary gender politics play out in social media sites.


2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Himmatul Khairah ◽  
Shuri Mariasih Gietty Tambunan

Sebagai bagian dari perkembangan teknologi digital yang sangat dinamis, media sosial dapat berfungsi sebagai media pemberdayaan perempuan atau media untuk meningkatkan kesadaran (awareness) terhadap isu-isu gender. Akan tetapi, dalam kenyataannya, media sosial justru dipakai sebagai alat pelanggeng dominasi ideologi patriarki yang memosisikan perempuan sebagai obyek atau pihak yang lebih inferior. Kajian kritis terhadap media sosial melalui pendekatan multi disiplin seperti yang dilakukan dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan metode digital ethnography harus terus dikembangkan agar penelitian akademis dapat membongkar ideologi dominan dalam praktik budaya yang terjadi di media sosial. Penelitian ini menganalisis bagaimana media sosial Instagram digunakan oleh penggunanya, dalam hal ini seorang public figure, yang memiliki follower dalam jumlah banyak melalui akun @phtfcl, untuk mengkonstruksi imaji laki-laki maskulin sebagai individu yang sukses karena memiliki kekayaan yang dapat digunakan untuk mendapatkan perempuan ‘ideal’. Pemikiran dasar penelitian ini adalah bagaimana objektifikasi perempuan terutama dalam media sosial sangat terkait dengan status sosial perempuan di dunia ‘nyata.’ Inilah yang kemudian menjadi signikansi utama mengapa media sosial harus selalu dipermasalahkan kompleksitasnya. Permasalahan utama adalah bagaimana PHT mengkonstruksi pemaknaan dominan atas dirinya sebagai bagian dari konstruksi dominan mengenai maskulinitas yang memosisikan perempuan sebagai obyek. Temuan penelitian menunjukkan objektifikasi perempuan sebagai bentuk pelanggengan budaya patriarki yang direproduksi secara berkesinambungan oleh media sosial. Akan tetapi, peneliti juga menemukan adanya dinamika afirmasi dan kontestasi oleh warganet sebagai bagian dari masyarakat jejaring yang secara aktif menunjukkan agensinya dalam memaknai objektifikasi tersebut. As part of the dynamic development of digital technology, social media serves as a medium for women empowerment or to increase awareness of gender issues. However, in reality, social media is often used as a tool to perpetuate the domination of patriarchal ideology that positions women as more inferior objects or party. Critical studies of social media through a multidisciplinary approach as conducted in this study using digital ethnography methods must continue to be developed in order for academic research to dismantle the dominant ideology in cultural practices that occur in social media. This study analyze how Instagram social media is used, in this case, by a public figure with a large number of followers through the @phtfcl account, to construct the image of masculine men as successful individuals because they have wealth that can be used to get 'ideal' women. The basic thinking of this research is how the objectification of women, especially in social media is closely related to the social status of women in the 'real' world. This is then the main significance of why social media must always be questioned about its complexity. The main problem is how PHT constructs the dominant meaning of himself as part of the dominant construction of masculinity that positions women as objects. Research findings show objectification of women as a form of perpetuating patriarchal culture that is reproduced on an ongoing basis by social media. However, researchers also found the dynamics of affirmation and contestation by citizens as part of a networked society that actively shows its agency in interpreting said objectification.


2017 ◽  
Vol 64 (s1) ◽  
pp. 15-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Klepek

Abstract With the advent of social media where customers have the technical ability to upload own content the change occurred in some of the communication habits online. This world of constant communication is a challenge for businesses as well researchers. Academic research in this area is bringing valuable insights into people attitudes and behaviour on the social media. What is the current situation and where the research field is heading is a question of high importance. This study uses the systematic approach to reviewing the literature and to show the development of publications produced at Czech universities. Although the results show an increasing number of studies, Czech research is lagging behind other similar countries. Compared with the best countries, it is lagging behind in the number of quotations per article. On the basis of these analyses, suggestions for future research that can help to promote future theory development are proposed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-84
Author(s):  
Moch Calvin Ali ◽  
Arta Uly Siahaan

Gudnyus.id is an online media and social news website concept. To support its popularity and bring out its existence, a promotional medium is needed.  Based on the questionnaire that the author has distributed online via google form with the target of general public respondents in the urban center of Batam, information is obtained from the questionnaire, 60.6% of the public does not know while 39.4% knows, but only sees Gudnyus. Id posters or flyers on social media.  Consequently, Gudnyus.id requires promotional support in the form of video, which is chosen because Gudnyus.id has no promotional support in the form of videos, particularly animated videos.  In the production of promotional videos, the author uses the Villamil-Molina search method to support the design.  There are five phases: development, pre-production, production, postproduction and delivery.  The author uses the epic model method as an analysis to test the efficacy of Gudnyus.id's promotional media based on motion graphs.  The information in the promotional video includes an introduction to Gudnyus.id as an online media, website heading, and the social media used by Gudnyus.id to transmit the information.  from the output of the efficacy analysis using epic model, it’s known that the promotional video of Gudnyus.id based on the movement charts was found to be effective with an average value of 4.05 empathy, 4.26 persuasion, 4.0 impact, 4.22 Communication.


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