scholarly journals When Past Group Events and Identities Define the Present: Effect of Perceived Collective Continuity on Defensive Behaviors of the French In-Group

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 183449092110054
Author(s):  
Haifat Maoulida ◽  
Jean Louis Tavani ◽  
Isabel Urdapilleta
Keyword(s):  
Group Dynamics ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Collective Actions ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Defensive Behaviors ◽  
French Identity

Previous studies have highlighted the benefits of perceived collective continuity. However, to the authors’ knowledge, none have considered the negative effects of such perceptions when they concern a negative past or take the form of a break with a positive past. The authors therefore conducted three studies to examine the influence of perceived continuity (or a break) with positive versus negative events or identities on French in-groups’ defensive behaviors (i.e., perceptions of and attitudes toward refugees and intention to engage in collective actions). They expected to observe the positive impact of a positive (rather than negative) past continuity and a negative (rather than positive) past break. The results of Experiment 1 partially confirmed this hypothesis, as individuals who identified strongly expressed a greater intention to engage in collective actions when they perceived continuity with positive past events. Similarly, participants were more opposed to the reception of refugees when they perceived continuity with a positive past French identity (Experiment 2). Finally, high-identifier participants who perceived a break with a negative past identity expressed greater opposition to the reception of refugees and saw them more as a threat (Experiment 3). The authors discuss the importance of considering the emotional valence of past group memories for the continuity literature and a better comprehension of actual in- and between-group dynamics.

scholarly journals Impact of students evaluation of teaching: a text analysis of the teachers qualities by gender

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley Okoye ◽  
Arturo Arrona-Palacios ◽  
Claudia Camacho-Zuñiga ◽  
Nisrine Hammout ◽  
Emilia Luttmann Nakamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Emotional Valence ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Educational Models ◽  
Process Innovations ◽  
Educational Domain ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Evaluation Of Teaching ◽  
Teaching Learning

AbstractToday, modern educational models are concerned with the development of the teacher-student experience and the potential opportunities it presents. User-centric analyses are useful both in terms of the socio-technical perspective on data usage within the educational domain and the positive impact that data-driven methods have. Moreover, the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) in education and process innovation has emerged due to the strategic perspectives and the process monitoring that have shown to be missing within the traditional education curricula. This study shows that there is an unprecedented increase in the amount of text-based data in different activities within the educational processes, which can be leveraged to provide useful strategic intelligence and improvement insights. Educators can apply the resultant methods and technologies, process innovations, and contextual-based information for ample support and monitoring of the teaching-learning processes and decision making. To this effect, this paper proposes an Educational Process and Data Mining (EPDM) model that leverages the perspectives or opinions of the students to provide useful information that can be used to enhance the end-to-end processes within the educational domain. Theoretically, this study applies the model to determine how the students evaluate their teachers by considering the gender of the teachers. We analyzed the underlying patterns and determined the emotional valence of the students based on their comments in the Students Evaluation of Teaching (SET). Thus, this work implements the proposed EPDM model using SET comments captured in a setting of higher education.

scholarly journals Beyond the Pandemic: COVID-19 Pandemic Changed the Face of Life

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5645
Author(s):  
Shaden A. M. Khalifa ◽  
Mahmoud M. Swilam ◽  
Aida A. Abd El-Wahed ◽  
Ming Du ◽  
Haged H. R. El-Seedi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Activities ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Mental Wellbeing ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Population Movements ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Positive Impacts

The COVID-19 pandemic is a serious challenge for societies around the globe as entire populations have fallen victim to the infectious spread and have taken up social distancing. In many countries, people have had to self-isolate and to be confined to their homes for several weeks to months to prevent the spread of the virus. Social distancing measures have had both negative and positive impacts on various aspects of economies, lifestyles, education, transportation, food supply, health, social life, and mental wellbeing. On other hands, due to reduced population movements and the decline in human activities, gas emissions decreased and the ozone layer improved; this had a positive impact on Earth’s weather and environment. Overall, the COVID-19 pandemic has negative effects on human activities and positive impacts on nature. This study discusses the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on different life aspects including the economy, social life, health, education, and the environment.

Effects of coworker's idiosyncratic deals on witness's creative process engagement: roles of responsibility for change and perceived exploitative leadership

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Jie Huang ◽  
Chunyong Tang
Keyword(s):  
Creative Process ◽  
Psychological Contract ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Idiosyncratic Deals ◽  
Psychological Contract Violation ◽  
Activation Theory ◽  
Trait Activation ◽  
Time Lagged ◽  
Contract Violation

Abstract Emerging research in the idiosyncratic deals literature is to examine its negative effects. Thus far, much remains unknown about how and when idiosyncratic deals are associated with employee creative process engagement. Invoking fairness heuristic theory and trait activation theory, we propose and test a model that coworker's idiosyncratic deals have a negative association with witness's creative process engagement through psychological contract violation. Furthermore, we theorize and test the combination of the responsibility for change and perceived exploitative leadership as important boundary conditions, associate interact with coworker's idiosyncratic deals to strengthen the positive impact on psychological contract violation, thereby reducing witness's creative process engagement. We use two time-lagged studies to provide support for these mediation and moderation effects, and also discuss the theoretical and practical implications of these findings.

Welfare Use in Japan: Trends and Determinants

2007 ◽  
pp. 88
Author(s):  
Wataru Suzuki ◽  
Yanfei Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Time Series ◽  
Longitudinal Data ◽  
Time Series Data ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Series Data ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Welfare Use ◽  
The Impact

This article represents the first step in filling a large gap in knowledge concerning why Public Assistance (PA) use recently rose so fast in Japan. Specifically, we try to address this problem not only by performing a Blanchard and Quah decomposition on long-term monthly time series data (1960:04-2006:10), but also by estimating prefecturelevel longitudinal data. Two interesting findings emerge from the time series analysis. The first is that permanent shock imposes a continuously positive impact on the PA rate and is the main driving factor behind the recent increase in welfare use. The second finding is that the impact of temporary shock will last for a long time. The rate of the use of welfare is quite rigid because even if the PA rate rises due to temporary shocks, it takes about 8 or 9 years for it to regain its normal level. On the other hand, estimations of prefecture-level longitudinal data indicate that the Financial Capability Index (FCI) of the local government2 and minimum wage both impose negative effects on the PA rate. We also find that the rapid aging of Japan's population presents a permanent shock in practice, which makes it the most prominent contribution to surging welfare use.

scholarly journals An Analysis of Host Country Characteristics that Determine FDI in Developing Countries: Recent Panel Data Evidence

2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Tariq Majeed ◽  
Eatzaz Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Multinational Corporations ◽  
Host Country ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Host Countries ◽  
Country Characteristics ◽  
General Method Of Moments

This paper analyzes a range of host country characteristics that determine foreign direct investment (FDI) flows to developing countries, using panel data on 72 countries for the period 1970-2008. Keeping in view the endogeneity problem of the chosen host country’s characteristics, the model is estimated using the General Method of Moments (GMM) technique. The analysis shows that gross domestic product (GDP), economic growth, and per capita income positively affect FDI—a result consistent with the market-seeking behavior of multinational corporations (MNCs). Furthermore, we find that remittances have a significant and positive impact on FDI. On the other hand, inflation and the balance of payments deficit have negative effects on FDI. MNCs are attracted to host countries that are outward looking and follow trade-promoting policies. This is confirmed by the positive effect of openness on FDI flows to developing countries. The study also finds that the effect of military expenditures on FDI is negative and significant. Finally, our analysis finds that the real exchange rate has a significantly negative impact on FDI.

scholarly journals To Understand the Team Cohesiveness, Teamwork Quality and Team Performance in Employee Performance in University

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S9) ◽  
pp. 853-858
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Team Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Employee Performance ◽  
Organization Performance ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Team Cohesiveness ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
The Impact

The purpose of this research is to seek and identify the impact teamwork has on organizational performance. The research to understand the teamwork quality, team cohesiveness and team performance in employee performance, identify the positive or negative effects of teamwork on employees and to examine the impact of teamwork on organization performance. Therefore, it is to determine how teamwork could effect and improve University employee’s performance within the organization. In fact, it is also to understand on how methods like teamwork quality, team cohesiveness, and teamwork performance have could be used to have positive effects in employee overall performance. The research study used correlation techniques in order to analyze the relationship between two variables that was Teamwork and Organization Performance. In many of the journals and article that was collected, there was clear evidence that teamwork and other measures of team performance are positively related with organization performance. The study of the research shown that there was a significant positive impact of teamwork on organizational performance and employee’s overall performance.

scholarly journals Studi Pengolahan Limbah Usaha Mandiri Rumah Tangga dan Dampak Bagi Kesehatan di Wilayah Kenjeran, Surabaya

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Dahruji Dahruji ◽  
Pipit Festy Wilianarti ◽  
Totok Totok Hendarto
Keyword(s):  
Research Method ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Toxic Substance ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Household Waste ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Small Industry ◽  
Small Industries

At this time the development of the industry in Indonesia is growing rapidly, there are currently large and small industries. An assortment of chemical industry, paper, textiles and cement. The small industry such as industry know. Many industries can generate positive and negative impacts. The positive impact of the industry, among others, the creation of jobs and the use of new technologies in various fields. The negative effects derived from industrial waste in the form of waste, liquid waste containing substances that are harmful to the surrounding community, so that the disposal of waste produces a toxic substance that causes the growth of bacteria that breed. With the indiscriminate disposal of waste fluids can cause problems for humans share, environment and water, can grow germs or other germs harmful to humans, would be susceptible to various diseases due to the influence of chemicals that pollute the river. Long-kelaman waste fluid change color to dark brown and smelly, and the stench is going to result in respiratory problems for people around. (Atinah fatal 2007).The research method using descriptive research method, with consecutive sampling technique to sample 21 people. Analysis using the percentage description. Results obtained 17 percent of skin disorders, diarrhea 2 percent, and laboratory values averaged COB try the 1 meter including pemcemaran being.With the existence of this study is expected an increase of knowledge in the management of household waste small industries. 

The Impact of Ceta Programs on Components of Participants' Earnings

ILR Review ◽  
1987 ◽  
Vol 40 (3) ◽  
pp. 430-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine P. Dickinson ◽  
Terry R. Johnson ◽  
Richard W. West
Keyword(s):  
Nearest Neighbor ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hourly Wage ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Hours Worked ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
Hourly Wage Rate ◽  
Women's Earnings ◽  
The Impact

This paper provides the first estimates of the net impact of CETA participation on the components of CETA participants' post-program earnings. Employing a sample of 1975 CETA enrollees and comparison groups drawn from the March 1978 CPS using a nearest-neighbor matching technique, the authors estimate statistically significant negative effects on men's earnings and statistically significant positive effects on women's earnings. These results stem partly from the impact of CETA participation on the likelihood of being employed after leaving the program (negative for men, positive for women), but also from a negative impact on hours worked during the year and hourly wage rate for men and a large positive impact on hours worked per week and weeks worked per year for women.

The Impact of the Entrepreneur’s Educational Level on the Employment Creation by New Small and Medium Enterprises

2014 ◽  
pp. 183-200
Author(s):  
João Zambujal-Oliveira ◽  
Luis Contente
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Business Owner ◽  
Employment Change ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Regional Employment ◽  
Heterogeneous Effects ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Start Ups

This chapter examines the effects of different types of start-up rates on subsequent employment change. Longitudinal data on start-ups and employment in Portuguese regions in the period 1996–2007 is used for the analysis. The study addresses whether diverse types of new small- and medium-sized enterprise formation have heterogeneous effects on regional employment generation. It is found that, for the range considered, the seven types of start-ups led to significant and negative effects on the average variation of regional employment. It is also observed that these effects were more negative for start-ups with at least one business owner with higher education in engineering and for start-ups with at least one business owner with higher education in management. The last conclusion is that the share of highly skilled employees has a statistically significant and positive impact on the average employment change and, therefore, on regional development.

Genre Differences in Soft Skills Perception and Video Game Usage in the University of Extremadura

2022 ◽  
pp. 28-49
Author(s):  
Sergio Alloza Castillo ◽  
Flavio Escribano ◽  
Óscar Rodrigo González López ◽  
María Buenadicha Mateos
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Academic Performance ◽  
Video Games ◽  
University Students ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Professional Fields ◽  
The University

The preconceived notion concerning negative effects of video games and students' academic performance is a widely known subject. However, some investigations explore the positive impact of video games on academic performance. With a sample of 247 university students, this chapter studies the perception of both gamers and non-gamers about soft skills and their current relevance in academic and professional fields. The possible relationships linking the intensity of the usage of video games, academic performance, and the perception concerning soft skills are investigated. The results expose a generalized positive perception respecting the relation between video games and the development of soft skills, specifically to the video game genre and its relevance and influence on academic performance, as well as gender differences, where women prevail in emotional and social managements, although this influence is not elevated.

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