scholarly journals In Vitro Anti-inflammatory and Antioxidant Potential of Si-Miao-San, its Modifications and Pure Compounds

2013 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 1934578X1300800
Author(s):  
Agnieszka D. Lower-Nedza ◽  
Carmen Kuess ◽  
Haiyu Zhao ◽  
Baolin Bian ◽  
Adelheid H. Brantner
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Tyrosinase Inhibitors ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inhibitory Potential ◽  
The Ancient Chinese ◽  
Low Activity

The ancient Chinese prescription Si-Miao-San (SMS), which is widely used for the treatment of various diseases, e.g. rheumatic disorders, has been modified (m1SMS, m2SMS). The purpose of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-tyrosinase effects of Si-Miao-San, of its two modifications, the component herbs, and its main pure ingredients. In vitro tyrosinase, 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and lipid peroxidation (LPO) assays were carried out in order to determine the inhibitory potential of the samples. The traditionally applied decoctions as well as their fractions ( n-hexane, DCM, n-BuOH) were tested for their activities in concentrations of 100 μg/mL and 400 μg/mL, and the pure compounds in a range 6.25 μg/mL to 100 μg/mL. In conclusion, the decoction of m2SMS exhibited strong antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay, while the decoction of the classical SMS formulation showed low activity. The present results have shown the modifications to be more efficient scavengers of free radicals, such as superoxide and peroxide radicals. In addition, the decoctions of the two modifications have been shown to be more potent tyrosinase inhibitors. These formulas may thus be used as anti-inflammatory and anti-aging prescriptions, as they may help to prevent cell damage. This study clearly establishes the two modifications of Si-Miao-San as valuable sources of natural antioxidants and anti-inflammatory agents, and also as candidates in the search for modern pharmaceuticals.

Comparative Analysis of In-Vitro Biological Activities of Methyl Eugenol Rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., Leaf Essential Oil with Pure Methyl Eugenol Compound

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (10) ◽  
pp. 927-938 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roktim Gogoi ◽  
Rikraj Loying ◽  
Neelav Sarma ◽  
Twahira Begum ◽  
Sudin K. Pandey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Methyl Eugenol ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Pure Compound ◽  
Allium Cepa Assay ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lemongrass Essential Oil

Background: The essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack. was evaluated and its bioactivities were compared with pure methyl eugenol. So far, methyl eugenol rich essential oil of lemongrass was not studied for any biological activities; hence, the present study was conducted. Objective: This study examined the chemical composition of essential oil of methyl eugenol rich Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., and evaluated its antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and herbicidal properties and genotoxicity, which were compared with pure compound, methyl eugenol. Material and Methods: Methyl eugenol rich variety of Cymbopogon khasianus Hack., with registration no. INGR18037 (c.v. Jor Lab L-9) was collected from experimental farm CSIR-NEIST, Jorhat, Assam (26.7378°N, 94.1570°E). The essential oil wasobtained by hydro-distillation using a Clevenger apparatus. The chemical composition of the essential oil was evaluated using GC/MS analysis and its antioxidant (DPPH assay, reducing power assay), anti-inflammatory (Egg albumin denaturation assay), and antimicrobial (Disc diffusion assay, MIC) properties, seed germination effect and genotoxicity (Allium cepa assay) were studied and compared with pure Methyl Eugenol compound (ME). Results: Major components detected in the Essential Oil (EO) through Gas chromatography/mass spectroscopy analysis were methyl eugenol (73.17%) and β-myrcene (8.58%). A total of 35components were detected with a total identified area percentage of 98.34%. DPPH assay revealed considerable antioxidant activity of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil (IC50= 2.263 μg/mL), which is lower than standard ascorbic acid (IC50 2.58 μg/mL), and higher than standard Methyl Eugenol (ME) (IC50 2.253 μg/mL). Methyl eugenol rich lemongrass EO showed IC50 38.00 μg/mL, ME 36.44 μg/mL, and sodium diclofenac 22.76 μg/mL, in in-vitro anti-inflammatory test. Moderate antimicrobial activity towards the 8 tested microbes was shown by methyl eugenol rich lemongrass essential oil whose effectiveness against the microbes was less as compared to pure ME standard. Seed germination assay further revealed the herbicidal properties of methyl eugenol rich essential oil. Moreover, Allium cepa assay revealed moderate genotoxicity of the essential oil. Conclusion: This paper compared the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, genotoxicity and herbicidal activities of methyl eugenol rich lemongrass with pure methyl eugenol. This methyl eugenol rich lemongrass variety can be used as an alternative of methyl eugenol pure compound. Hence, the essential oil of this variety has the potential of developing cost-effective, easily available antioxidative/ antimicrobial drugs but its use should be under the safety range of methyl eugenol and needs further clinical trials.

scholarly journals Dangguijakyak-San Protects against 1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6,-tetrahydropyridine-Induced Neuronal Damage via Anti-Inflammatory Action

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Deok-Sang Hwang ◽  
Hyo Geun Kim ◽  
Jun-Bock Jang ◽  
Myung Sook Oh
Keyword(s):  
Neuronal Damage ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Substantia Nigra Pars Compacta ◽  
Inflammatory Factors ◽  
Dopaminergic Cell ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

Dangguijakyak-san (DJS), a famous traditional Korean multiherbal medicine, has been used to treat gynecological and neuro-associated disease. Recent studies demonstrated that DJS has multiple bioactivities including neuroprotection. In the present study, we were to investigate the effect of DJS and its mechanism in anin vitroandin vivomodel of Parkinson’s disease (PD). In primary mesencephalic culture system, DJS attenuated the dopaminergic cell damage induced by 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridine toxicity, and it inhibited production of inflammatory factors such as tumor necrosis factorα(TNF-α), nitric oxide (NO), and activation of microglial cells. Then, we confirmed the effect of DJS in a mouse PD model induced by 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). In the pole test, DJS at 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days showed increase of motor activity showing shortened time to turn and locomotor activity compared with the MPTP only treated mice. In addition, DJS significantly protected nigrostriatal dopaminergic neuron from MPTP stress. Moreover, DJS showed inhibition of gliosis in the substantia nigra pars compacta. These results have therapeutic implications for DJS in the treatment of PD via anti-inflammatory effects.

scholarly journals Design, Synthesis, Characterization, Computational Study and In-vitro Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activities of Few Novel Pyrazol-3-one Derivatives

2021 ◽  
pp. 220-231
Author(s):  
Aziz Unnisa ◽  
B. Anupama ◽  
Humera Banu ◽  
Syeda B. Fatima ◽  
K. N. V. Chenchu Lakshmi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Study ◽  
Efficacy And Safety ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Design Synthesis ◽  
Synthetic Compounds ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Mutagenic Compound

Aim: To design, synthesize and perform computational study on a few Novel pyrazol-3-one derivatives. Study design:  Experimental study. Methodology: A series of 6-aryl substituted pyrimidine azodyes were synthesized by coupling phenyl pyrimidine 2-amine with different aromatic amines. The synthetic compounds were screened for their in-vitro antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. The Computational study of designed compounds was done by OCHEM, Molinspiration cheminformatics, Datawarrior, and Swiss ADME. DPPH assay was used to determine the antioxidant activity and heat hemolysis method for anti-inflammatory activity. Results: Molinspiration, Data Warrior, Ochem which are helpful to predict molecule general properties, bioactive scores, toxicity, and drug-likeness. Data Warrior results inferred that the compounds possess moderately active towards mutagenic (compound 2, 11), reproductive (compound 6, 7, 8), and highly active towards Tumorogenic (compound 2) toxicities. OCHEM results showed that most of the synthesized compounds were found to be non-inhibitors of all the subtypes of cytochrome P450 except compound 8. All compounds under this study were effective scavengers of free radicals except the compounds 1, 2, 6, 10. Invitro Anti-inflammatory studies have shown that the compounds (6, 7, 8, 9, 13) active toward heat hemolysis. Conclusion: The synthesized compounds were comprehensively studied and targets were identified rendering them as lead molecules for further development of newer agents with greater efficacy and safety.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Potential of Sulfated Polysaccharides from Padina boryana; Protective Effect against Oxidative Stress in In Vitro and In Vivo Zebrafish Model

Marine Drugs ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilina U. Jayawardena ◽  
Lei Wang ◽  
K. K. Asanka Sanjeewa ◽  
Sang In Kang ◽  
Jung-Suck Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Damage ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Sulfated Polysaccharides ◽  
Ros Scavenging ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Internal Cell

Elevated levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS) damage the internal cell components. Padina boryana, a brown alga from the Maldives, was subjected to polysaccharide extraction. The Celluclast enzyme assisted extract (PBE) and ethanol precipitation (PBP) of P. boryana were assessed against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) induced cell damage and zebra fish models. PBP which contains the majority of sulfated polysaccharides based on fucoidan, showed outstanding extracellular ROS scavenging potential against H2O2. PBP significantly declined the intracellular ROS levels, and exhibited protection against apoptosis. The study revealed PBPs’ ability to activate the Nrf2/Keap1 signaling pathway, consequently initiating downstream elements such that catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD). Further, ROS levels, lipid peroxidation values in zebrafish studies were declined with the pre-treatment of PBP. Collectively, the results obtained in the study suggest the polysaccharides from P. boryana might be a potent source of water soluble natural antioxidants that could be sustainably utilized in the industrial applications.

scholarly journals Metabolite Profiling of Aquilaria malaccensis Leaf Extract Using Liquid Chromatography-Q-TOF-Mass Spectrometry and Investigation of Its Potential Antilipoxygenase Activity In-Vitro

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manar A. Eissa ◽  
Yumi Z. H-Y. Hashim ◽  
Dina M. El-Kersh ◽  
Saripah S. S. Abd-Azziz ◽  
Hamzah Mohd. Salleh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Oral Epithelial Cells ◽  
Aquilaria Malaccensis ◽  
Ic50 Value ◽  
Mucosal Cells ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Agarwood Resin ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

The Aquilaria malaccensis species of the genus Aquilaria is an abundant source of agarwood resin and many bioactive phytochemicals. Recent data regarding the chemical constituents and biological activities of Aquilaria leaves led us to attempt to qualitatively profile the metabolites of Aquilaria malaccensis leaves from a healthy, noninoculated tree through phytochemical screening, GC-MS, and LC/Q-TOF-MS. The present work is also the first to report the antilipoxygenase activity of A. malaccensis leaves from healthy noninoculated tree and investigate its toxicity on oral mucosal cells. A total of 53 compounds were tentatively identified in the extract, some of which have been described in literature as exhibiting anti-inflammatory activity. A number of compounds were identified for the first time in the extract of A. malaccensis leaf, including quercetin, quercetin-O-hexoside, kaempferol-O-dirhamnoside, isorhamnetin-O-hexoside, syringetin-O-hexoside, myricetin, tetrahydroxyflavanone, hesperetin, sissotrin, and lupeol. The antilipoxygenase assay was used to determine the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitory potential of the extract, while a WST-1 assay was conducted to investigate the effect of the extract on oral epithelial cells (OEC). The extract implied moderate anti-LOX activity with IC50 value of 71.6 µg/mL. Meanwhile, the cell viability of OEC ranged between 92.55% (10 µg/mL)–76.06% ± (100 µg/mL) upon treatment, indicating some potential toxicity risks. The results attained encourage future studies of the isolation of bioactive compounds from Aquilaria malaccensis leaves, as well as further investigation on the anti-inflammatory mechanisms and toxicity associated with their use.

scholarly journals A novel procedure to measure the antioxidant capacity of Yerba maté extracts

2012 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Graciela Hartwig ◽  
Luis Alberto Brumovsky ◽  
Raquel María Fretes ◽  
Lucila Sánchez Boado
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Absolute Methanol ◽  
Yerba Mate ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽  
Polyphenolic Content ◽  
Pure Compounds ◽  
Total Polyphenolic Content

Yerba maté extracts have in vitro antioxidant capacity attributed to the presence of polyphenolic compounds, mainly chlorogenic acids and dicaffeoylquinic acid derivatives. DPPH is one of the most used assays to measure the antioxidant capacity of pure compounds and plant extracts. It is difficult to compare the results between studies because this assay is applied in too many different conditions by the different research groups. Thus, in order to assess the antioxidant capacity of yerba maté extracts, the following procedure is proposed: 100 µL of an aqueous dilution of the extracts is mixed in duplicate with 3.0 mL of a DPPH 'work solution in absolute methanol (100 µM.L-1), with an incubation time of 120 minutes in darkness at 37 ± 1 °C, and then absorbance is read at 517 nm against absolute methanol. The results should be expressed as ascorbic acid equivalents or Trolox equivalents in mass percentage (g% dm, dry matter) in order to facilitate comparisons. The AOC of the ethanolic extracts ranged between 12.8 and 23.1 g TE % dm and from 9.1 to 16.4 g AAE % dm. The AOC determined by the DPPH assay proposed in the present study can be related to the total polyphenolic content determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu assay.

scholarly journals Engineered Exosomes Derived From Primary M2 Macrophages With Anti-inflammatory And Neuroprotective Properties For The Treatment of Spinal Cord Injury.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuanjie Zhang ◽  
Daoyong Li ◽  
Hengshuo Hu ◽  
Zhe Wang ◽  
Jinyu An ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Spinal Cord Injury ◽  
Nerve Cell ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Neuroprotective Effect ◽  
M2 Macrophages ◽  
Secondary Damage ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background: Uncontrollable inflammation and nerve cell apoptosis are the most destructive pathological response after spinal cord injury (SCI). So, inflammation suppression combined with neuroprotection is one of the most promising strategies to treat SCI. Engineered exosomes with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties are promising candidates for the implementation of this strategies for the treatment of SCI. Results: By combining nerve growth factor (NGF) and curcumin (Cur), we prepared stable engineered exosomes of approximately 120 nm from primary M2 macrophages with anti-inflammatory and neuroprotective properties (Cur@EXs-cl-NGF). Notably, NGF was coupled with EXs by matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9)-cleavable linker to accurately release at the injured site. Through targeted experiments, we found that these exosomes could actively and effectively accumulate at the injured site of SCI mice, which greatly improved the bioavailability of the drugs. Subsequently, Cur@EXs-cl-NGF reached the injured site and could effectively inhibit the uncontrollable inflammatory response to protect the spinal cord from secondary damage; in addition, Cur@EXs-cl-NGF could release NGF into the microenvironment in time to exert a neuroprotective effect against nerve cell damage. Conclusions: A series of in vivo and in vitro experiments showed that the engineered exosomes significantly improved the microenvironment after injury and promoted the recovery of motor function after SCI. We provide a new method for inflammation suppression combined with neuroprotective strategies to treat SCI.

scholarly journals Assessment of Immunomodulatory Effect on Natural Antioxidants – An In Vitro Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (42) ◽  
pp. 3612-3616
Author(s):  
Deepigaa Manivasagam ◽  
Arvind Muthukrishnan ◽  
Rajeshkumar S.
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Immunomodulatory Effect ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Immune Mediated ◽  
Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

BACKGROUND Garlic has anti allergic, anti-tumour and chemo preventive effect. Turmeric has analgesic, anti-inflammatory, wound healing, and immunomodulatory activities. Spirulina has antioxidant, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antiviral, and antibacterial effects. Honey has antimicrobial, antioxidant, anticancer, antiinflammatory. The purpose of this study was to prepare herbal formulations of garlic, turmeric, honey, and spirulina and analyse its immunomodulatory effect. METHODS Garlic, turmeric, honey, and spirulina were combined with 100 ml of distilled water and simmered for 15 minutes before being filtered and condensed again to 5 ml. The diphenyl 1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate test (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power assay (FRAP) and H2O2 assays were used to evaluate the immunomodulatory effect. RESULTS The prepared extract showed significant results at 50 l when assessed using DPPH, FRAP and H2O2 assay (i.e.) 72.1 %, 94.6 % and 67.9 % respectively. CONCLUSIONS This in-vitro study shows that the combination of garlic, turmeric, honey and spirulina formulation have good immunomodulatory effects when compared to the standard. Hence, in future, it can be used as a safe alternative instead of commercially available medicines in the form of in-situ gel for management of immune mediated disorders. KEY WORDS Garlic, Turmeric, Honey, Spirulina, Antioxidant, Immunomodulator

scholarly journals Fatty Acid Composition, Antioxidant, and in vitro Anti-inflammatory Activity of Five Cold-Pressed Prunus Seed Oils, and Their Anti-biofilm Effect Against Pathogenic Bacteria

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Florinda Fratianni ◽  
Antonio d'Acierno ◽  
Maria Neve Ombra ◽  
Giuseppe Amato ◽  
Vincenzo De Feo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Seed Oils ◽  
Black Cherry ◽  
Dpph Assay ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Cold Pressed

Background/Aim: Sweet almond (Prunus amygdalus dulcis) oil is one of the most famous cold-pressed seed oils. However, other species of Prunus can provide oils with healthy properties. We analyzed the fatty acid (FA) composition, as well as the antioxidant, the in vitro anti-inflammatory properties, and the antibiofilm activity of five commercial vegetable cold-pressed seed oils of apricot, peach, plum, cherry, and black cherry.Methods: Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry was performed for the analysis of FAs The antioxidant property of the oils was carried using different tests [2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH assay)], Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP), and the 2, 20 -azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS·+). The denaturation assay performed on bovine serum albumin (BSA) was used to evaluate the in vitro anti-inflammatory activity. The anti-biofilm activity was assessed using five pathogenic strains, namely, Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, Listeria monocytogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus, through the crystal violet test and the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)−2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), used to evaluate the metabolism of the microbial cells present within the biofilm.Results: Oleic acid and linoleic acids were the most abundant FAs. Black cherry seed oil exhibited the best antioxidant activity, but in general, the amount of oil needed to inhibit the activity of 1 ml of DPPH assay at 50% did not exceed 10 μg. The extract concentration for the 50% inhibition of the denaturation of the protein (IC50) did not exceed 4.4 μg. Linoleic and stearic acids affected the antioxidant activity of the oils; oleic acid, linolenic, and palmitoleic acids exhibited beneficial effects in preserving the BSA denaturation, as shown by the correlation data. The oils were able to inhibit the biofilm formation of the pathogens (up to 71.40% of inhibition) as well as act against their mature biofilm, although with different strengths, with values up to 61.54%. Concurrently, they also acted on the pathogen metabolism.Conclusion: The oils represent a valuable source of some healthy FAs. They showed potential antioxidant and anti-inflammatory in vitro activity, in addition, their potential effect on the biofilm can offer important ideas for research and reflection on their use as functional foods and/or ingredients.

scholarly journals Antioxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Selected Natural Compounds Contained in a Dietary Supplement on Two Human Immortalized Keratinocyte Lines

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Fasano ◽  
Simona Serini ◽  
Nadia Mondella ◽  
Sonia Trombino ◽  
Leonardo Celleno ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Supplement ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Human Keratinocytes ◽  
Grape Seed ◽  
Nuclear Factor ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Grape Seed Oil ◽  
High Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Several advantages may derive from the use of dietary supplements containing multiple natural antioxidants and/or anti-inflammatory agents. At present, however, there is scarce information on the properties and potential of combined supplements. To fill the gap, the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities exerted by a combination of seven natural components (coenzyme Q10, krill oil, lipoic acid, resveratrol, grape seed oil,α-tocopherol, and selenium) contained in a dietary supplement used for the prevention of skin disorders were investigatedin vitro. Each component was administered, alone or in combination, to human keratinocytes, and the inhibition of Reactive Oxygen Species production and lipid peroxidation as well as the ability to reduce inflammatory cytokine secretion and to modulate Nuclear Factor-κB pathway was evaluated. The combination exhibited high antioxidant activity and in specific conditions the combination’s efficiency was higher than that of the most powerful components administered individually. Moreover, the combination showed remarkable anti-inflammatory properties. It reduced more efficiently than each component the secretion of Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein-1, a crucial cytokine for the development of chronic inflammation in skin, and inhibited Nuclear Factor-κB molecular pathway. Overall, our findings suggest that the combined formulation may have the potential to powerfully inhibit oxidative stress and inflammation at skin level.

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