scholarly journals Training Programs for Fundamental and Clinician-Scientists: Balanced Outcomes for Graduates by Gender

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. 205435812110334
Author(s):  
Christie Rampersad ◽  
Todd Alexander ◽  
Elisabeth Fowler ◽  
Sunny Hartwig ◽  
Adeera Levin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Success ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Transition Period ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Women Scientists ◽  
Associate Professor ◽  
Grant Funding ◽  
Research Scientist ◽  
Clinician Scientist

Background: Women scientists are less likely to obtain Assistant Professorship and achieve promotion, and obtain less grant funding than men. Scientist/clinician-scientist training programs which provide salary awards as well as training and mentorship are a potential intervention to improve outcomes among women scientists. We hypothesized whether a programmatic approach to scientist/clinician-scientist training is associated with improved outcomes for women scientists in Canada when compared with salary awards alone. Trainees within the Kidney Research Scientist Core Education and National Training Program (KRESCENT), Canadian Child Health Clinician Scientist Program (CCHCSP), and the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR) salary award programs were evaluated. Objective: To examine whether the structured KRESCENT training program with salary support improves academic success for women scientists relative to salary awards alone. Design: Retrospective cohort study. Setting: Canadian national research scientist and clinician-scientist training programs and salary awards. Participants: KRESCENT cohort (n = 59, 2005-2017), CCHCSP cohort (n = 58, 2002-2015), and CIHR (n = 571, 2005-2015) Salary Awardees for postdoctoral fellows (PDF) and new investigators (NI). Measurements: National operating grant funding success, achieving an academic position as an Assistant Professor for PDF, or achieving promotion to Associate Professor for NI. Methods: The gender distribution of each cohort was determined using first name and NamepediA and was examined for PDF and NI, followed by a description of trainee outcomes by gender and training level. Results: KRESCENT and CIHR PDF were balanced (12/27, 44% men and 55/116, 47% women) while CCHCSP had a higher proportion of women (13/20, 65%). KRESCENT and CCHCSP NI retained women scientists (19/32, 59% and 22/38, 58% women), whereas CIHR NI had fewer women (165/455, 36% women vs 290/455, 64% men, P = 0.01). There was a high rate of NI operating grant success (91%-95%) with no gender differences in each cohort. There was a high proportion of CCHCSP PDF who achieved an Assistant Professorship (18/20, 90%) that may be due in part to a longer follow-up period (9.3 ± 3 years) compared with KRESCENT PDF (7/27, 26%, 0.88 ± 4.5 years), and these data were not available for CIHR PDF. Women KRESCENT NI showed increased promotion to Associate Professor ( P = 0.02, 0.25 ± 3.2 years follow-up) and CCHCSP NI had high promotion rates (37/38, 97%, 6.9 ± 3.6 years follow-up) irrespective of gender. There was an overall trend toward more men pursuing biomedical research. Limitations: KRESCENT and CCHCSP training program cohort size and heterogeneity; assigning gender by first name may result in misclassification; lack of data on the respective applicant pools; and inability to examine intersectionality with gender, ethnicity, and sexual orientation. Conclusion: Overall trainee performance across programs is remarkable by community standards regardless of gender. KRESCENT and CCHCSP training programs demonstrated balanced success in their PDF and NI, whereas the CIHR awardees had reduced representation of women scientists from PDF to NI. This exploratory study highlights the utility of programmatic training approaches like the KRESCENT program as potential tools to support and retain women scientists in the academic pipeline during the challenging PDF to NI transition period.

Dimensions of Summer Science Training Programs as Reflected by their Participants

1966 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-73
Author(s):  
C. J. Bartlett ◽  
Harold A. Edgerton
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
School Students ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
National Science ◽  
Science Training

As par: of a 1963 follow-up study of participants in the National Science Foundation's 1960 Summer Science Training Program for secondary school students, characteristics of the program, as reflected by the questionnaire responses of the participants, were subjected to factor analysis. Responses to 57 items from the questionnaire were judged relevant to the study and were organized to reflect the post SSTP experience and career development of participants in 134 programs. Twelve factors emerged from the analysis.

70. Supporting IMG integration into residency trainings

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
S. Glover Takahashi ◽  
M. Alameddine ◽  
D. Martin ◽  
S. Verma ◽  
S. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Residency Training ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
International Medical ◽  
Full Time ◽  
Design Development ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Medical Trainees ◽  
Personal Wellness

This paper is describes the design, development, implementation and evaluation of a preparatory training program for international medical trainees. The program was offered for one week full time shortly before they begin their residency training programs. First the paper reports on the survey and focus groups that guided the learning objectives and the course content. Next the paper describes the curriculum development phase and reports on the topical themes, session goals and objectives and learning materials. Three main themes emerged when developing the program: understanding the educational, health and practice systems in Canada; development of communication skills; and supporting personal success in residency training including self assessment, reflection and personal wellness. Sample lesson plans and handouts from each of the theme areas are illustrated. The comprehensive evaluation of the sessions and the overall program is then also described. The paper then summarizes the identified key issues and challenges in the design and implementation of a preparatory training program for international medical trainees before they begin their residency training programs. Allan GM, Manca D, Szafran O, Korownyk C. Workforce issues in general surgery. Am Surg. 2007 Feb; 73(2):100-8. Dauphinee, WD. The circle game: understanding physician migration patterns within Canada. Acad Med. 2006 (Dec); 81(12 Suppl):S49-54. Spike NA. International medical graduates: the Australian perspective. Academic Medicine. 2006 (Sept); 81(9):842-6.

52. Simulation based training improves resident competence in the performance of critical resuscitation procedures

2007 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
I. Rigby ◽  
I. Walker ◽  
T. Donnon ◽  
D. Howes ◽  
J. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Family Medicine ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Procedural Skills ◽  
Simulation Based

We sought to assess the impact of procedural skills simulation training on residents’ competence in performing critical resuscitation skills. Our study was a prospective, cross-sectional study of residents from three residency training programs (Family Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Internal Medicine) at the University of Calgary. Participants completed a survey measuring competence in the performance of the procedural skills required to manage hemodynamic instability. The study intervention was an 8 hour simulation based training program focused on resuscitation procedure psychomotor skill acquisition. Competence was criterion validated at the Right Internal Jugular Central Venous Catheter Insertion station by an expert observer using a standardized checklist (Observed Structured Clinical Examination (OSCE) format). At the completion of the simulation course participants repeated the self-assessment survey. Descriptive Statistics, Cronbach’s alpha, Pearson’s correlation coefficient and Paired Sample t-test statistical tools were applied to the analyze the data. Thirty-five of 37 residents (9 FRCPC Emergency Medicine, 4 CCFP-Emergency Medicine, 17 CCFP, and 5 Internal Medicine) completed both survey instruments and the eight hour course. Seventy-two percent of participants were PGY-1 or 2. Mean age was 30.7 years of age. Cronbach’s alpha for the survey instrument was 0.944. Pearson’s Correlation Coefficient was 0.69 (p < 0.001) for relationship between Expert Assessment and Self-Assessment. The mean improvement in competence score pre- to post-intervention was 6.77 (p < 0.01, 95% CI 5.23-8.32). Residents from a variety of training programs (Internal Medicine, Emergency Medicine and Family Medicine) demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in competence with critical resuscitation procedural skills following an intensive simulation based training program. Self-assessment of competence was validated using correlation data based on expert assessments. Dawson S. Procedural simulation: a primer. J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2006; 17(2.1):205-13. Vozenilek J, Huff JS, Reznek M, Gordon JA. See one, do one, teach one: advanced technology in medical education. Acad Emerg Med. 2004; 11(11):1149-54. Ziv A, Wolpe PR, Small SD, Glick S. Simulation-based medical education: an ethical imperative. Acad Med. 2003; 78(8):783-8.

PRACTICAL BASE OF FORMULATING RETRAINING PROGRAMS ON ETHNIC MINORITY AFFAIRS KNOWLEDGE FOR CADRES, CIVIL SERVANTS UP TO 2030

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Van Dung ◽  
Giang Khac Binh
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Minority ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Political System ◽  
Prime Minister ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
The Political ◽  
Target Groups ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Past

As developing programs is the core in fostering knowledge on ethnic work for cadres and civil servants under Decision No. 402/QD-TTg dated 14/3/2016 of the Prime Minister, it is urgent to build training program on ethnic minority affairs for 04 target groups in the political system from central to local by 2020 with a vision to 2030. The article highlighted basic issues of practical basis to design training program of ethnic minority affairs in the past years; suggested solutions to build the training programs in integration and globalization period.

scholarly journals I’m No Superman: fostering physician resilience through guided group discussion of Scrubs

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur Holtzclaw ◽  
Jack Ellis ◽  
Christopher Colombo
Keyword(s):  
Internal Medicine ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Internal Medicine Residency ◽  
Resiliency Training ◽  
High Satisfaction ◽  
Burn Out

Abstract Background Almost half of trainees experience burnout during their career. Despite the Accreditation Council on Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) recommendation that training programs enact well-being curricula, there is no proven method of addressing this difficult topic. Methods We created a curriculum addressing physician resiliency and well-being, designed for an Internal Medicine Residency Program. This curriculum utilized episodes from a medical television series, Scrubs, to facilitate a monthly, 1-h faculty guided discussion group. We collected informal feedback and abbreviated Maslach Burnout Inventories (aMBI) monthly and conducted a formal focus group after 6 months to gauge its effectiveness. Results The curriculum was successfully conducted for 12 months with each session averaging 18–20 residents. Residents reported high satisfaction, stating it was more enjoyable and helpful than traditional resiliency training. 19 of 24 residents (79 %) completed a baseline aMBI, and 17 of 20 residents (85 %) who attended the most recent session completed the 6-month follow-up, showing a non-significant 1-point improvement in all subsets of the aMBI. Conclusions This novel, low-cost, easily implemented curriculum addressed resiliency and burn-out in an Internal Medicine Residency. It was extremely well received and can easily be expanded to other training programs or to providers outside of training.

scholarly journals Promoting recovery in daily life: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dorota Reis ◽  
Alexander Hart ◽  
Dirk Lehr ◽  
Malte Friese
Keyword(s):  
Training Programs ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Online Training ◽  
Cognitive Behavioral ◽  
Main Mechanism ◽  
Work Related Stress ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Abstract Background Work-related stress shows steadily increasing prevalence rates and has tangible consequences for individual workers, their organizations, and society as a whole. One mechanism that may help offset the negative outcomes of work-related stress on employees’ well-being is recovery. Recovery refers to the experience of unwinding from one's job when not at work. However, employees who experience high levels of work-related stress and are thus particularly in need of recovery tend to struggle to switch-off. Due to the detrimental effects of this prolonged and sustained mental representation of job stressors, interventions promoting recovery may contribute to improvements in employees' mental health. Methods In this randomized, waitlist controlled trial, we will investigate the effectiveness of two 6-week online training programs (cognitive behavioral and mindfulness-based). The sample will include employees working at least part-time during regular work hours. Besides the pre-post-follow-up assessments, the trial will include measurement bursts with the goal of examining the underlying mechanisms. We expect that both interventions will reduce work-related perseverative thinking (PT) compared with the waitlist control groups (primary outcome). Also, we expect that both interventions will result in similar improvements, but the underlying mechanisms will differ (process outcomes). In the cognitive-behavioral intervention group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in recovery experiences across time. In the mindfulness-based group, we expect that the main mechanism responsible for lower PT levels will be an increase in facets of mindfulness across time. Discussion In the present study, we will investigate mechanisms underlying assumed changes in work-related PT in great detail. Besides evaluating the overall effectiveness of the two interventions in terms of pre-post-follow-up changes, we will look at the underlying processes at different levels—that is, within days, within weeks, across weeks, and between individuals. Accordingly, our study will offer a fine-grained approach to investigating potential determinants, mediators, and moderators of the processes that may, in the end, be responsible for work-related strain. From a public health perspective, if effective, the online training programs may offer valuable, low-threshold, and low-intensity interventions for a broad range of occupations. Trial registration German Clinical Trials Registration: DRKS00024933. Registered prospectively 7 April 2021. https://www.drks.de/drks_web/navigate.do?navigationId=trial.HTML&TRIAL_ID=DRKS00024933

scholarly journals Effects of multi-domain cognitive training on working memory retrieval in older adults: behavioral and ERP evidence from a Chinese community study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiangfei Hong ◽  
You Chen ◽  
Jijun Wang ◽  
Yuan Shen ◽  
Qingwei Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Working Memory ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Cognitive Training ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Training Group ◽  
Event Related Potential ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Baseline Session

AbstractWorking memory (WM) is a fundamental cognitive function that typically declines with age. Previous studies have shown that targeted WM training has the potential to improve WM performance in older adults. In the present study, we investigated whether a multi-domain cognitive training program that was not designed to specifically target WM could improve the behavioral performance and affect the neural activity during WM retrieval in healthy older adults. We assigned healthy older participants (70–78 years old) from a local community into a training group who completed a 3-month multi-domain cognitive training and a control group who only attended health education lectures during the same period. Behavioral and electroencephalography (EEG) data were recorded from participants while performing an untrained delayed match or non-match to category task and a control task at a pre-training baseline session and a post-training follow-up session. Behaviorally, we found that participants in the training group showed a trend toward greater WM performance gains than participants in the control group. Event-related potential (ERP) results suggest that the task-related modulation of P3 during WM retrieval was significantly enhanced at the follow-up session compared with the baseline session, and importantly, this enhancement of P3 modulation was only significant in the training group. Furthermore, no training-related effects were observed for the P2 or N2 component during WM retrieval. These results suggest that the multi-domain cognitive training program that was not designed to specifically target WM is a promising approach to improve WM performance in older adults, and that training-related gains in performance are likely mediated by an enhanced modulation of P3 which might reflect the process of WM updating.

Follow-up of Mental Health Attitudes of Psychiatric Aides after Training

1979 ◽  
Vol 45 (3) ◽  
pp. 801-802
Author(s):  
M. K. Distefano ◽  
Margaret W. Pryer
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Mental Illness ◽  
Training Program ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Health Attitudes ◽  
Mental Health Attitudes ◽  
Opinions About Mental Illness ◽  
Program Changes

The Opinions About Mental Illness Scale was administered to 28 psychiatric aides who were followed up 24 to 39 mo. after completion of a basic aide training program. Changes in attitude after training were stable at follow-up on three factors. Data suggested that the unfavorable change on one factor was associated with the post-training work experience of these aides.

Strategies for Facilitating Ongoing Communication Between Clinical Education Coordinators and Preceptors

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
Sara Nottingham
Keyword(s):  
Training Program ◽  
Athletic Training ◽  
Clinical Education ◽  
Training Programs ◽  
Phone Calls

Communication between athletic training programs and preceptors is not only an accreditation requirement, but also a mechanism to foster effective clinical education experiences. Communicating regularly with preceptors can provide them with feedback and help demonstrate their value to the athletic training program. Improved communication between academic and clinical education has been identified as a need in athletic training. Ongoing communication can be facilitated in a variety of formal and informal ways, including preceptor newsletters, site visits, questionnaires, meetings, and phone calls. Clinical education coordinators should select methods of communication that meet the needs of their program and preceptors.

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