Critical reflections on Samuel Huntington’s thesis of regimes and political science

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 370-384 ◽  
Author(s):  
Baogang He
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Reform ◽  
Moral Duty ◽  
Causal Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Reflections

Samuel Huntington once remarked that authoritarian societies are unable to produce great political scientists, that political science is closely linked to democracy, and that political scientists have a moral duty to promote political reform. Huntington did not, however, discuss in detail why authoritarianism cannot produce great political scientists. He also overlooked a number of other issues with regard to the relationship between regimes and political science. Through an examination of the case of China, this article confirms the main finding of Huntington’s thesis through a discussion of why democracy is associated with political science and why authoritarianism does not produce great political scientists. The article, however, also points out the problems associated with Huntington’s thesis on connections between regimes and political science. The article offers a number of causal mechanisms and constructive criticisms of Huntington’s thesis.

Two Theories of Effective Government

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes Lindvall
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Precise Definition ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Political Decision ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter introduces the problem of “reform capacity” (the ability of political decision-makers to adopt and implement policy changes that benefit society as a whole, by adjusting public policies to changing economic, social, and political circumstances). The chapter also reviews the long-standing discussion in political science about the relationship between political institutions and effective government. Furthermore, the chapter explains why the possibility of compensation matters greatly for the politics of reform; provides a precise definition of the concept of reform capacity; describes the book's general approach to this problem; and discusses the ethics of compensating losers from reform; and presents the book's methodological approach.

Governance and Business-Society Relations in Areas of Limited Statehood: An Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 000765032098508
Author(s):  
Sameer Azizi ◽  
Tanja Börzel ◽  
Hans Krause Hansen
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Ethnic Diversity ◽  
Global South ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
Collective Goods ◽  
International Ngos ◽  
State Actors ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Critical Reflections

In this introductory article we explore the relationship between statehood and governance, examining in more detail how non-state actors like MNCs, international NGOs, and indigenous authorities, often under conditions of extreme economic scarcity, ethnic diversity, social inequality and violence, take part in the making of rules and the provision of collective goods. Conceptually, we focus on the literature on Areas of Limited Statehood and discuss its usefulness in exploring how business-society relations are governed in the global South, and beyond. Building on insights from this literature, among others, the four articles included in this special issue provide rich illustrations and critical reflections on the multiple, complex and often ambiguous roles of state and non-state actors operating in contemporary Syria, Nigeria, India and Palestine, with implications for conventional understandings of CSR, stakeholders, and related conceptualizations.

STUDYING THE PROBLEMS OF APPLIED POLITICAL SCIENCE IN THE PROCESS OF TEACHING POLITICAL SCIENCE

2021 ◽  
pp. 27-34
Author(s):  
I.Yu. Zalysin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Analog Computer ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Political Events ◽  
Methodological Problems ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the methodological problems of studying the section "Applied Political Sci-ence" in the course of political science. Revealed its role in the educational process, the relationship with other sections of the discipline. The structure of applied political science, its subject, methods and specificity in relation to theoretical political science are shown. Analyzed the most important problems that need to be considered in the study of applied political science. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of political forecasting and its importance in the management of social and political events and processes. The essence and basic principles of political modeling, the typology of models: material, analog, computer, etc. are con-sidered. Methodological recommendations are given for considering the topics of the section in lectures and practical classes, their importance in the professional training of bachelors is shown.

The Gundrum – Vazov Dialogues. A Publisher's Reconstructions

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 177-191
Author(s):  
Malina Dimitrova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Duty ◽  
Bulgarian Academy ◽  
Translation Practice ◽  
The Many ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Relationship

About Ivan Vazov everything seems to have been researched, written and published. Among the many literary criticisms devoted to his life and work, as well as documentary publications, the relationships with his translators and foreign publishers, to whom I believe we have a cultural and moral duty, are very rarely mentioned. However, the correspondence between him and the Croat Fran Gundrum-Oriovac stands out among all. No one else has translated as many of Vazov's works as this Croatian writer. Unfortunately, the acquaintance with Fran Gundrum's archive is indirect, but I would venture to focus on his translation practice, the regulation of relations between the two, their long-term cooperation and the reception of Vazov's work in Croatia. The proposed interpretation of the “File” does not claim to exhaust the relationship between the two. Our task is based on the personal correspondence published in Volume 10 of the Bulletin of the Institute of Literature of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences in 1961 between Dr. Fran Gundrum and Ivan Vazov – to try to reconstruct the translation and publishing strategies of Fran Gundrum.

The Unexpected Campaign

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Negative Campaigning ◽  
The Asymmetry ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This chapter analyzes the campaign from a political science perspective. It considers the asymmetry of the opposing campaigns in terms of resource, also noting the operation of positive and negative campaigning, and the relationship of constitutional and ‘normal’ politics over the period. It notes major framing tendencies, and tracks the presence of opportunist interventions. It concludes with discussion of the revival of Scottish democracy catalyzed by the referendum.

Who are we as historical beings? Shaping identities in light of the archaeogenetics ‘revolution’

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (27) ◽  
pp. 11-36
Author(s):  
Alexandra Ion
Keyword(s):  
Target Audience ◽  
Archaeological Theory ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Family Memories ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Multiple Ontologies ◽  
Critical Reflections

There is a human fundamental need to know who we are and where we come from. In an age when myths, legends and family memories are starting to fade or become obsolete, science is brought in to fill the gaps and answer these questions. This article introduces a special theme section dedicated to critical reflections on the relationship between the disciplines of archaeology and archaeogenetics. It gives a summary of the ‘Can science accommodate multiple ontologies? The genetics revolution and archaeological theory’ workshop held in Cambridge 2018, followed by an introduction of the papers in this theme section. Lastly, I evaluate archaeogenetic narratives in terms of their target audience, knowledge obtained (or not) and future directions.

Fragmenting and connecting? The diverging geometries and extents of IR’s interdisciplinary knowledge-relations

2020 ◽  
pp. 135406612092260
Author(s):  
Stephen Aris
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Production ◽  
Sociology Of Science ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Bibliographic Coupling ◽  
Science Literature ◽  
Interdisciplinary Knowledge ◽  
Knowledge Practice ◽  
The Relationship

IR has long been concerned about its claim on disciplinary status. This includes concerns about its differentiation from Political Science and a divide between scholars who advocate a narrow disciplinary approach and others who conceive of IR as a pluri-disciplinary concept. Although these dilemmas revolve around its position vis-à-vis other disciplines, the vast majority of the recent disciplinary-sociology debates have focused on the extent of IR scholarship’s intradisciplinary fragmentation, along epistemological, topical, national, status and other lines. However, the sociology of science literature stresses that disciplines are the product of not only internal practice but also their knowledge relations to and differentiation from other disciplines. In short, intradisciplinary fragmentation cannot be considered as detached from a discipline’s relations to other disciplines – and, by extension, the differentiated knowledge relationships held by distinct intradisciplinary fragments to other disciplines. Taking this into account, this article uses bibliometric analysis of journals as a proxy for analysing the relationship between IR’s intradisciplinary make-up and its interdisciplinary relations to eight cognate disciplines between 2013 and 2017. Three distinct modes of bibliometric analysis are operationalised to map three different aspects of interdisciplinary knowledge practice: (inter)disciplinary debates (direct citation), multidisciplinary knowledge bases (bibliographic coupling) and interdisciplinary knowledge production (co-citation). On this basis, the article asks, one, whether and how differences in the interdisciplinary knowledge relations practised by IR scholarship correlate with intra-IR lines of fragmentation. And two, what are the implications for how IR’s socio-intellectual composition is understood and its disciplinary status evaluated?

Does Public Reason Liberalism Rest on a Mistake? Democracy’s Doxastic and Epistemic Problems

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-155
Author(s):  
Jason Brennan
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Public Reason ◽  
Normative Theory ◽  
Public Justification ◽  
Political Outcomes ◽  
Public Reason Liberalism ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Beliefs And Attitudes ◽  
Voter Knowledge

Public reason liberalism is a normative theory meant to adjudicate citizens’ conflicting beliefs about the right and the good. However, it rests upon controversial and likely mistaken empirical claims about voter psychology and voter knowledge. In political science, there are two major paradigms—populism and realism—about the relationship between voters’ beliefs and political outcomes. Realism holds that most citizens lack the kinds of beliefs and attitudes which public reason liberals believe are normatively significant. If so, then most citizens lack the kinds of ideological disputes which public reason liberalism is supposed to adjudicate. Worse, most citizens lack the kinds of normatively significantly beliefs upon which public justification must rest.

Competing for Liberty: The Republican Critique of Democracy

2012 ◽  
Vol 106 (3) ◽  
pp. 607-621 ◽  
Author(s):  
NADIA URBINATI
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Democratic Citizenship ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Rights ◽  
Equal Rights ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Contemporary Debate ◽  
Political Tradition ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Freedom as non-domination has acquired a leading status in political science. As a consequence of its success, neo-roman republicanism also has achieved great prominence as the political tradition that delivered it. Yet despite the fact that liberty in the Roman mode was forged not only in direct confrontation with monarchy but against democracy as well, the relationship of republicanism to democracy is the great absentee in the contemporary debate on non-domination. This article brings that relationship back into view in both historical and conceptual terms. It illustrates the misrepresentations of democracy in the Roman tradition and shows how these undergirded the theory of liberty as non-domination as a counter to political equality as a claim to taking part inimperium. In so doing it brings to the fore the “liberty side” of democratic citizenship as the equal rights of all citizens to exercise their political rights, in direct or indirect form.

scholarly journals Rethinking political distrust

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 213-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eri Bertsou
Keyword(s):  
Political Science ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Democratic Politics ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Unethical Conduct ◽  
Classical Liberal ◽  
Political Distrust ◽  
Established Democracies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractIncreasing political distrust has become a commonplace observational remark across many established democracies, and it is often used to explain current political phenomena. In contrast to most scholarship that focuses solely on the concept of trust and leaves distrust untheorized, this article makes a contribution by analysing political distrust. It argues that citizen distrust of government and political institutions poses a threat for democratic politics and clarifies the relationship between the distrust observed in established democracies and classical ‘liberal distrust’, which is considered beneficial for democracy. Further, it addresses the relationship between trust and distrust, identifying a series of functional asymmetries between the two concepts, with important implications for theoretical and empirical work in political science. The article suggests that a conceptualization of political distrust based on evaluations of incompetence, unethical conduct and incongruent interests can provide a fruitful ground for future research that aims to understand the causes, consequences, and potential remedies for political distrust.

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