scholarly journals Suicidal Behavior and Stress Generation in Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 488-501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard T. Liu ◽  
Anthony Spirito
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Stress Generation ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Form Of Life ◽  
Lifetime Number ◽  
Stress Interview

Stress generation has potential to account for recurrent suicidal behavior. The current study represents a first step toward evaluating this possibility in a sample of adolescent psychiatric inpatients ( n = 99; 79.80% female) followed over 6 months. At index admission, participants completed baseline measures of depressive symptom severity, suicidal ideation, lifetime history of suicide attempts, and negative life events using a contextual threat life stress interview. Negative life events since baseline were assessed at the follow-up assessment. Consistent with the stress generation hypothesis, lifetime number of suicide attempts prospectively predicted higher rates of dependent but not independent stress. Bayesian analyses also yielded substantial support for an association with overall dependent stress but provided more modest support for specificity to this form of life stress relative to independent stress. Implications of these findings and directions for future research further clarifying the role of stress generation in suicidal behavior are discussed.

Negative life events and adolescent suicidal behavior: a critical analysis from the stress process perspective

1998 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 415-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bonifacio Sandin ◽  
Paloma Chorot ◽  
Miguel A. Santed ◽  
Rosa M. Valiente ◽  
Thomas E. Joiner, Jr.
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Suicidal Behavior ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Stress Process ◽  
Process Perspective

Self-Worth Appraisal of Life Events and Beck’s Congruency Model of Depression Vulnerability

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 231-240 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul A. Frewen ◽  
David J. A. Dozois
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Continuous Model ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Life Event ◽  
Depression Vulnerability ◽  
The Social ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Self Worth

Congruency theory predicts that sociotropic and autonomous individuals may experience negative life events differently, focusing primarily on the social and achievement themes of events, respectively. The present study investigated this hypothesis in 175 undergraduate students, who completed measures of sociotropy and autonomy, depressive symptoms, and life event self-worth impact appraisals. Both negative interpersonal and personal failure-related events were related to participants’ senses of self-worth in the social and achievement domains, supporting a continuous model of life event classification. Sociotropy and specific autonomy subfactors showed differential associations with self-worth impact ratings. Recommendations for future research, psychological assessment, and treatment of depressive responses to negative life events in sociotropic and autonomous individuals are discussed.

Aggression, depression, and stressful life events predicting peer rejection in children

1995 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 845-856 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie A. Little ◽  
Judy Garber
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Peer Rejection ◽  
Sixth Grade ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Nominations

AbstractThis short-term prospective study examined the contribution of aggression and depression, stressful life events, and their interactions to the prediction of peer rejection. Subjects were 497 fifth- and sixth-grade children who completed questionnaires at two time points separated by approximately 3 months. Levels of peer rejection and aggression were assessed by peer nominations; level of depressive symptoms and number of stressful life events were measured by self-report questionnaires. Controlling for sex and baseline level of peer rejection, aggression directly predicted peer rejection. In contrast, depressive symptoms interacted with life stress to predict peer rejection. Examination of the Depression × Stress interaction revealed that depressive symptoms in children who had experienced high levels of life stress were not associated with increased levels of peer rejection, whereas depressive symptoms in children with low levels of stress were predictive of subsequent peer rejection. Several interpretations of these findings and directions for future research are suggested.

scholarly journals 2341

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (S1) ◽  
pp. 36-36
Author(s):  
Courtney Vaughan ◽  
Bethany Stangl ◽  
Rajita Sinha ◽  
Vijay Ramchandani
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Stressful Events ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Chronic Stressors ◽  
Stress Interview ◽  
The Impact

OBJECTIVES/SPECIFIC AIMS: The objective of this analysis was to characterize the impact of stress, both early life and chronic, on intravenous alcohol self-administration (IV-ASA) in healthy non-dependent drinkers using the Computer-Assisted Infusion System (CAIS). Personality measures also have shown to impact drinking behavior, particularly impulsivity. Few studies have assessed the impact of stress and impulsivity on drinking behaviors in a non-dependent population. METHODS/STUDY POPULATION: Healthy non-dependent drinkers (n=28) completed a CAIS session, where they push a button adlib to self-administer standardized IV alcohol infusions. Participants completed the Cumulative Chronic Stress interview and the Early Life Stress Questionnaire (ELSQ) for stress measures. The Cumulative Chronic Stress interview was broken up into 4 sections: major life events, life traumas, recent life events, and chronic stressors. The number of endorsed events was added up to create 4 separate scores. Subjective response and craving measures were collected serially using the Drug Effects Questionnaire (DEQ) and Alcohol Urge Questionnaire (AUQ). The Impaired Control Scale (ICS) assessed failed control over recent drinking in the past 6 months. Impulsivity was assessed using the NEO personality inventory, which included the N-impulsive sub-facet, as well as the UPPS-P Impulsive Behavior Scale. RESULTS/ANTICIPATED RESULTS: Results showed early life stress events (ELSQ) are related to more chronic stressors in the cumulative chronic stress interview (p=0.005). Participants with higher chronic stress scores showed lower subjective effects, as measured by the DEQ, following the priming exposure (p=0.036) but had more craving for alcohol as measured by the AUQ (p=0.009). A regression analysis showed the number of chronic stressful events predicted ICS failed attempts to control drinking (p=0.034), after covarying for sex. Participants with more chronic stressful events showed more impulsivity on the N-impulsivity measure (p=0.034) and the UPPS-P positive urgency measure (p=0.005). DISCUSSION/SIGNIFICANCE OF IMPACT: Non-dependent drinkers with more early life stress tend to have a higher number of chronic stressful events. More chronically stressful events were associated with feeling less effects of alcohol and higher craving for alcohol. Participants with more chronically stressful events also appear to have more failed attempts at controlling their drinking. Future analysis will assess for mediation and moderation of these factors. Chronically stressful events and impulsive behaviors could serve as important areas for intervention for better treatment outcomes for alcohol use disorders.

Which depressions are related to life stress?

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. S. Paykel
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Negative Events ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Social Rhythm ◽  
Insidious Development ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Course Of Depression

This paper examines the relationship of recent life events to specific kinds of depression using published studies and the author's own work. An overall effect of life events on depression has been found consistently and is moderate in degree. In suicide attempts there are stronger and more immediate effects than in depression. Life events precede both non-melancholic and melancholic depressions. It is only in recurrent depressions that life events are less common with melancholic pictures. Life events influence bipolar disorder as well as unipolar. Mania may be preceded by life events, particularly those involving social rhythm disruption, but it is harder to rule out events which are consequences of insidious development of illness. There are strong effects of life events and social support in postpartum depressions but in postpartum psychoses these effects are absent. Events precede depression comorbid with other disorders as well as pure depression. The course of depression is also influenced by life stress with less remission where negative events occur after onset and better outcome where earlier adverse events are neutralized. Relapse is related to immediately preceding life events. However, where depressions are both severe and recurrent life stress effects weaken and as the number of episodes increases preceding life events lessen. These findings suggest that some kinds of depression are more related to psychosocial causation and some are more biological in origin.

Adolescent internalizing symptoms and negative life events: The sensitizing effects of earlier life stress and cortisol

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (4pt2) ◽  
pp. 1411-1422 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula L. Ruttle ◽  
Jeffrey M. Armstrong ◽  
Marjorie H. Klein ◽  
Marilyn J. Essex
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Internalizing Problems ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Internalizing Symptoms ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Early Life Stress ◽  
Hierarchical Linear Model ◽  
Early Adolescent ◽  
Maternal Report

AbstractAlthough adolescence is marked by increased negative life events and internalizing problems, few studies investigate this association as an ongoing longitudinal process. Moreover, while there are considerable individual differences in the degree to which these phenomena are linked, little is known about the origins of these differences. The present study examines early life stress (ELS) exposure and early-adolescent longitudinal afternoon cortisol level as predictors of the covariation between internalizing symptoms and negative life events across high school. ELS was assessed by maternal report during infancy, and the measure of cortisol was derived from assessments at ages 11, 13, and 15 years. Life events and internalizing symptoms were assessed at ages 15, 17, and 18 years. A two-level hierarchical linear model revealed that ELS and cortisol were independent predictors of the covariation of internalizing symptoms and negative life events. Compared to those with lower levels of ELS, ELS-exposed adolescents displayed tighter covariation between internalizing symptoms and negative life events. Adolescents with lower longitudinal afternoon cortisol displayed tighter covariation between negative life events and internalizing symptoms, while those with higher cortisol demonstrated weaker covariation, partially due to increased levels of internalizing symptoms when faced with fewer negative life events.

scholarly journals Seasonality, negative life events and social support in a community sample

2003 ◽  
Vol 182 (5) ◽  
pp. 434-438 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin E. Michalak ◽  
Clare Wilkinson ◽  
Kerenza Hood ◽  
Chris Dowrick ◽  
Greg Wilkinson
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Psychosocial Factors ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Seasonal Affective Disorder ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Diagnostic Interview ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Uk

BackgroundSeasonal affective disorder (SAD) is now a well-described form of depressive disorder. However, relatively little research has focused upon psychosocial factors and SAD.AimsTo determine the association between demographic/psychosocial factors and increased reported seasonal patterns of mood disorder (seasonality) and SAD in a community sample in the UK.MethodA total of 1250 people, aged between 18 and 64 years, randomly selected from a primary care database were screened for SAD. Those above cut-off underwent diagnostic interview and completed several self-report questionnaires. Multivariate analysis was conducted to determine which variables were significantly associated with increased seasonality.ResultsFour factors (having experienced more numerous negative life events, having low levels of social support, being a woman and being non-native) were predictive of higher seasonality Being a woman was predictive of being diagnosed as a case of SAD.ConclusionsA new association has been identified between increased seasonality, negative life events and social support. Future research should assess the psychosocial causes or consequences of SAD while continuing to examine the biology of the condition.

THE RELATIONSHIP OF VOICE STRESS, ANXIETY, AND DEPRESSION TO LIFE EVENTS AND PERSONAL STYLE VARIABLES

1988 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary T. Long
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
State Anxiety ◽  
Life Stress ◽  
Negative Life Events ◽  
Prediction Equation ◽  
Personal Style ◽  
Human Stress ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Voice Stress

Two studies of the relationships between environmental events, personal style variables and reaction states were described. In study one the correlations between life events, state anxiety, trait anxiety, and voice stress were measured in 32 male and 32 female subjects. For males there was a significant correlation between life stress scores and state anxiety (r = .43, p < .05). For females there was a significant correlation between voice stress scores and state anxiety (r=.37, p < .05). The implications of these findings for a model of the human stress paradigm were discussed, and improvements in measures were proposed. A second study employed improved measures of life events and voice stress and adding the variables of Type A/ B personal style and depression was done with 24 female and 21 male subjects. More than a dozen significant correlations were found and discussed. Regression analyses indicated that the best predictor of voice stress was negative life events (r = .29, p < .06). The best predictor of depression was trait anxiety (r = .80, p < .001) with gender adding significantly to the prediction equation (Simple r =.37, p < .01). The best predictor of state anxiety was negative life events (r = .58, p < .001) with trait anxiety adding significantly to the equation (Simple r =.57, p < .001). The implications of these findings were discussed.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document