The changing political trends in erstwhile FATA: a study of the last three elections

2021 ◽  
pp. 223386592110136
Author(s):  
Raja Qaiser Ahmed ◽  
Mohammad Ishaq ◽  
Muhammad Shoaib
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Democratic Rights ◽  
Local Traditions ◽  
Tribal Areas ◽  
Substantial Change ◽  
Women Participation

This study investigates the changing political trends in erstwhile Federally Administered Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Analysis of the last three elections (2008, 2013, 2018) shows a substantial change in the region. The tribal structure, local traditions, power arrangement and electoral practices have changed significantly over a decade. The extension of the Political Parties Order to the region and its merger with Khyber Pakhtunkhwa stimulated political activities in the area that increased the political awareness of tribal people. The results of the 2013 and 2018 elections highlight the changes. Electoral activities, women participation and voter turnout increased with every election. Tribal youth joined existing political forums to demand their democratic rights. A significant percentage of the young, educated Pashtuns joined the Pashtun Tahafuz Movement in its demand for improved governance.

Independent Candidates and Political Representation in India

2018 ◽  
Vol 112 (3) ◽  
pp. 678-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
SACHA KAPOOR ◽  
ARVIND MAGESAN
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Political Representation ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Political Process ◽  
Vote Share ◽  
The Political ◽  
Standard Deviation Increase ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
Independent Candidates

We estimate the causal effect of independent candidates on voter turnout and election outcomes in India. To do this, we exploit exogenous changes in the entry deposit candidates pay for their participation in the political process, changes that disproportionately excluded candidates with no affiliation to established political parties. A one standard deviation increase in the number of independent candidates increases voter turnout by more than 6 percentage points, as some voters choose to vote rather than stay home. The vote share of independent candidates increases by more than 10 percentage points, as some existing voters switch who they vote for. Thus, independents allow winning candidates to win with less vote share, decrease the probability of electing a candidate from the governing coalition by about 31 percentage points, and ultimately increase the probability of electing an ethnic-party candidate. Altogether, the results imply that the price of participation by independents is constituency representation in government.

What Shapes Political Participation of the Poorest Citizens?

2021 ◽  
pp. 23-43
Author(s):  
Carew Boulding ◽  
Claudio A. Holzner
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Behavior ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Theoretical Explanation ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
The Political ◽  
Poor People ◽  
The Poor ◽  
Democratic Rights

This chapter presents the theoretical explanation that links core institutional features of democracy (political parties, competitive elections, civil society, and protection of democratic rights) to the political behavior of the poorest citizens. The focus is not only on those factors that boost the political activity of the poor, but those that have a disproportionately strong positive impact on poor people’s activism. The chapter argues that where civil society is strong, where political parties have the capacity and incentives to focus mobilization efforts on the poor, and where democratic institutions are strong, poor people will be able to participate at high levels.

I. The Committee-Men in the Long Parliament, August 1642–December 1643

1965 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lotte Glow
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
The Political ◽  
House Of Commons ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
Political Views ◽  
The World ◽  
The Commons

It has been said that the Civil War was won by committees. Recent writers on this subject have begun to show how parliamentary policy and its execution was forged in the committee chambers rather than on the crowded floor of the House of Commons. This article is concerned with the personnel of these committees, in particular with those men who were not famous for their political activities and attitudes. Obviously, a core of leaders was needed in order to direct the business of the committees, to give continuity to their proceedings and to ensure that their work was in accord with the policy of the Commons. But the political ‘parties’ were relatively small, and with all the enthusiasm in the world their members could not attend personally to all aspects of government, civil and military. This study is concerned with the men who had no known political views but who contributed a great deal of time and effort to the running of parliamentary affairs. Because of their relative obscurity in the House it will be useful to ask why they were chosen to serve on certain committees, how their background and activity compared with that of their more ‘political’ colleagues, and how they reacted to situations where they were required to take a political stand. Above all, it will be possible to judge whether these men formed a coherent group rather than a random collection of individuals. These men owed their positions to their administrative skill rather than to their political affiliations. As administrators they were responsible to the legislature, and during a time of intensified state intervention, they became analogous to a non-political civil service, ready to execute the policy decisions of the party leaders.

Some General Characteristics of Nonpartisan Elections

1952 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 766-776 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles R. Adrian
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Middle Class ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Party ◽  
Turn Of The Century ◽  
Reform Movement ◽  
The Political ◽  
Corporate Structure ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Nonpartisan Elections

Out of the middle-class businessman's “Efficiency and Economy Movement” that reached full strength in the second decade of the twentieth century came a series of innovations designed to place government “on a business basis” and to weaken the power of the political parties. The movement was inspired both by the example of the success of the corporate structure in trade and industry and by revulsion against the low standards of morality to be found in many sectors of political party activity around the turn of the century. The contemporary brand of politician had recently been exposed by the “muck-rakers” and the prestige of the parties had reached a very low level.Of the numerous ideas and mechanisms adopted as a result of the reform movement, one of the most unusual was that of election without party designation. Early in the twentieth century, under the theory that judges are neutral referees, not political officers, and that political activities should therefore be discouraged in the choosing of them, many communities initiated “nonpartisan” elections (the term that is usually applied) in the balloting for judicial posts.

scholarly journals Constructing the Political Potential of the Retired Segments of Society

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 987
Author(s):  
Ljubica Milosavljević
Keyword(s):  
Social Issue ◽  
Political Parties ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
Socialist Party ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Second Period

The paper represents an attempt to address the issue of ways in which the political potential of the retired population is constructed. This process can be divided into two distinct periods. The first started with the introduction of the multiparty system, when the political potential of pensioners was imbedded into the activities of the Socialist Party of Serbia which had been in power at the time. This indicates the failure of political parties of pensioners to construct the issue of retirees as a political, or broader social issue. The second period is characterized by the loss of influence of the SPS after the political changes of 2000, after which the Party of United Pensioners of Serbia (PUPS) was formed, in 2005, as an independent political organization. This party, finally, succeeded in constructing the political potential of pensioners as a resource, but it did so with the help of coalition partners among which the regenerated SPS is a major one, a fact which means that the process of construction continues relentlessly. The construed resource, for the political activities of the party as well as for the oldest part of society or pensioners as potential voters, is one of the major indicators of old age as a social issue in the "arena" it shares with other social issues.

scholarly journals When the World Around You Is Changing: Investigating the Influence of Alienation and Indifference on Voter Turnout

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Wuttke
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Voter Turnout ◽  
Perceived Competence ◽  
Political Context ◽  
The Political ◽  
Electoral Participation ◽  
Oxford University ◽  
The World ◽  
Previous Election ◽  
Over Time

This chapter investigates the amount of variability in individual turnout decisions over time and its dependence on the changing characteristics of political parties as one feature of the political context. Electoral participation in the German federal elections from 1994 to 2013 was characterized by inertia for most eligible voters. However, one reason for dynamics in turnout behavior is changes in individual alienation with regard to the political parties. When voters develop a more favorable view of the political parties than in the previous election in terms of the parties’ generalized evaluation or perceived competence, then they are motivated to switch from abstention to voting (and vice versa). But the political parties’ capacity to raise turnout rates is rather narrow compared to the influence of other determinants, such as the perceived duty to vote.Wuttke, Alexander (2017). "When the world around you is changing: Investigating the Influence of Alienation and Indifference on Voter Turnout", in: Schoen, Harald; Roßteutscher, Sigrid; Schmitt-Beck, Rüdiger; Weßels, Bernhard; Wolf, Christof (eds.): "Voters and Voting in Context", Oxford University Press, pp. pp. 146–166.

scholarly journals Partisipasi Politik Perempuan Perspektif Hukum Islam

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-27
Author(s):  
Sri Warjiyati
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Participation ◽  
Political Development ◽  
Equal Opportunity ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Political Organization ◽  
The Political ◽  
Women In Politics ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Participation Of Women

Abstract: This article discusses political participation of women from the perspective of Islamic law.  In paricular, it will highlights a women political organization called KPPI (Kaukus Politik Perempuan Indonesia or Indonesian political women caucus).  There are obstacles and challenges for improving women political participation due to personal, internal and external issues. For personal issues, the political awareness for women is relatively low which needs improvement. For internal perspective, not all available political parties gives space and opportunity for women political development, whereas externally, the improvement of women political participation is so limited that they do not participate in politics and do politics correctly. Islam provides equal opportunity for men and women in politics. This can be seen in many sex-neutral injunctions in the Holy Qur’an which commands amar ma’ruf nahi munkar (promote the good and prevent the evil).  This command encompasses all aspects of life, including politics and state issues. Women are also responsible in this respect. Based on that, Islam provide ground for women to actively in politics. Keywords: women political participation, Islamic Law   Abstrak: Artikel ini membahas tentang partisipasi politik perempuan perspektif hukum Islam. Partisipasi politik perempuan di Indonesia tergabung pada Kaukus Politik Perempuan Indonesia (KPPI). Terdapat berbagai hambatan dan tantangan dalam upaya peningkatan partisipasi politik perempuan, baik secara personal, internal maupun eksternal. Secara personal, kesadaran berpolitik bagi perempuan relatif masih rendah, sehingga perlu ditingkatkan. Dari sisi internal, belum semua partai memberikan ruang dan kesempatan bagi pengembangan politik perempuan, sedangkan secara eksternal, peningkatan partisipasi politik perempuan masih mengalami banyak keterbatasan, sehingga perempuan masih relatif rendah untuk masuk dalam politik dan berpolitik secara benar. Islam memberikan kesempatan kepada kaum perempuan yang berkecimpung dalam kegiatan politik, ini bisa terlihat pada banyak ayat dalam al-Qur’an yang memerintahkan amar ma’ruf nahi munkar. Ini berlaku untuk segala macam kegiatan, tidak terkecuali dalam bidang politik dan kenegaraan. Perempuan juga turut bertanggungjawab dalam hal ini. Berdasarkan hal tersebut, maka perempuan dalam Islam juga memiliki hak untuk berpartisipasi dalam politik. Kata Kunci: partisipasi, politik, perempuan, hukum Islam.

Measuring political agenda setting and representation in Turkey

2016 ◽  
Vol 23 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-730 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alper T Bulut
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Party Competition ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
The Political ◽  
Legislative Politics ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Political Issue ◽  
Project Approach ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Issue Attention

This article introduces a novel data set on the agenda of the Turkish legislature and political parties. Using the Comparative Agendas Project approach, we trace political issue attention over an 11–year-period (2003–2013). By topic coding various political activities, this approach illustrates the dynamics of the Turkish political agenda and the issue attention of the political parties, and, therefore, sheds new empirical light on the dynamics of Turkish legislative politics and party competition. In this article, we explain the construction of the data set from data collection to coding, describe its features, and provide examples of possible applications.

scholarly journals The Interplay of Rhetoric and Voting Behavior in Pakistan: The Perspective of Youth

2020 ◽  
Vol V (II) ◽  
pp. 215-227
Author(s):  
Shabnam Gul ◽  
Zainab Asif Dar ◽  
Kishwar Munir
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Political Communication ◽  
Voting Behavior ◽  
Political System ◽  
Political Rhetoric ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Party Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Electoral Campaigns

Political communication is one of the major aspects of any political system. The speeches of politicians, especially the political party leaders, are an important source of political awareness regarding pertinent issues facing any country. However, politicians often rely on political rhetoric to appeal to the emotions of prospective voters. This paper explored the use of political rhetoric in political discourse in Pakistan. Political rhetoric pertains to exaggeration of reality and distortion of facts to change the views and perception of the public. Politicians actively use this as a tool to gain the support of their potential voters in their electoral campaigns. The researchers analyzed the statements of leaders of three major political parties in Pakistan. It has been concluded from this research that politicians focus on populist political rhetoric when they address their voters to garner support rather than educating them about real political, social, and economic challenges. Thus political rhetoric is a significant factor in voting behavior.

scholarly journals Relasi Pertukaran Sosial antara Masyarakat dan Partai Politik

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-95
Author(s):  
Nofal Liata
Keyword(s):  
Political Parties ◽  
Social Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Political Activity ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Political Struggle ◽  
Exchange Relationship ◽  
Political Awareness ◽  
Political Activities ◽  
Symbiotic Mutualism

The study aims to discuss the social exchange relationship "symbiotic mutualism" mutual benefit between society and political parties. The author sees, the community's perspective saw political activity it is still perceived as something dirty, tends to apathy, not as a means of political struggle to make a profit.  The purpose of this study is to uncover more conceptual facts of favorable relationships to two parties so that political activity is then a place of healthy and conducive struggle, which is not contrary to the rules of the law.  The method of collecting data in this study is to use the primary data of political sociology core literacy, then to use secondary data on the relevance of social reality to strengthen primary data. This study of the symbiotic mutualism relationship is very beneficial to build the political awareness of the community and the elite of political parties to support development, whether it is the development of material and non-material, so that political activities become beneficial for all circles, not even in the left.

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