Land Governance in Fifth Schedule Areas: A Critical Analysis of Chhattisgarh State

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102492110514
Author(s):  
Nayakara Veeresha
Keyword(s):  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Gradual Decline ◽  
Land Holdings

The governance of land is central to the political economy of development. In India, The schedule areas are demarcated primarily for the development of adivasis who are officially classified as Scheduled Tribes (STs)/and protection of culture through special legal and administrative provisions in the form of fifth and sixth schedule. The article aims to understand and analyse the land governance in the areas of Fifth Schedule with specific reference to the Chhattisgarh State. It explores the role of Governor in preventing the land alienation. The main data sources include the agriculture census, diversion of forest land for the development projects including the mining along with cases of PESA and FRA using a process tracing methodology. The gradual decline in the size of average land holdings indicates the failure of land governance. There is a need to clear the legal ambiguity between the provisions of Fifth Schedule with particular reference to the role of Governor to establish peace and good governance.

scholarly journals Critical Analysis of the Oversight Role of the Education Portfolio Committee in Parliament of South Africa

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 72 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. W. Manona
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Adverse Consequence ◽  
Senior Executives ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Ruling Party

There is a prevalent assumption in South Africa that Parliament is guided by the ideals of democracy, accountability, transparency and accessibility. However, there are still gaps and challenges as far as theoversight role of Parliament is concerned, despite the presence of committees that have been established to oversee the executive and relevant structures of government, government activities and public finances. There is widespread maladministration and misuse of government expenditure in government departments. This paper investigates the oversight role of parliamentary committees to determine their relative influence on accountability and democracy in the execution of functions by public functionaries. The aim of the paper is to provide an understanding into inherent problems in the oversight role of Parliament in the democratic dispensation in South Africa, which seems not to have been given serious attention in the academia, considering the pivotal role Parliament plays in the lives of citizens of the country. These oversight committees have selectively held Senior Executives or Ministers accountable for their ineffectiveness, misuse of government expenditure and maladministration. This could be attributed to the fact that oversight in South Africa does not seem to be properly understood and implemented as it should be. Moreover, the influence of the majoritarian authority of the ruling party in committees seems to be colluding with the executive. Failure to take action against cases of omission brings questions on the effectiveness and efficiency of the oversight role of Parliament. The adverse consequence is the delay in the provision of good quality services to poor communities. This paper employed the theoretical approach as a method of data collection. Conclusions have been drawn that the shortcomings of the parliamentary committees compromise accountability and good governance in service delivery.

scholarly journals A walk in the park: political emotions and ethnographic vacillation in activist research

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 554-564 ◽  
Author(s):  
Theresa L Petray
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Theoretical Approach ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Critical Reflection ◽  
Early Morning ◽  
The Political ◽  
Research Participants ◽  
Power And Resistance ◽  
Political Emotions

Critically engaged activist research blends a theoretical approach towards power and resistance with a practical methodology for ethnographies of social movements. However, when undertaking this sort of research it can be easy to lose sight of critical analysis because of the political emotions that researchers share with activist participants. I was reminded of the need for critical reflection by a particularly jarring ethnographic moment: during a quiet, early morning walk through Brisbane’s Musgrave Park I became a witness in a murder investigation. This moment, and the aftermath of it, led me to critically analyse my own political emotions and those of my research participants. This article examines the role of activist researchers through the lens of my moment in the park. I argue that, while it is important to share political emotions with research participants, activist researchers must remain reflexive and critical of those emotions.

scholarly journals 15 YEARS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SLOVENIA IN NATO – A CRITICAL VIEW ON DEFENCE SYSTEM

2019 ◽  
pp. 83-94
Author(s):  
MARKO CEHOVIN
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Elites ◽  
Critical View ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Defence Spending ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Developed World

Abstract Shortly after Independence, and even more profoundly after joining NATO, the issue of defence and security in Slovenia was set aside. It has been quickly forgotten that an army is a fundamental element of statehood, and that several times in history Slovenes have been forced to defend their existence with an armed force. “Budgetary malnutrition”, in combination with malfunctioning human resource management, has pushed the defence system into a spiral quest for the lowest point. By failing to fulfil its commitments on the level and structure of defence spending, Slovenia has lost much of its credibility in the Alliance in recent years. Slovenia gained a great deal by joining NATO. Geopolitically it has (re)positioned itself as part of the most developed world. The most significant benefit of membership is collective security, which has brought manifold effects, including economic ones; defence is much cheaper today than it would be if Slovenia were not a member of the Alliance. After fifteen years of NATO membership, Slovenia is still divided between peace idealism and realism that historically confirms that allies are required. The defence system needs to be renovated, transformed and integrated, and solutions that have been repeatedly already identified must be implemented. The role of the political elites is to recognize, lead and guide these challenges. Key words Defence system, NATO, critical analysis, reforms.

Divining Disposition: The Role of Elite Beliefs and Gender Narratives in Women’s Suffrage

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariel J. Barnes
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Party Identification ◽  
Process Tracing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Process ◽  
Political Preferences ◽  
Primary Documents ◽  
And Gender

Most accounts of franchise extension hold that elites extend electoral rights when they believe expansions will consolidate their political power. Yet, how do elites come to believe this? And how do elites make inferences about the political preferences of the disenfranchised? I argue that elites utilize the cue of “disposition” to determine the consequences of enfranchisement. Disposition refers to the innate characteristics of an individual (or group) that are believed to shape behavior and decision-making. Importantly, because disposition is perceived to be intrinsic, elites assume it is more stable and permanent than party identification or policy preferences. Using historical process-tracing and discourse analysis of primary documents, I determine that disposition was frequently and repeatedly used to either support or oppose women’s enfranchisement in New Zealand.

The Democratizer Army Paradox: The Role of the Algerian Army in Impeded Democratization

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1047
Author(s):  
Furkan Halit Yolcu
Keyword(s):  
Process Tracing ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Sphere ◽  
Civil Military Relations ◽  
Military Relations ◽  
The Military

The main paradox of the civil–military relations theory has been the protection of the political sphere from the military, which is administered by the politicians. The new dilemma lies under the paradox that occurs when the political sphere is entirely co-opted by the military, which is legitimized through democratization instead of protection of the civilian sphere. The question regarding the continuity of the pathology, the military superiority over the civil administration, has been largely omitted. This study is an attempt to respond to this conundrum related to the continuity of pathological civil–military relations. The main focus is the pathology that occurs when the military is the modernizer or the democratizer in a country. The study uses process tracing to collect the data as research attempts to unravel the rationale behind the continuity of military dominance in politics. In doing so, it will attempt to trace the causality between the lack of democratization and military dominance over politics in the case of Algeria.

Review Article: Good Governance, Institutions and Economic Development: Beyond the Conventional Wisdom

2009 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 195-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastian Dellepiane-Avellaneda
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Research ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Human Learning ◽  
Review Article ◽  
The Political ◽  
Credible Commitment ◽  
Policy Issues ◽  
Governance Institutions ◽  
Political Foundations

This article reviews comparative research on institutions and economic performance, identifying analytical gaps in the political economy of growth literature. It also examines core assumptions underpinning the good-governance approach to development. Contrasting experiences of conceptual and policy issues in East Asia and Latin America are discussed. The author suggests future scholarship in this field should distinguish between the rules and the play of the game; move beyond the property rights approach to development; stress the distributional, endogenous nature of institutions; investigate the role of informal constraints and human learning; and consider sources of credible commitment and self-enforcing growth. Focusing on some uncertainties in the accepted wisdom on good governance and development, this article furthers the consolidation of research on the political foundations of prosperity.

scholarly journals "What happened was foremost an assault by interests of the big capital." An interview with Breda Pavlič.

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 251-261
Author(s):  
Sašo Slaček Brlek ◽  
Jernej Amon Prodnik
Keyword(s):  
United Nations ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
Academic Field ◽  
Communication Problems ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Communication Policies ◽  
Free Flow Of Information ◽  
Flow Of Information

Interview with Breda Pavlič, critical researcher and former staff member of UNESCO’s Division of Free Flow of Information and Communication Policies in the 1980s (1984-1989). We discussed her path towards the critical-analysis approach to information and communication problems, the role of such analyses in the academic field of the time, as well as within the political context of the Movement of Non-Aligned Countries, and their initiative in UNESCO and in the United Nations Organization for a New international information and communication order (NIICO).

scholarly journals Ideology in the Era of “Cynical Reason” (Interpretation of Ideology in Slavoj Žižek’s Works)

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-23
Author(s):  
I. V. Demin
Keyword(s):  
Political Philosophy ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
The Political ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Ideological Criticism ◽  
Political Sciences ◽  
Philosophy And Religion ◽  
Peter Sloterdijk ◽  
Human Thinking

The article is devoted to the critical analysis of the concept of ideology developed by Slavoj Žižek, the modern Slovenian philosopher. The author reveals the possibilities and limitations of Žižek’s approach to understanding the phenomenon of ideology and considers the initial presumptions and methodological assumptions that this approach is based upon. The article shows that despite the indisputable originality, Žižek’s theory is not devoid of contradictions, and the interpretation of ideology as an illusion and mystification, which is justified within the framework of Marxist political philosophy, loses its foundations in the context of the post-structuralist methodology. According to I.Demin’s conclusion, Žižek’s philosophical and political thinking falls prey to the scheme that Peter Sloterdijk defined as “mutual tracking of ideologies”. Criticism of ideology here implies criticism of one ideo logy from the standpoint of another, or criticism of “bad” ideology from the standpoint of “good” ideology. The “criticizing” ideology is not clearly articulated, but implicitly assumed. The fact that the “critic” of ideology prefers not to reveal his own bias constitutes an integral part of the strategy of ideological criticism, as opposed to scientific criticism. Ideology as the principle that structures social reality obtains an allencompassing character in Žižek’s interpretation, since it underlies all human actions and human thinking. However, if there is no way to separate ideology from scientific knowledge, to distinguish between ideology, philosophy and religion, it turns out that ideology is everything and nothing at the same time. With this interpretation, “ideology” becomes an unoperationalizable concept for Social and Political Sciences, and therefore useless. At the same time, a number of the provisions formulated by Žižek (on ideological “fastening”, on the role of the enemy figure in the ideological discourse, etc.) may be in high demand in the course of developing an adequate methodological strate gy for studying the phenomenon of ideology, which distances itself from both “naïve” objectivist doctrines and the extremes of the political anti-essentialism and anti-universalism.

Afterword

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Johnston
Keyword(s):  
Good Governance ◽  
The Political ◽  
Technological Innovations ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
End Of History ◽  
The Past ◽  
Political Landscape ◽  
The World ◽  
Self Assessments

The afterword to this volume argues that seeking a triumph of anticorruption smacks of rosy self-assessments that situate us at the end of history. It continues to explain that there are at least two other major fallacies in the ways we commonly understand corruption problems. One is to assume that the standards against which we judge political actors are more or less permanent aspects of the political landscape. The second fallacy is to assume that thanks to modern conceptions of “good governance” and the role of the “neutral” state and technological innovations we have now got anticorruption figured out. The afterword concludes by emphasizing that we would be well-served if we were to look to the past, as well as to other parts of the world, with the more modest goal of learning how to ask, and seek answers for, better questions.

scholarly journals Imperialism, ANZAC nationalism and the Aboriginal experience of warfare

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 63-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
Padraic John Gibson
Keyword(s):  
19Th Century ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Aboriginal People ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The Political ◽  
Capitalist Class ◽  
Historical Continuity ◽  
New Research ◽  
The 19Th Century

Aboriginal protest played a key role in undermining the celebratory settler-nationalism of the bicentennial in 1988. In the lead up to another major nationalist mobilisation, the centenary of the Gallipoli invasion on ANZAC Day 2015, extensive official efforts are being made to incorporate Aboriginal experiences into the day, through celebration of the role of Aboriginal people who served in Australia’s armed forces. This article provides a critical analysis of the 2014 NAIDOC theme as a way of exploring some of the tensions in this process. The NAIDOC theme, ‘Serving Country: Centenary and Beyond’, presented a continuity between Aboriginal soldiers in WW1 and Aboriginal warriors who fought in defence of their land during the 19th Century Frontier Wars. In contrast, this article argues that the real historical continuity is between the massacres on the frontier, which often involved Aboriginal troopers fighting for the colonial powers, and the invasions undertaken by Australian soldiers in WW1. New research documenting the horrific scale on which Aboriginal people were killed by Native Police in Queensland in the second half of the 19th Century is integrated with studies of the political economy of Australian settler-capitalism in this period. This analysis is used to demonstrate how capitalist class interests drove both the Frontier Wars and the development of an Australian regional empire, which was consolidated by the mobilisation of Australian troops in WW1.

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