Dietary Intake Is Associated with Occlusal Force Rather Than Number of Teeth in 80-y-Old Japanese

2016 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Inomata ◽  
K. Ikebe ◽  
H. Okubo ◽  
H. Takeshita ◽  
Y. Mihara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Japanese People ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Occlusal Force ◽  
Masticatory Function ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
Fish And Shellfish

There has been a growing interest in the association between the number of teeth and dietary intake in older populations. However, people around the age of 80 y have frequently lost most of their teeth, and dental prostheses replacing the missing teeth play an important role in masticatory function. Therefore, masticatory function cannot be evaluated by the number of teeth alone. The occlusal force of the complete dental arches is an index of masticatory function, reflecting not only the number of teeth, but the effect of removable dentures. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to determine the relative importance of the number of teeth and occlusal force in association with dietary intake in 80-y-old Japanese people. This study included 760 community-dwelling Japanese people aged 79 y to 81 y. The authors measured bilateral maximal occlusal force in the intercuspal position using pressure-sensitive sheets. Removable denture wearers kept their dentures in place during the measurements. Energy-adjusted food groups and nutrient intake during the preceding month were assessed by a brief self-administered diet history questionnaire. The authors assessed linear trends in food and nutrient intake in relation to the number of teeth and occlusal force after adjusting for gender and socioeconomic status (education level, financial status, family structure, resident area and BMI). P values of < 0.05 were considered to be statistically significant. The authors found that the number of teeth was not associated with the energy-adjusted intake of any food group examined. In contrast, a decline in occlusal force was significantly associated with a lower intake of vegetables, fish and shellfish, protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber and most vitamins and minerals ( P for trend < 0.05). We conclude that food and nutrient intake was more closely associated with occlusal force than the number of teeth in community-dwelling Japanese people aged 79 y to 81 y. Knowledge Transfer Statement: This cross-sectional study of older Japanese people showed that, after controlling for considerable covariates, occlusal force rather than the number of teeth is positively associated with energy-adjusted intake of vegetables, fish and shellfish, protein, polyunsaturated fatty acids, dietary fiber and most of vitamins and minerals. This means that reduced occlusal force may unconsciously lead older people toward a habitual unhealthy dietary intake. Older people have frequently lost most of their teeth and require prosthetics to restore masticatory function. Bilateral occlusal force is therefore a better measure of masticatory function than the number of remaining teeth. Our findings suggest that prosthetic rehabilitation is a significant factor in the prevention and management of chronic diseases and frailty through better dietary intake in older populations.

The Relationship between Dental Findings and Tongue Pressure: A Survey of 745 Community-Dwelling Adults and Elderly Persons in Japan

Gerontology ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Kensuke Tashiro ◽  
Sakiko Soutome ◽  
Madoka Funahara ◽  
Yumiko Kawashita ◽  
Masayasu Kitamura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Grip Strength ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Tongue Pressure ◽  
Elderly Persons ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Teeth ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Reduced tongue pressure is one of the causes of dysphagia. The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between dental findings and tongue pressure, and whether prosthetic treatment prevents reduced tongue pressure. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. Participants were 745 community-dwelling adults and elderly persons in the Goto Islands in Nagasaki, who underwent a health checkup for residents in 2015 and 2016. Data were collected on gender; age; grip strength; hemoglobin; Creatinine (Cr); glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c); history of stroke; smoking, drinking, exercise, and walking habits; number of teeth; wearing of removable dentures; functional units of natural teeth (n-FTUs), fixed prostheses (nif-FTUs), and removable dentures (t-FTUs); and tongue pressure. The associations between each variable and tongue pressure were examined using multiple regression analysis. Next, those with 3 or fewer n-FTUs were selected, and differences in tongue pressure were compared between those with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs and those with 4 or more nif-FTUs, using a propensity score matching method. Results: Male gender, weak grip strength, low HbA1c, no drinking, and a low number of teeth were independent factors significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. Among participants with 3 or fewer n-FTUs, the 43 with 4 or more nif-FTUs showed significantly higher tongue pressure than the 43 with 3 or fewer nif-FTUs after propensity score matching, although the number of t-FTUs was not associated with tongue pressure. Discussion/Conclusion: Tooth loss was significantly associated with lower tongue pressure. It was suggested that fixed prosthesis treatment might prevent the reduction of tongue pressure, but removable dentures did not have such an effect.

Distance from the nearest grocery stores and frequency of store-specific shopping are associated with dietary intake frequency among the community-dwelling independent elderly population

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Shinji Iizaka ◽  
Emiko Koitabashi ◽  
Takako Negishi ◽  
Aki Kawamura ◽  
Yuzuru Iizuka
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Grocery Stores ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Suburban Cities

Background: Low accessibility to grocery stores may change dietary habits and increase health problems for elderly people living in communities. Aim: This study investigated whether the distance from the nearest grocery stores, including supermarkets, convenience stores, and drugstores, and the frequency of store-specific shopping were associated with dietary intake frequency among elderly people. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in two towns of suburban cities. A total of 177 people aged ≥65 years were recruited ( M age=76.7 years). The frequency of intake of 10 food groups and dietary variety scores (DVS) were evaluated. Distances from the districts to the nearest grocery stores and the frequency of shopping during a week at each store were evaluated using a geographic information system. Results: For supermarkets, people living <300 metres from the nearest supermarket showed a higher intake frequency of fruit ( p=0.024) and oil/fat ( p=0.045), and those shopping three or more times a week showed a higher intake frequency of meat ( p=0.025). In the case of drugstores, people shopping one or more times a week showed a higher intake frequency of eggs ( p=0.006) and oil/fat ( p=0.048). People living <300 m from the nearest supermarkets ( p=0.048) and drugstores ( p=0.047) showed higher DVS than those living ≥500 m from the nearest supermarkets and drugstores. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that shopping at supermarkets and drugstores is associated with dietary intake frequency and dietary quality for elderly people living in suburban cities.

scholarly journals Investigating Risk of Suboptimal Macro and Micronutrient Intake and Their Determinants in Older Danish Adults with Specific Focus on Protein Intake—A Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 795 ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Rønnow Schacht ◽  
Mads Vendelbo Lind ◽  
Rasmus Bechshøft ◽  
Grith Højfeldt ◽  
Søren Reitelseder ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Protein Intake ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Unsaturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Micronutrient Intake ◽  
Dietary Record

Suboptimal intake of nutrients is associated with adverse health outcomes. The current study investigated the risk of suboptimal macro and micronutrient intake and their potential determinants in a cross-sectional study of community-dwelling older Danish adults (65–81 years). Nutrient intake was obtained through a 3-day weighted dietary record and information on personal characteristics and attitudes towards specific foods and dietary habits and nutrition through questionnaires. Dietary Reference Values (DRV) from the Nordic Nutrition Recommendations were used for the assessment. Among 157 participants, 68% and 66% had risk of suboptimal intake of dietary fiber and saturated fatty acids (SFA). For mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), the numbers were 47% and 62%, respectively. Increased risk of suboptimal protein intake was estimated in 3 to 45% of the participants, depending on the criteria used for the DRV and of the mode of expressing protein intake. Fifty percent had intakes of alcohol above the maximum recommended intake. Risk of micronutrient inadequacy was particularly high for vitamin D and thiamine (80 and 45%, respectively). Total energy intake and attitude regarding healthy eating were associated with lower nutrient intake. The current study illustrates that there is room for improvements in the dietary quality of community dwelling older Danish adults.

scholarly journals Dietary Intake of Vitamin E and Fats Associated with Sarcopenia in Community-Dwelling Older Japanese People: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Fifth Survey of the ROAD Study

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1730
Author(s):  
Yuta Otsuka ◽  
Toshiko Iidaka ◽  
Chiaki Horii ◽  
Shigeyuki Muraki ◽  
Hiroyuki Oka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Vitamin E ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Road Study

Dietary habits are of considerable interest as a modifiable factor for the maintenance of muscle health, especially sarcopenia. The present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary intake and sarcopenia prevalence in community-dwelling Japanese subjects. This cross-sectional study was conducted using data from the fifth survey of the Research on Osteoarthritis/Osteoporosis against Disability (ROAD) study, and 1345 participants (437 men and 908 women) aged ≥60 years were included in the analysis. Sarcopenia was determined by the definition of the Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia established in 2014, and dietary intake was assessed with the brief-type self-administered diet history questionnaire. Overall, 77 subjects (5.7%) were identified as having sarcopenia, 5.0% of men and 6.1% of women. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that the odds ratios of sarcopenia for the dietary intake of vitamin E (α-tocopherol, 0.14 (CI 0.04–0.49), β-tocopherol (0.24, CI 0.07–0.78), γ-tocopherol (0.28, CI 0.09–0.87), and fats (fat 0.27, CI 0.08–0.96; monounsaturated fatty acids, 0.22, CI 0.07–0.72, polyunsaturated fatty acids, 0.28, CI 0.09–0.89) at the highest quantile were significantly lower compared with those at the lowest quantile. Therefore, higher dietary intakes of vitamin E and fats would be associated with a lower prevalence of sarcopenia.

scholarly journals Effects of lunch club attendance on the dietary intake of older adults in the UK: A pilot cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 209-214 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fotini Tsofliou ◽  
Maria G Grammatikopoulou ◽  
Rosie Lumley ◽  
Konstantinos Gkiouras ◽  
Jose Lara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calcium Iron ◽  
The Uk

Background: Lunch clubs are community-based projects where meals are offered with opportunities for social interaction, and a unique dining experience of dual commercial and communal nature. Aim: The aim of the present cross-sectional study was to assess differences in the dietary intake between lunch club and non-lunch club days among community-dwelling elderly, living in Dorset, UK. Methods: A total of 39 elderly individuals attending local lunch clubs were recruited. Socioeconomic factors were recorded, anthropometric measurements were taken and the dietary intake was assessed in lunch club and non-lunch club days via 24 hour dietary recalls. Results: For the majority of participants, having a hot meal (74.4%), meeting with friends (92.3%), dining outside home (76.9%), having a home-styled cooked meal (71.8%) and skipping cooking (43.6%) were considered as important factors for lunch club dining. Absolute energy intake, protein, fat, carbohydrate, saturated fatty acids, fibre, potassium, calcium, iron, vitamins A, C and folate and water from drinks were significantly greater on lunch club days. When intake was expressed as a percentage of the dietary reference values, all examined nutrients were consumed in greater adequacy during lunch club days, except potassium and vitamin D. Conclusions: Lunch clubs appear to be an effective means for ameliorating nutrient intake among older adults, while in parallel, offer the opportunity for socializing and sharing a hot meal with peers.

Associations between vision, hearing and tooth loss and social interactions: the JAGES cross-sectional study

2020 ◽  
pp. jech-2020-214545
Author(s):  
Ayaka Igarashi ◽  
Jun Aida ◽  
Tatsuo Yamamoto ◽  
Yoshimune Hiratsuka ◽  
Katsunori Kondo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Tooth Loss ◽  
Population Attributable Fraction ◽  
Evaluation Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Teeth

BackgroundDifficulties in communication due to vision, hearing and tooth loss have a serious impact on health. We compared the association between and attribution of each of these factors on social interaction.MethodsThis cross-sectional study examined data from the 2016 Japan Gerontological Evaluation Study (n=22 295) on community-dwelling people aged ≥65 years in Japan. The dependent variable was the frequency of meeting friends as a measure of social interaction, and less-than-monthly was defined as fewer social interactions. The independent variables were self-reported degrees of vision, hearing (5-point Likert scale) and tooth loss (five categories), with ‘poor’ or ‘0 teeth’ defined as the worst category. Sex, age, educational attainment, comorbidity and residential area were used as covariates. Poisson regression analysis with multiple imputations was used to estimate the prevalence ratios (PRs) of fewer social interactions by each status. Subsequently, the population attributable fraction (PAF) was calculated to assess the public health impact.ResultsThe number of participants with fewer social interactions was 5622 (26.9%). Proportions of fewer social interactions among those with the worst vision, hearing and number of teeth categories were 48.7%, 40.1% and 32.0%, respectively. Their corresponding PRs of fewer social interactions were 1.72 (95% CI 0.97 to 3.05), 1.35 (95% CI 0.99 to 1.85) and 1.23 (95% CI 1.10 to 1.37), respectively. The total PAF for vision, hearing and number of teeth was 8.3%, 5.0% and 6.4%, respectively.ConclusionSelf-reported vision, hearing and tooth loss were associated with fewer social interactions. The magnitude of these impairments was largest in vision, followed by tooth and hearing loss.

scholarly journals Association of Sarcopenia with Osteopenia and Osteoporosis in Community-Dwelling Older Korean Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 129
Author(s):  
Do-Youn Lee ◽  
Sunghoon Shin
Keyword(s):  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bone Disorders ◽  
Korean Adults ◽  
Health And Nutrition ◽  
Physical Examinations

Sarcopenia and bone disorders, such as osteopenia and osteoporosis, are common musculoskeletal disorders in older adults. Therefore, this study aimed to establish the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders such as osteoporosis and osteopenia according to sex. We analyzed 3077 participants from the 2008–2011 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey aged 65 years or older. After adjusting for all covariates, such as physical examinations, exercise, and nutrient intake (model 4), the odds ratios for the association between sarcopenia and bone disorders were 2.051 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.498–2.808) in osteopenia and 2.258 (95% CI: 1.584–3.218) in osteoporosis. However, when sex was analyzed separately, the odds ratio was significantly different in men (osteopenia—2.068, 95% CI: 1.462–2.924; osteoporosis—3.247, 95% CI: 1.953–5.399), but not in women. Therefore, the results of this study show an association between sarcopenia and bone disorders in older Korean adults. Sarcopenia is significantly related to osteopenia and osteoporosis, especially in men, when stratified by sex.

scholarly journals Inadequacy of nutrient intake among adolescent girls in south central Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beza Yilma ◽  
Bilal S. Endris ◽  
Yalemwork G. Mengistu ◽  
Binyam G. Sisay ◽  
Seifu H. Gebreyesus
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Adolescent Girls ◽  
Nutrient Intake ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Southern Ethiopia ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Central Ethiopia ◽  
South Central

Abstract Adolescent undernutrition is a major public health problem in Ethiopia. Inadequate dietary intake of nutrients is the major determinants of undernutrition. However, the adequacy of dietary intake among adolescents was not sufficiently explored. The present study aims to estimate the inadequacy of nutrient intake among adolescent girls in south central Ethiopia. A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted. We assess food and nutrient intake using repeated multiple-pass 24-h dietary recall. The study was conducted in Damot Gale district, Woliyta zone, Southern Ethiopia. Data were collected from 288 female adolescents. The majority of adolescent girls consumed cereals (96⋅9 %) and roots/tubers (75⋅3 %). However, only less than 1 % of them consumed flesh food. The mean energy, carbohydrate, protein and dietary fibre intake of the adolescent girls per day was 1452⋅7 ± 356⋅3 kcal, 305⋅6 ± 72⋅4 g, 35⋅7 ± 13⋅3 g and 18⋅6 ± 8⋅4 g, respectively. The median fat intake was 13⋅3 g (IQR 8⋅8, 19⋅8). The contribution of carbohydrate, protein and fat for the total energy was 80, 10 and 8 %, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate intake of protein was 60⋅9 %. The prevalence of inadequate intake of iron for early adolescents and late adolescents was 82 and 53 %, respectively. The prevalence of inadequate intake of folate was 83⋅9 % and zinc was 58 %. The prevalence of inadequate intake was greater than 90 % for vitamin B12, vitamin C and calcium. The present study found an alarmingly high prevalence of inadequate intake of some nutrients among adolescent girls of Damot Gale district.

scholarly journals Relationship between Masticatory Function and Bone Mineral Density in Community-Dwelling Elderly: A Cross-Sectional Study

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 845
Author(s):  
Kumi Ikebuchi ◽  
Yuhei Matsuda ◽  
Mayu Takeda ◽  
Miwako Takeda ◽  
Takafumi Abe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Masticatory Function

The relationship between masticatory function and bone mineral density (BMD) is unclear. This cross-sectional study examined this relationship after adjusting for confounding factors. The subjects were 702 community-dwelling elderly adults (306 men, 396 women) who had been recruited for the Community-Based Healthcare Research and Education study in 2019. Objective masticatory function was assessed using the gummy jelly method. The median for each descriptive statistic was 69.0 years for age, 86.2% for the young adult mean, and 18.0 for masticatory function. Comparisons of the groups with good and poor masticatory function by sex revealed a significant difference in muscle mass and the tooth number for both sexes (p < 0.05). Men showed significant differences in age (p < 0.05) and salivary occult blood findings (p < 0.05). Multivariate analysis using propensity scores showed a significant association between masticatory function and BMD in both sexes (men: odds ratio 163.0, 95% confidence interval 1.36–19,610.55, p = 0.04; women: odds ratio 48.65, 95% confidence interval 1.52–1561.15, p = 0.03 in women). Masticatory function and BMD in the community-dwelling elderly may be related. However, other factors, including frailty and sarcopenia, may also be involved. Regular oral health care by dentists and dental hygienists may benefit this population.

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