scholarly journals Licorice: A Potential Herb in Overcoming SARS-CoV-2 Infections

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
pp. 2515690X2199666
Author(s):  
Swee Li Ng ◽  
Kooi-Yeong Khaw ◽  
Yong Sze Ong ◽  
Hui Poh Goh ◽  
Nurolaini Kifli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Food Ingredient ◽  
Active Immunisation ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Biological Potential ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Surprising Fact ◽  
Epidemic Diseases ◽  
Roll Out

The management of the global pandemic outbreak due to the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) has been challenging with no exact dedicated treatment nor established vaccines at the beginning of the pandemic. Nonetheless, the situation seems to be better controlled with the recent COVID-19 vaccines roll-out globally as active immunisation to prevent COVID-19. The extensive usage and trials done in recent outbreak in China has shown the effectiveness of traditional Chinese Medicines (TCM) in improving the wellbeing of COVID-19 patients. Therefore, COVID-19 Prevention and Treatment guidelines has listed a number of recommended concoctions meant for COVID-19 patients. Licorice, more commonly known as Gancao in Chinese Pinyin, is known as one of the most frequently used ingredients in TCM prescriptions for treatment of epidemic diseases. Interestingly, it is deemed as food ingredient as well, where it is normally used in Western cuisines’ desserts and sweets. The surprising fact that licorice appeared in the top 10 main ingredients used in TCM prescriptions in COVID-19 has drawn great attention from researchers in revealing its biological potential in overcoming this disease. To date, there are no comprehensive review on licorice and its benefits when used in COVID-19. Thus, in this current review, the possible benefits, mechanism of actions, safety and limitations of licorice were explored in hope to provide a quick reference guide for its preclinical and clinical experimental set-up in this very critical moment of pandemic.

scholarly journals COVID-19 Pathogenesis: From Molecular Pathway to Vaccine Administration

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 903
Author(s):  
Francesco Nappi ◽  
Adelaide Iervolino ◽  
Sanjeet Singh Avtaar Singh
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Pathophysiological Mechanism ◽  
Systemic Response ◽  
Respiratory Complications ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Multiple Variants ◽  
Roll Out

The Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is a global pandemic that has affected millions of people worldwide. The advent of vaccines has permitted some restitution. Aside from the respiratory complications of the infection, there is also a thrombotic risk attributed to both the disease and the vaccine. There are no reliable data for the risk of thromboembolism in SARS-CoV-2 infection in patients managed out of the hospital setting. A literature review was performed to identify the pathophysiological mechanism of thrombosis from the SARS-CoV-2 infection including the role of Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme receptors. The impact of the vaccine and likely mechanisms of thrombosis following vaccination were also clarified. Finally, the utility of the vaccines available against the multiple variants is also highlighted. The systemic response to SARS-CoV-2 infection is still relatively poorly understood, but several risk factors have been identified. The roll-out of the vaccines worldwide has also allowed the lifting of lockdown measures and a reduction in the spread of the disease. The experience of the SARS-CoV-2 infection, however, has highlighted the crucial role of epidemiological research and the need for ongoing studies within this field.

scholarly journals Guidelines for removing permanent makeup

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
C.Bettina Rümmelein
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium Garnet ◽  
Retrospective Evaluation ◽  
Cosmetic Procedure ◽  
Technical Point ◽  
Eye Protection ◽  
Yttrium Aluminium ◽  
Laser Treatments ◽  
Colour Changes ◽  
Set Up

<p>Permanent makeup (PMU) is a frequently implemented cosmetic procedure performed by beauticians. From a technical point, PMU is considered a facial tattoo. Failed procedures or a change of mind can lead to the desire for removal. The purpose of this retrospective evaluation of patients who came to the clinic with the desire to remove PMU between 2011 and 2015 was to explore the problems, side effects, and results in order to define treatment guidelines for other doctors. We evaluated 87 individual cases in total. In treatable cases, i.e. 52 out of the 87 cases, laser treatments were performed using a nanosecond Q-switched neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (Nd:YAG) laser. It takes between 1-12 treatments to remove the PMU. In three cases, the colour of the PMU could not be removed by laser and remained after the treatment. In two cases, laser treatment had to be terminated due to colour changes towards the green-blue spectrum. Before PMU removal, laser test shots are urgently recommended as unforeseeable colour changes can cause severe aesthetically unpleasant results. Covered up PMU (skin colour) is particularly susceptible to changes in colour. Heat-induced shrinking of the eye area can cause an ectropium. Surgical solutions also have to be taken into consideration. The use of proper eye protection with intraocular eye shields is mandatory. This article is an attempt to set up some guidelines for the treatment of PMU removal.</p>

scholarly journals The Role of Prophetic Medicines in the Treatment of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
pp. 34-42
Author(s):  
SMH Kabir ◽  
AAhad M. Osman-Gani
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Continuous Growth ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Open Access Journals ◽  
Online Databases ◽  
Global Concern ◽  
Cross Reference ◽  
Natural Honey

Health safety is now a global concern. With the continuous growth of global pandemic in recent times caused by COVID-19 infectious disease, numerous remedies developed which were mostly supportive rather than curative. The objective of this study was to scrutinize reported literature on the inspiration of medical treatment based on Prophetic medicines in the fight against COVID-19. The inception of treatment guidelines using Prophetic medicines is the ideal combination of a specific arrangement of connections between science and Islam. A review of the literature has been conducted across online databases available by Medline, PubMed, Google Scholar, Science Direct, Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ) and Cross Reference, while searched to recognize articles associated with Prophetic medicines related to the treatment of COVID-19. Qualified studies addressed the treatment guidelines using Nigella Sativa, Anthemis Hyalina and Natural Honey were accounted. The findings revealed useful information that can be valuable to researchers working on the treatment of corona virus. Alternatively, this paper is one of the few systematic reviews on the treatment guidelines based on prophetic medicines in the fight against COVID-19.

scholarly journals How do we can control SARS-CoV-2/ Covid -19 pandemic through various clinical and public health approaches? What are the agent (Covid-19 virus), host & environmental factors responsible for continuation & recurrence of SARS-CoV-2/ Covid -19 pandemic?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piyush Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Human Case ◽  
Public Health Approach ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Structural Variations ◽  
Control Plan ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Population Strategy ◽  
Standard Treatment Guidelines

AbstractBackground – The SARS-CoV-2/ Covid -19 pandemic is still going on and globally healthcare system is overstressed with this new burden added with previous NCD &amp; CD in existence. The First human case of this global pandemic was reported from Wuhan city of China in December 2019. There are two main approaches to control this pandemic. The clinical approach based on individuals &amp; standard treatment guidelines-protocols and public health approach based on population strategy to control this pandemic. Objective – The main objective of this study is to illustrate the key features of Covid -19 virus &amp; other factors responsible for continuation and recurrence of this pandemic. The next objective is to illustrate various strategies and approaches to prevent epidemic through assessment of important parameters and indicators (see figure 1) to control the ongoing disaster and hazards of pandemic. Setting and design – Different aspects of Covid -19 structural variations and its effect is analysed. Text and figure details about epidemiological triad and various steps to be monitored and modified are outlined. The clinical and public health approaches is explained in stepwise manner in figure1. Methodology – The methods to control the pandemic under clinical and public health approach is discussed here. The methods to control perpetuation of Covid -19 can be achieved by the controlling and modifying way of infections spread and other determinant. Both clinical and public health approach methods are outlined with their importance in this article in brief. Result- Several factors are responsible for the continuation of the pandemic. The CCP (Covid -19control plan) with public health and clinical approaches can be utilized to prevent further spread in different settings.Conclusion – In the epidemiological triad we have agent/host/environment; the public health approach will deal with these three parameters. The clinical approach targets sick individuals (host) infected with SARS-Cov-2/Covid-19.The control of pandemic can be achieved only through a definite universal control plan incorporating both clinical and public health approach. See figure 1.Keywords – SARS-Cov-2, Covid-19, Pandemic, Epidemiology, Strain, CCP

Operational Readiness Case Study for Accessibility and Mobility of Wells Real Time Centre System and Applications During Movement Control Order

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Ridzuan Hamid ◽  
Meor M. Meor Hashim ◽  
Lokman Norhashimi ◽  
Muhammad Faris Arriffin ◽  
Azlan Mohamad
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Movement Control ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Work From Home ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Machine Learning Applications ◽  
Full Capacity ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Control Order ◽  
Remote Operations

Abstract The recent global pandemic is an unprecedented event and took the world by storm. The Movement Control Order (MCO) issued by Malaysia's government to halt the spread of the deadly infection has changed the landscape of work via a flexible working arrangement. The Wells Real Time Centre (WRTC) is not an exception and is also subjected to the change. WRTC is an in-house proactive monitoring hub, built to handle massive real-time drilling data, to support and guide wells delivery effectiveness and excellence. The functionality of the WRTC system and applications are embedded in the wells delivery workflow. The centre houses drilling specialists who are responsible for observing the smooth sailing of well construction and are tasked to intervene when necessary to avoid any unintended incidents. WRTC is equipped with myriads of engineering applications and drilling software that are vital for the operations. Such applications include monitoring software, machine learning applications, engineering modules, real-time data acquisition, and database management. These applications are mostly cloud-based and Internet-facing, hence it is accessible and agile as an infrastructure that is ready to be deployed anytime anywhere when it is required. The strategy for WRTC mobility started as soon as the MCO was announced. This announcement mandated the WRTC to operate outside of the office and required the staff to work from home. The careful coordination and preparation to transform and adapt WRTC to a new norm was greatly assisted by the infrastructure readiness. All of these factors contributed greatly to a successful arrangement with zero to minimal downtime where a workstation was set up in each personnel's home, running at full capacity. This transformation was done within one day of the notice and completed within hours of activation. Despite the successful move, few rooms for improvements such as redundancy of VPN use to access applications and limited access to some proprietary software can be enhanced in the future. WRTC is ready to be mobile and agile to support the drilling operations remotely either in the office or from home. The quick turnaround is a major indicator that WRTC infrastructure and personnel are ready and capable for remote operations without interruption.

scholarly journals Centralised Biological Therapy Registry for Moderate to Severe Plaque Psoriasis – Overview and Methodology

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-48
Author(s):  
R Sutka ◽  
J Pec ◽  
T Pecova
Keyword(s):  
Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Biological Therapy ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Safety Data ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Medical Intervention ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Severe Plaque Psoriasis ◽  
Set Up

Abstract The introduction of new pharmacotherapy entities in the last decade accentuate the necessity to set up treatment guidelines based on real life evidence. Randomized controlled trials remain golden standard of a research. Data derived from studies aiming on daily clinical practice should bring needed, added value. Disease prevalence growth, due to increased life expectancy, better diagnostic procedures and earlier medical intervention, as well as ever growing demand for highly priced, sophistically produced drugs put stress on healthcare budgets even in developed countries. Large databases commonly called - therapy registries are implemented to collect data on therapy effectivity in terms of effectiveness, safety and patient long-term on therapy survival. Registries importance rose together with biological therapies introduction. New in class molecules entered the market conditionally being obliged to provide additional e.g. safety data. Such procedures require involvement of many different professionals, e.g. physicians, professional medical bodies, IT experts, database administrators, statisticians and government institutions. Paper based, followed by computer based forms were distributed among physicians to collect these data. eHealth technologies provide physicians with centralized, more intuitive applications. The particularities of different diagnosis caused great variations within each specific registry launched. Important information was missing since they were pointed out as optional and many were redundant causing frustration among physicians due to inadequate administrative workload. The main objective of this work was to set up the therapy registry standards and procedures. Methodology of „ideal“ moderate to severe plaque psoriasis biology therapy registry development, introduction, administration and evaluation was prepared to assist any government institution or professional body when planning registry deployment. Electronic application based on widely used MS Excel platform was developed and installed in the biological therapy centers as a standalone application for the pilot use.

An investigation into critical service determinants of customer to business (C2B) type product returns in retail firms

2016 ◽  
Vol 46 (6/7) ◽  
pp. 606-633 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamrul Ahsan ◽  
Shams Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Support Service ◽  
Product Returns ◽  
Senior Managers ◽  
Analytic Hierarchy ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Customer Support ◽  
Reference Guide ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Returns Management ◽  
User Friendly

Purpose – In spite of regular occurrence of product returns, research into determinants of returns services in retail businesses is still limited. To fill the gap, the purpose of this paper is to investigate critical determinants of customer to business type product returns services in the retail industry. Design/methodology/approach – The authors develop a framework of product returns services that consists of three major service categories and 16 returns service determinants. The criticality of the determinants of product returns management are assessed employing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) based multi-criteria decision-making approach. Under AHP set up the authors interview retail operations managers of major retail firms in Australia to identify critical determinants of product returns services. Findings – Results indicate that the most important returns services dimensions are the way in which returns services are handled through interaction, and the outcome of service delivery. The top five critical service determinants of product returns are related to: communication support service for customer, money back for any type of returns, customer support access, user-friendly interaction, and product replacement. Originality/value – The findings of the study can be considered by senior managers of retail firms as a reference guide for designing efficient and effective returns service systems and developing strategies for competitive advantage through product returns, namely, customer retention.

scholarly journals Electrocharged facepiece respirator fabrics using common materials

2020 ◽  
Vol 476 (2243) ◽  
pp. 20200469
Author(s):  
M. M. Bandi
Keyword(s):  
Design Principles ◽  
Simple Design ◽  
Design Rules ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
Practical Design ◽  
Cotton Candy ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Filtration Properties ◽  
Plastic Containers

Face masks in general, and N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FRs) that protect against SARS-Cov-2 virion in particular, have become scarce during the ongoing COVID-19 global pandemic. This work presents practical design principles for the fabrication of electrocharged filtration layers employed in N95 FRs using commonly available materials and easily replicable methods. The input polymer is polypropylene or polystyrene, and can include discarded plastic containers of these materials, and the fabrication set-up is based on the cotton candy (CC) principle. The primary parameters underlying the CC principle are translated to simple design rules that allow anyone to construct their own fabrication system from common parts, or employ a commercial CC machine with minimal modifications. Finally, basic characterization results for structural and filtration properties of electrocharged fabrics made using the CC principle are detailed.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Stewardship for Respiratory Pathogens in Swine

Antibiotics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 727
Author(s):  
Anna Vilaró ◽  
Elena Novell ◽  
Vicens Enrique-Tarancón ◽  
Jordi Balielles ◽  
Eduard Allué ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Respiratory Pathogens ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Antimicrobial Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Additional Information ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Epidemiological Link

The aim of this study was to set up antimicrobial stewardship for swine respiratory pathogens following the recommendation from the European Medicine Agency. The obtained antimicrobial susceptibility pattern recommended using antimicrobial stewardship for each clinical case instead of treatment guidelines focused on pathogens. Thus, the bacteria are isolated and the MIC values, the clinical interpretation for each antimicrobial (susceptible or resistant), additional information about the distance between the MIC obtained and the clinical breakpoint, and set up for each drug, are represented in the report provided for veterinarians. A graph from green (susceptible) to red (resistant) is enclosed for each antimicrobial and microorganism in the report. The greener, the more susceptible is the strain, and the redder, the less susceptible is the strain for each particular antimicrobial. This information could help veterinarians to select the most suitable antimicrobial from first, second, or last option antimicrobials. Thus, veterinarians should choose the antimicrobial, inside each option, with the best antimicrobial susceptibility pattern that corresponds with the greener status in the report. The information provided in the report could be useful for all clinical cases, caused by a certain bacterium within the same pig production system, if an epidemiological link could be established.

scholarly journals ADME and Pharmacokinetic Properties of Remdesivir: Its Drug Interaction Potential

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 655
Author(s):  
Subrata Deb ◽  
Anthony Allen Reeves ◽  
Robert Hopefl ◽  
Rebecca Bejusca
Keyword(s):  
Drug Interaction ◽  
Ebola Virus ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
World Health ◽  
Nucleoside Triphosphate ◽  
Treatment Regimens ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

On 11 March 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) classified the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) as a global pandemic, which tested healthcare systems, administrations, and treatment ingenuity across the world. COVID-19 is caused by the novel beta coronavirus Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Since the inception of the pandemic, treatment options have been either limited or ineffective. Remdesivir, a drug originally designed to be used for Ebola virus, has antiviral activity against SARS-CoV-2 and has been included in the COVID-19 treatment regimens. Remdesivir is an adenosine nucleotide analog prodrug that is metabolically activated to a nucleoside triphosphate metabolite (GS-443902). The active nucleoside triphosphate metabolite is incorporated into the SARS-CoV-2 RNA viral chains, preventing its replication. The lack of reported drug development and characterization studies with remdesivir in public domain has created a void where information on the absorption, distribution, metabolism, elimination (ADME) properties, pharmacokinetics (PK), or drug-drug interaction (DDI) is limited. By understanding these properties, clinicians can prevent subtherapeutic and supratherapeutic levels of remdesivir and thus avoid further complications in COVID-19 patients. Remdesivir is metabolized by both cytochrome P450 (CYP) and non-CYP enzymes such as carboxylesterases. In this narrative review, we have evaluated the currently available ADME, PK, and DDI information about remdesivir and have discussed the potential of DDIs between remdesivir and different COVID-19 drug regimens and agents used for comorbidities. Considering the nascent status of remdesivir in the therapeutic domain, extensive future work is needed to formulate safer COVID-19 treatment guidelines involving this medication.

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